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Mechanical and Thermal Properties of HDPE Thermoplastic with Oil Palm Boiler Ash Nano Filler

Bukit Nurdin, Sinulingga Karya, Abd Hakim S., Sirait Makmur, Bukit Bunga Fisikanta

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 24, nr 9

355--363

EN

This study aims to determine the mechanical and thermal properties of high density polyethylene (HDPE) thermoplastic nanocomposite with oil palm boiler ash (OPBA) filler made by coprecipitation method and synthesized with PEG 6000 surfactant with OPBA-PEG 6000 filler variations. The filler composition used was HDPE/OPBA (100/0, 98/2, 96/4, 94/6, 92/8, 90/10) wt%. Nanocomposites were prepared using a Rheomixer HAAKE Polylab OS System at 150°C and 60 rpm for 10 minutes. Mechanical properties of HDPE with increased OPBA filler content is beyond a certain threshold, the tensile strength of the HDPE composite may start to decrease. This decrease can be attributed to several factors. Firstly, as the filler content increases, the HDPE matrix may become less effective in transferring stress, resulting in reduced load-bearing capacity. This is confirmed from the SEM results that the filler agglomerates and cracks occur in the composite. The composite material may exhibit a lower Young’s modulus compared to pure HDPE with low Young’s modulus tend to have high elongation at break which indicatie a flexible and ductile composite. The melting point of peaks 1 and 2 on 0% filler and other fillers did not change significantly even at certain compositions the melting point decreased after adding filler.

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Characterization of Nanocomposite Mixture Polyvinyl Alcohol and Rice Husk Ash

Sirait Makmur, Sinulingga Karya, Siregar Nurdin

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 24, nr 11

268–-273

EN

Rice husk ash (RHA) nanoparticles were prepared to be applied as a filler in the formation of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) nanocomposites. The manufacture of rice husk ash nanoparticles involved the Ball Mill method and the coprecipitation method, while the manufacture of Polyvinyl Alcohol nanocomposite membranes and rice husk ash was carried out by the sol-gel method. The results of XRD analysis using Match software indicated that the crystal structure of rice husk ash is monoclinic with a particle size of 16.55 nm. The mechanical test results obtained the largest elastic modulus of 29.28 MPa in 3% rice husk ash mixture, the largest tensile test of 8.83 MPa in 1% rice husk ash mixture, and the largest elongation at break of 82.08% in 4% rice husk ash mixture. The addition of rice husk ash as a filler can improve the mechanical properties of PVA/rice husk ash nanocomposites.

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Physical Characteristics of Aceh Traditional Salt and Its Potential as Raw Material for Thermal Energy Storage

Gunawati, Humaidi Syahrul, Setiawan Adi, Sirait Makmur, Jalil Zulkarnain, Ramadhani Nadilla, Makruf Amar, Riskina Shafira, Irhamni

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 23, nr 2

116--122

EN

Thermal energy storage is an important element in order to conserve the energy and optimize the overall efficiency. Development of energy storage system for local purposes requires some information on the raw material which is abundantly available in the local market. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of traditionally produced salt in Aceh in terms of its potential use as a raw material for thermal energy storage. The sample was collected from the Aceh Besar District and treated by heating at temperatures of 400 °C and 800 °C in a muffle furnace. This treatment is carried out to study the changes in properties and define the best procedure for salt preparation. All samples were characterized under a number of techniques including XRF, XRD, SEM/EDS, TGA/DSC analysis, density, thermal conductivity, and electrolytic conductivity. The XRF characterization showed that the local Aceh salt was graded as a category III salt. Furthermore, according to the TGA/DSC characterization, the melting temperature is close to 800 °C, and the enthalpy value is close to 492 kJ/kg. It is ample evidence that the Aceh salt can be used as a thermal energy storage material. Furthermore, increasing the temperature of local salt’s heat treatment contributes to increasing the enthalpy value, crystal size, density, thermal conductivity, and electrolyte conductivity.