Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Organization of reverse engineering using modern calculation methods in the process of reproducing a gears

Pacana Andrzej, Pacana Jacek, Straka Martin, Woźny Artur

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2023

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z. 170

371--382

EN

Purpose: The main purpose of this article is to present modern possibilities for the reproduction of a machine element. If there are no replacements for the damaged part, and there is no technical documentation, then the only options is to use reverse engineering (RE) methods to reproduce it. Design/methodology/approach: On the example of a damaged gear, the process of measuring the wheel and manufacturing a physical model using 3D printing. An additional step has been added to the classic reverse engineering process to modify the model to improve its strength. Findings: Strength analysis was carried out in the Abaqus program using the finite element method (FEM). Based on the results obtained, it was proposed to change the tooth profile of the gear, which will improve its durability. Research limitations/implications: An extension of the proposed scheme may be a modification of the production process in order to implement the reverse engineering method to the serial production of machine elements. Practical implications: The use of a modified reverse engineering (RE) process will not only allow the components to be reproduced but will also allow extended uptime of the components, and this will reduce production costs. Originality/value: The proposed new reverse engineering process can be successfully used to reconstruct machine components with even very complex shapes. The digital model obtained as a result of scanning has been used to improve the geometry of the toothed rim, but it can be successfully used for other analyses, research, or calculations.

2

State of the Art in the End-of-Life Vehicle Recycling

Lenort Radim, Staš David, Wicher Pavel, Straka Martin

Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska

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2021

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Tom 23

902--913

EN

Growing ecological awareness in society and legal regulations aimed at reducing the negative impact of used products on the environment means that waste management begins to play a significant role in the modern world. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct research towards the organization and implementation of waste management. It has been noticed that an important link in the economy is the recycling of used products. Thus, numerous studies are undertaken in the direction of organization, improvement, automation and computerization of the product and material recycling process. The article presents the results of literature research in terms of the implementation of the end-of-life vehicle recycling process.

3

The Level of Risk and Decision-making in Managing Industrial Activity with the Elimination of Negative Environmental Impacts

Végsöová Oľga, Straka Martin, Kyšeľa Kamil

Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska

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2020

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Tom 22, cz. 1

130--143

EN

This paper focuses on the assessment of the degree of risk in all phases of extraction activities in a selected quarry in the Slovak Republic. The research part of the paper assesses the degree of risk resulting from the assessment of the threat, the probability of the threat and the consequence of an adverse event in extraction activities. The paper offers an important basis for decision-making in quarry management in order to eliminate the negative consequences of andesite mining on the environment, equipment and people. The extraction activity in the Kecerovský Lipovec quarry is assessed by this paper as low risk for two phases of extraction, specifically the preparation phase, and the extraction itself. The paper also highlights the importance of taking measures. Regarding the safety criteria in the Kecerovský Lipovec quarry, it is possible, based on the results of the analysis and evaluation, to consider the quarry to be safe. However, a condition for this is the necessary expert training of workers in all activities performed while working in the quarry. Here, the need for personnel to strictly adhere to the set standards for extraction activities is of prime importance. This finding confirms the above that the aim of diagnosing and naming the potential for adverse events in the extraction process must be to minimize risks, as their absolute exclusion is not possible due to the human factor and unforeseeable circumstances.

4

Safety Assessment of a Mineworking in Order to Use Its Cultural and Educational Potential and Ensure Environmental Sustainability

