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Response of picophytoplankton to a warm eddy in the northern South China Sea

Wang J., Tan Y., Huang L., Ke Z., Tan J., Hu Z., Wang Q.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

2016

Vol. 45, No. 2

145--158

We investigated the distribution of several picophytoplankton groups (Prochlorococcus, Synechococcus, and picoeukaryotes) in relation to a warm eddy in the northern South China Sea in summer 2012. An anticyclonic eddy centered on 117°E longitude was identi ed during the sampling period using satellite data and hydrologic mapping. e layer of maximum Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus abundance within the eddy core dropped from 50 to 75 m, which was consistent with the subsurface chlorophyll a maximum. e water-column integrated abundance of Prochlorococcus, Synechococcus, and picoeukaryotes in the eddy core (9.67±0.23, 1.56±0.04, and 0.28±0.01 × 103 cells ml-1, respectively) was signi cantly lower (P<0.05) than that of the reference stations (25.10±2.32, 2.71±0.63, and 0.92±0.15 × 103 cells ml-1, respectively), and the abundance of Prochlorococcus in the core was also signi cantly lower than that at eddy edges (15.75±1.78 × 103 cells ml-1). However, there were no di erences in the water-column integrated Chl a between the eddy core and edge. Our ndings show that the warm eddy led to the reduced picophytoplankton abundance, especially of Prochlorococcus and picoeukaryotes, causing the layer of maximum picophytoplankton abundance to differ from that of the subsurface Chl a maximum.