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Międzynarodowa współpraca wojskowa w polskiej polityce traktatowej w pierwszej dekadzie suwerenności 1989-2000

Śmiałek W.

Zeszyty Naukowe AON

2006

nr 4(65)

76-89

The fundamental reorientation of Polish foreign policy, which happened as a result of the breakthrough after the June ’89 elections, found the fullest expression in treaty politics. Poland's full independence was demonstrated especially in the possibility of establishing unconstrained treaty relations on the basis of raison d'etat while expressing the basic interest of the Polish state and nation. The novelty of such attitude consists of the rejection of imperial monocentrism, supported by schematic allied treaties. Instead, new bilateral norms were implemented, finding expression in diversification and mirroring of the specifics of the Republic of Poland’s partnership. Of special importance were the bilateral treaties with Poland’s neighbouring countries. New elements of the Polish treaty policy after 1990 were reflected in treaties, especially stressing co-operation and collaboration, in particular in military matters and in the area of broadening defense cooperation. After the changes in 1989 the central focus of Polish foreign and security policy has become Atlantic directed. For nearly a decade it was described by endeavours to became a NATO member while co-operating with Alliance countries. With the moment of NATO membership, we can talk about the policy as an instrument being used to the realisation of our raison d'etat. Under new circumstances choosing the “Western option” Poland implemented the new model of the organisation of country, society and exterior relations, which gives an optimal guarantee of security and stable development.

Bezpieczeństwo lotnictwa cywilnego i zwalczanie terroryzmu powietrznego w polskiej polityce traktatowej

Śmiałek W.

Zeszyty Naukowe AON

2003

nr 4(53)

176-189

The increase of air terrorism phenomenon causes the necessity to take effective protective measures. The international legal co-operation (both bilateral and multilateral) contributes to combating terrorism. For many years Poland has tried to participate in this process working in various important bodies, although the intensity of our engagement has differed. After 1990 the government of the Polish Republic did its best in order to fully prepare and engage in fighting against air terrorism. Poland is a party of the most significant international conventions under the CIAO concerning civilian air travel and fight against air terrorism (the Hague, Montreal and Tokyo conventions). Signing these conventions meant the necessity to introduce essential changes in our law. The treaties signed with our neighbours and other countries are an important factor in Polish co-operation on an international arena in the area of preventing and fighting terrorism. Among 19 treaties and pacts, only two of them did not refer to fighting terrorism. The approach to fighting terrorism and the range of co-operation is different in selective treaties. However, there are some similarities. A new phenomenon in the Polish treaty policy is following provisions of the signed treaties in the international co-operation in the area of crime prevention and fighting, including terrorism conducted by the Ministry of the Interior (and Administration), its agendas and institutions (approximately 40 agreements). Treaties, contracts and bilateral agreements are a stabilising factor to perceive commercial aviation from the Polish point of view.