Végsöová Oľga, Straka Martin, Kyšeľa Kamil

Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska

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2020

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Tom 22, cz. 1

24--39

EN

This paper addresses the protection of the environment and provides a design for the use of the deposit after the cessation of mining in the Novoveská Huta region. The area of interest of this case study describes the practical transformation of a functioning mining operation into a mining museum in order to reduce the pressures on the environment after mining. The resulting model of the functioning of the mining museum also deals in detail with the safety of a mining operation which is no longer used for mining, taking into account its further use. The article describes the proposed 1700-metre route which visitors will pass along, and also gives a detailed description of the proposed measures necessary for safety and long-term sustainable operation. The aim was to design a use of the mining space, that would offer visitors the opportunity to see the handling space and mining methods of the deposit. An interesting element will also be the possibility of inspecting the explosives store, wall linings, steel and wooden reinforcements. The tour will also include a demonstration of storage facilities as well as a Karlik's wheel mining equipment with a rope loop. The open-air museum also offers the opportunity to get acquainted with transport around the entire deposit under strict safety conditions. It is assumed that devices such as a mining telephone or a siren placed on the walls of the tunnel will also arouse interest. An important element of the entire tour would also be a constant reminder of the safety rules during the tour. The impacts of this solution on the environment are very acceptable and incomparably more beneficial than in the case of the termination of mining and subsequent non-use of the Novoveská Huta deposit.

5

Proposal of a Logistics Solution for an Emergency at a Nuclear Facility

Végsöová Oľga, Straka Martin, Kyšeľa Kamil

Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska

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2020

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Tom 22, cz. 1

156--170

EN

This paper examines the evacuation of people in the event of an emergency caused at a nuclear facility. The study describes the emergency preparedness of the Mochovce Nuclear Power Plant. The paper describes the proposal of the logistics solution and the implementation of protective and emergency preparation, which is determined by the internal emergency plan, based on the information flow in the event of an emergency and the activities of individual emergency response units. The above results indicate that the fewer people there are in one evacuated group, the longer the evacuation time will be. However, the reason is not the length of time to get to the assembly point itself, but the number of groups that must be created and therefore the higher number of trips that firefighters have to take. The optimal way to carry out this process safely, in the shortest possible time, could be to set up more groups of escorting firefighters, who would accompany groups with smaller numbers of evacuees. Strict preparation and adherence to pre-prepared instructions, based on logistical principles in the event of an emergency at a nuclear facility, minimizes loss of life and harm to the health of persons, and also damage to property or the environment.

6

Protecting and Securing an Environment Affected by Industrial Activity for Future Utilization

Végsöová Oľga, Straka Martin, Rosová Andrea

Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska

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2019

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Tom 21, cz. 1

98--111

EN

At the present time, there are many abandoned areas and places that are affected by extraction activity, but which continue to be of importance due to valuable mineral resources. This article deals with environmental protection for their future use in terms of potential mineral resources. The area of Ruskov in Eastern Slovakia is typical with its rich deposits of andesite. Currently, there is no extraction activity at the site. The problem is related to effectively securing and protecting the environment for future use. The aim of the article is to indicate the possibilities for securing and protecting the area. The procedure can be applied universally to similar types of areas. According to the physical and chemical analysis of the water sample, the water in the quarry is of a basic high magnesium-bicarbonate type. The total mineralization 375 mg/l, pH – 8.4, content of Na – 13.4 mg/l, Ca – 41.1 mg/l, Mg – 26.2 mg/l, Fe – 0.04 mg/l, Mn – 0.012 mg/l and in the hydrogeological investigation the mineralization of precipitation water ranged from 25.8 to 48.0 mg/l, pH 6.0-6 6. From the comparison of values for inflows to the pit of the old Ruskov quarry and the values of groundwater runoff in the volcanic massif, we can state that only a part (approx. 50%) of groundwater from the volcanic massif is involved in the inflow to the quarry. The greater part of the underground runoff flows in the local sub-system to the local erosion base, which is represented by the valley of the Bystré stream, or it joins the flow of the intermediate stream (Olšava valley, erosion base). In the previous extraction activity in the Old Quarry of Ruskov, as well as after it was flooded in August 2014, no adverse effects on the flow and groundwater regime were observed in the evaluated area. Based on the previous evaluation of the hydrogeological conditions of the area, we can state that after the interruption of extraction at the Ruskov – old quarry deposit and the termination of pumping of quarry water, there is no expected adverse influence on the flow and groundwater regime in the evaluated area.

