The behavior of boron redistribution in silicon with and without oxide layer after electron beam injection (EBI) was investigated. Special defect shapes were generated on the surface of bare and oxidized silicon wafers. Secondary ion mass spectrometer was used to measure the boron profile. The results showed that after long EBI time, boron tended to be induced from both sides of the transition region between the oxide layer and silicon. For the sample without oxide layer after EBI, boron tended to diffuse towards the surface and its concentration obviously reduced inside the silicon. The results of the study show the potential use of the process in removing boron impurity in silicon.
Aiming at the non-linearity of state equation and observation equation of SSP (Siemen Schottel Propulsor) propulsion motor, an improved particle filter algorithm based on strong tracking extent Kalman filter (ST-EKF) was presented, and it was imported into the marine SSP propulsion motor control system. The strong tracking filter was used to update particles in the new algorithm and produce importance densities. As a result, the problems of particle degeneracy and sample impoverishment were ameliorated, the propulsion motor states and the rotor resistance were estimated simultaneously using strong track filter (STF), and the tracking ability of marine SSP propulsion motor control system was improved. Simulation result shown that the improved EPF algorithm was not only improving the prediction accuracy of the motor states and the rotor resistance, but also it can satisfy the requirement of navigation in harbor. It had the better accuracy than EPF algorithm.
The purpose of this paper is to prove the existence of a solution of the following periodic boundary value problem {u(4)(t) = ∫(t, u(t), u" (t), t ∈ [0, 2π] {u(0) = u(2π]), u' (0) = u' (2π), u" (0) = u' (2π), u''' (2π) in the presence of an upper solution β ≤ α, where ∫(t, u, v) satisfies one side Lipschitz condition.
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In this paper we establish the existence of multiple positive solutions to semipositone Dirichlet boundary value problem by using the upper and lower solutions method with the existence theory in [1], where u > 0 is a constant. Here our nonlinearity/may be singular at y = 0.
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This paper presents new existence results for singular discrete initial value problems. In particular our nonlinearity may be singular in its dependent variable and is allowed to change sign.
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