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Effects of agricultural droughts in the province of Kujawsko-Pomorskie and possibilities of minimizing their impact

Żarski J., Dudek S., Kuśmierek-Tomaszewska R., Żarski W.

Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich

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2017

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nr II/2

813--824

EN

The aim of the research was an evaluation of the frequency and intensity of agricultural droughts and their effects in the province of Kujawsko-Pomorskie as well as to indicate ways of increasing productivity in such drought periods by applying irrigation. It was found that the drought periods around Bydgoszcz occurred in 17 vegetation seasons out of 30 analysed. They were differentiated by intensity and duration but were also characterized by high irregularity of their occurrence. In the past 30-year period, droughts were especially intensified in the years 1989-1995. In the years 2001-2005 droughts were rare (36%), as compared with the previous 15-year period of 1986-2000 (64%). Crop production of some selected agricultural cultivations in the province of Kujawsko-Pomorskie depended to a large extent on the degree of precipitation shortages in the periods of intensified water demand. The best correlations and determination coefficients exceeding 80% concerned maize cultivations. The occurrence of droughts, expressed by the degree of atmospheric precipitation shortages in June and July, led to a decrease in grain crops in the province by 13%, on average. In the extremely dry year of 2006, a decrease by 27%, in relation to average crops, was observed. Active methods of minimizing effects of agricultural droughts are connected mainly with the development of irrigation systems. In the experiments conducted in the years 2006-2016, it was shown that the application of irrigation of barley and maize in the drought periods not only prevented 40-45% decrease in crops but also provided higher cropping level (by 33-40%) than the one obtained on average without irrigation.

2

Logistyka zaopatrzenia i możliwości jej wspomagania w przedsiębiorstwie produkującym biopaliwa

Żarski W.

Logistyka

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2015

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nr 4

9987--9993, CD3

PL

Odpowiednia strategia logistyczna dostaw surowca, jest ważnym aspektem przy planowaniu produkcji biopaliw. Racjonalna organizacja transportu i magazynowania surowca stanowi czynnik warunkujący efektywność produkcji. W artykule przedstawiono aspekty związane z logistyką zaopatrzenia, w tym organizacją dostaw surowca w produkcji biopaliw, jak również zaprezentowano przykład opracowywanego narzędzia wspomagającego decyzje związane z zaopatrzeniem w biomasę.

EN

Biomass logistics strategy is an important aspect of biofuels production planning. Major factor determining production efficiency is proper organization of biomass transport and storage. The article presents main aspects related to logistics supply, including the organization of supplies in the production of biofuels and an example of a tool designed to support decisions concerning the supply of biomass.

3

Logistyka dostaw surowca w produkcji biopaliw

Borowski S., Żarski W., Dulcet E., Kaszkowiak J., Zastempowski M.

Logistyka

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2015

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nr 4

1821--1828, CD2

PL

Celem artykułu jest zasygnalizowanie problemu wpływu zużycia paliwa na kosztochłonność pozyskiwania surowców do produkcji biopaliw. Jest to spowodowane niewystarczającym potencjałem ekonomicznym zasobów. Zwiększenie odległości spowodowane brakiem surowców powoduje potrzebę zwiększenia promienia obszaru z którego jest on pozyskiwany. Powoduje to oprócz strat ekonomicznych także zwiększoną emisję CO2. Działanie takie jest więc niekorzystne ze względów ekologicznych. Prawidłowe dobranie wydajności przetwórni powinno opierać się na dobrze wykonanej ocenie potencjału ekonomicznego biomasy.

EN

The aim of this article is signaled influence of the problem on the fuel consumption cost-absorption raw material sourcing for the production of biofuels. This is due to insufficient economic potential resources. Increase the distance due to the lack of raw materials will need to increase the radius of the area from which it is derived. This results in addition to the economic takeoff, CO2 - emissions also increased. Such action is so unfavorable for environmental reasons. Correct selection of processing capacity should be based on well done assessing the economic potential of biomass.

4

Współczesne uwarunkowania procesu restrukturyzacji przedsiębiorstw na przykładzie spółki PKP Cargo S.A.

Bojar W., Bielski I., Woźnicka K., Żarski W., Brzykcy W.

Logistyka

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2014

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nr 6

EN

In the field of logistics dynamic changes such as physical, information and financial flows take place. The main aim of this article is to present the restructuring of PKP Cargo SA company conducted in response to the outbreak of the current economic and financial crisis. Crisis has exposed inadequacy of the structures and processes within the company and significantly deteriorated its financial position. The case study research method was used to present the market position of mentioned company in the transportation industry. What is more a range of changes introduced in the company and their impact on the economic and financial situation was discussed. The adequate analyzes for a 4-year comparison period between 2007 to 2011 were evaluated. They included the development of the particular parameters both before the outbreak of the economic crisis in Europe and shortly after, that is, during the period of the greatest difficulties of the company, as well as in the years following the implementation of the restructuring program.

5

Zastosowanie modelu kalkulacji różnicowych do usprawnienia procesu produkcji brykietu opałowego z agrobiomasy

Bojar W., Żarski W.

Zarządzanie Przedsiębiorstwem

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2012

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Vol. 15, nr 1

13-18

EN

In the paper on the base of literature review and also opinions of entrepreneurs dealt with fuel briquette manufacturing and also the data coming from selected enterprise a differential calculation model was worked out. First, circumstances of development of renewable energy sources sector in Poland were highlighted. One can indicate both high potential of renewable energy resources in Poland, big investments in this area last time and chances resulted in increasing demand for such kind of fuel and stimulating the EU legal requirements as well. Secondary, course of manufacturing and logistics processes of fuel briquette fabrication were analyzed considering relevant technical and economical parameters. Detail description of those processes let set crucial factors influenced studied fuel briquette production. This enabled elaboration of differential calculation model to set up interesting decision scenarios and simulate their different financial effects with marginal calculation method. Once can analyze impact of different levels of raw material humidity at unit cost of fuel briquette output. Next, financial effects of failures of crumbling machine influenced by polluted raw material were investigated. One can underline difficulty to precise probability of occurrence of such failures and to estimate accurately relevant costs closed to them. Third, elaborated model let simulate effects of different average transportation distance of enterprise from raw material location and also different prices of fuel. One can conclude that transportation costs are crucial for profitability of studied manufacturing process. Hence, worked out method of analysis of decision scenarios was verified positively as useful tool let update management in enterprises dealt with manufacturing of fuel briquette made from agro biomass. One can conclude that quality of raw material about level of pollution and humidity and also distance of its transportation and fuel price are crucial factors determining production process and shaping production costs, what is very important in planning.

6

Structure of computer management systems design

Żółtowski M., Żarski W.

Systemy Wspomagania w Inżynierii Produkcji

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2012

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z. 1 (1)

288--300

PL

System informatyczny wspomagający zarządzanie firmą posiada konstrukcję modułową i zapewnia kontrolę nad wszystkimi obszarami działalności przedsiębiorstwa, począwszy od planowania i zaopatrzenia poprzez dystrybucję produkcję, sprzedaż, utrzymanie ruchu, finanse i rachunkowość. Modułowa budowa systemu zapewnia możliwość implementacji tylko tych elementów, które ze względu na charakter firmy i specyfiki jej działalności są niezbędne i użyteczne. Zagadnieniem wymagającym poświęcenia uwagi jest elastyczność systemu, oznaczająca możliwość jego dostosowania do zmiennych warunków środowiskowych, dzięki modyfikacjom i dodawaniu nowych modułów.