7

Global Assessment of Industrial Expansion for Minimizing Environmental Impacts Utilizing the Principles of Mining and Logistics

Végsöová Oľga, Straka Martin, Sulovec Vladimír

Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska

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2019

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Tom 21, cz. 1

14--28

EN

This article addresses research into the effective expansion of industrial activity, taking into account environmental needs. The aim is to analyse and assess the possibilities for further development of industrial activity in a particular region of Slovakia. The objective of the geological task is to verify 5 million m3 of building stone of category Z-2. In terms of environmental requirements important factors include safety, stability, habitat, logistics and the emissions factor. In terms of further utilization, the emissions factor is particularly important. The emissions factor for drilling, loading, unloading and for aggregate moisture of 0-0.5% is 9.4 g of PM per tonne of aggregate, which for extraction of 300 000 tons per year gives an output of 2 820 kg/year and 1.41 kg/h. The emission factor for primary and secondary aggregate processing with aggregate moisture of 2-3% with application of water spray is 14.6 g of PM per ton of aggregate, giving emissions of 657 kg of PM per year and 0.3285 kg of PM per hour. For the tertiary aggregate processing, at aggregate moisture of 2-3%, the emission factor is 230.2 g of PM per tonne of aggregate, giving emissions of 690.6 kg of PM per year and 0.3453 kg of PM per hour. The total annual emissions are 4 167.6 kg of PM, i.e. 2.0838 kg/h. In order to secure the ecological stability of the land area, it is necessary to respect and protect the elements of the national network of protected areas. The solution for the Hradová quarry is located outside of protected areas. For this reason, no impact on large-scale or small-scale protected areas or protective zones is expected.

8

Assessment of Emergencies Threatening a Particular Region

Végsöová Oľga, Straka Martin, Šofranko Marian

Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska

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2019

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Tom 21, cz. 1

52--68

EN

The paper focuses on emergencies in a particular region of the Slovak Republic. The focus is mainly on describing the emergencies to which the region is most vulnerable and classifying them, as well as specific locations or businesses where there is a high risk of an emergency occurring. From the point of view of the effects of possible emergencies on the district of Bratislava, the most likely situations are natural disasters (floods from precipitation and watercourses, hailstorms, storms, landslides, ice) and accidents (fires, explosions and releases of dangerous substances). When planning rescue work, it is necessary to start from the worst-case scenario of the emergency, while the most important measure to protect the population is issuing warnings and possible evacuation. Special attention should be paid to the following measures: checking the safety measures around hydrological structures and watercourses, carrying out checks on legal entities and natural persons – entrepreneurs who manufacture, store and handle hazardous substances, preparing controlling organizations, forces and resources to carry out rescue work, preparing the population for self-protection and mutual assistance in the event of emergencies, mutual cooperation of rescue teams in preparation for emergencies, exchange of experience and knowledge with neighbouring districts.

9

Geopolimeryzacja odpadów glinokrzemianów wykorzystywanych w chemii budowlanej

Sisol Martin, Marcin Michal, Brezáni Ivan, Straka Martin, Rosová Andrea, Makyšová Helena

Przemysł Chemiczny

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2019

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T. 98, nr 4

569--574

PL

Geopolimeryzacja pozwala na przekształcenie odpadów glinokrzemianowych w materiały budowlane o doskonałych właściwościach. Badano aktywację alkaliczną dziesięciu różnych materiałów glinokrzemianowych (popiołów lotnych i odpadów mineralnych) w celu określenia wpływu ich właściwości chemicznych, fizycznych i mineralogicznych na wytrzymałość na zginanie i ściskanie produktów po aktywacji alkalicznej. Charakterystykę materiałów glinokrzemianowych określono metodą granulometrii laserowej, BET, SEM, XRF, XRD oraz obróbki chemicznej w 1-proc. roztworze HF. Materiały glinokrzemianowe aktywowano alkalicznie 12 M roztworem wodorotlenku sodu i utwardzono w temperaturze pokojowej. Test wytrzymałości mechanicznej przeprowadzony po 7, 28, 90, 180 i 360 dniach wykorzystano do określenia reaktywności glinokrzemianów jako materiałów aktywowanych alkalicznie. Uzyskane wyniki wykazały, że nie wszystkie badane materiały glinokrzemianowe były odpowiednie do aktywacji alkalicznej. Duża zawartość glinokrzemianu, fazy szklistej i jednorodny rozkład wielkości cząstek wykazywały korzystny wpływ na aktywację alkaliczną. Z drugiej strony, negatywny wpływ wywierała duża wielkość strat przy prażeniu oraz duża zawartość SO₃ i Ca.

EN

Ten aluminosilicate waste materials (fly ashes and mineral wastes) were studied for their chem., phys. and mineral. properties, leached with 1% HF soln. at room temp., calcinated at 1000°C, alkali-activated (cured) in 12 M NaOH soln. and studied for flexural and compressive strengths. All aluminosilicate materials were converted to useful building materials. The high contents of aluminosilicate and vitreous phase resulted in an improvement of the product properties. The high contents of SO₃ and Ca as well as high ignition losses contributed to deterioration of the product quality.

10

New approach to increasing the vertical conveyance capacity through transport cycle modification

Saderova Janka, Straka Martin, Jelisavac Erdeljan Dragana

Archives of Mining Sciences

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2019

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Vol. 64, no. 4

709--723

EN

Scientific research discussed in the present article is focused on the determination of the vertical conveyance capacity in the process of mining minerals, while applying a mathematical calculation and verification of the calculation results by simulation. Input parameters for the capacity calculation include the transport cycle time. The article presents the results of measuring a transport cycle during the operation and a calculation of the transport cycle while using known formulas. On the basis of the observed findings, two methods of increasing the hoisting machine capacity were proposed. The first method is increasing the velocity from the original value of 6 m.s–1 to the velocity of 7 m.s–1. In this case, we achieved the daily capacity increase in 2-2.5%. The second method consisted in changing the hoisting machine ac-celeration and deceleration modes by which we achieved as much as 9% increase in the daily capacity. The article also describes a transport cycle simulation model, with its output being the number of work cycles parameter. The obtained parameter was used again in the capacity calculation. The simulation model was used in experiments for both, the current status as well as proposed solutions. The simulation model serves also for calculation verification.

PL

Badania opisane w niniejszym artykule dotyczą określania i identyfikacji wydajności pracy instalacji transportu pionowego w ramach całościowego procesu wydobycia kopalin przy wykorzystaniu obliczeń matematycznych i weryfikacji wyników obliczeń poprzez symulacje. Wśród parametrów wejściowych wykorzystywanych do obliczeń wydajności pracy uwzględniono czas trwania cyklu jazdy urządzenia. W artykule przedstawiono wyniki pomiarów czasu cyklu jazdy dokonanych na urządzeniu rzeczywistym, zaś obliczenia dla cyklu jazdy wykonano w oparciu o ogólnie znane wzory. Na podstawie wyników pomiarów zaproponowano dwie metody zwiększania wydajności pracy urządzenia wyciągowego. Metoda pierwsza polega na zwiększaniu prędkości podnoszenia, z wartości początkowej 6 ms–1 do 7 ms–1; w rezultacie uzyskując w skali dziennej wzrost wydajności o 2-2.5%. Druga metoda polegała na zmianie wartości przyspieszenia i opóźnienia (hamowania); uzyskany w ten sposób wzrost wydajności pracy urządzenia wynosi 9%. W pracy przedstawiono także model do symulacji cyklu jazdy urządzenia wyciągowego, parametrem wyjściowym modelu była liczba cykli jazdy. Otrzymaną wartość tego parametru wykorzystano następnie do obliczeń wydajności pracy urządzenia. Model symulacyjny następnie wykorzystano do przeprowadzenia eksperymentu uwzględniającego zarówno stan obecny urządzenia wyciągowego i jego wydajność, a także proponowane rozwiązania. Powyższy model symulacyjny wykorzystany został także do weryfikacji obliczeń.