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1
Content available remote Effects of modifying the hypoeutectic AlMg5Si2Mn alloy via addition of Al10Sr and/or Al5TiB
Snopiński P., Król M., Wróbel T., Matus K., Woźniak A., Tański T., Palček P.
Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering
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2021
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Vol. 21, no. 1
16--31
EN
This work demonstrates that the combined addition of Al10Sr and Al5TiB master alloys to the AlMg5Si2Mn effectively refines the grain microstructure and partially modifies the eutectic Mg2Si phase. Thorough spectroscopic characterization reveals that the grain refinement effect is due to Al3Ti particles acting as nucleation sites for α-Al grains, and the increased nucleation temperature of α-Al is due to Al10Sr addition. It is also determined that TiB2 particles can act as nucleation substrates for the primary Mg2Si phase. The prepared alloy sample with the finest microstructure (treated with both Al10Sr and Al5TiB) exhibits the greatest corrosion resistance among all tested samples.
2
Content available Effect of Nb and Ti micro-additives and thermo-mechanical treatment of high-manganese steels with aluminium and silicon on their microstructure and mechanical properties
Sozańska-Jędrasik L., Mazurkiewicz J., Borek W., Matus K., Chmiela B., Zubko M.
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
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2019
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Vol. 64, iss. 1
133--142
EN
The results are based on two experimental high-manganese X98MnAlSiNbTi24-11 and X105MnAlSi24-11 steels subjected to thermo-mechanical treatment by hot-rolling on a semi-industrial processing line. The paper presents the results of diffraction and structural studies using scanning and transmission electron microscopy showing the role of Nb and Ti micro-additives in shaping high strength properties of high-manganese austenitic-ferritic steels with complex carbides. The performed investigations of two experimental steels allow to explain how the change cooling conditions after thermo-mechanical treatment of the analysed steels affects the change of their microstructure and mechanical properties. The obtained results allow assessing the impact of both the chemical composition and the applied thermo-mechanical treatment technology on the structural effects of strengthening of the newly developed steels.
3
Content available remote Microstructure, grain refinement and hardness of Al–3%Mg aluminium alloy processed by ECAP with helical die
Snopiński Przemysław, Tański T., Matus K., Rusz S.
Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering
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2019
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Vol. 19, no. 2
287--296
EN
In the present research, commercial Al–3%Mg aluminium alloy was subjected to the ECAP processing using a modified die with a helical 30° exit channel. The changes in microstructure were characterized by light microscopy, electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and TEM. Mechanical properties were compared based on hardness measurement. It is also shown that such modification of ECAP die enhances grain refinement due to the vortex-like flow of metal during subsequent deformations. The results of the metallographic study showed that microstructure is refined due to the interactions and intersections of the deformation bands. The mechanical properties examinations display a significant improvement after the first ECAP pass and less significant increase with subsequent passes.
4
Content available The Morphology and Structure of ZnO Thin Films Deposited by ALD Method
Boryło P., Matus K., Lukaszkowicz K., Gołombek K.
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
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2018
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Vol. 63, iss. 1
129--133
EN
This paper presents research results of zinc oxide thin films deposited on a glass substrate with use of ALD method. Our researches focused on analyzing of the influence of ALD deposition process temperature on the morphology and transparency of thin layers. The morphology was examined using both scanning and transmission electron microscopes. Transparency study was performed by UV-VIS spectroscopy. For our experiments, two sets of the coating have been prepared, differing in temperature and number of cycle used during the preparation process. The first set was deposited in 100 cycles, second one in 500 cycles. Each set of tested coating contained samples prepared at different temperatures.
5
Content available Fabrication of Multilayer Cu/Ni Systems with Nanometric Layers by Electrolysis Method
Spilka M., Babilas R., Ratuszek W., Kowalska J., Matus K.
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
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2018
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Vol. 63, iss. 4
2067--2073
EN
The paper presents research results of multilayer systems composed of alternate Cu/Ni layers. The layers thickness obtained by the galvanic treatment was determined by using the transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction method in the grazing incidence diffraction geometry. The surface morphology was observed using scanning electron microscope with EDS microanalysis. Observation of the surface topography of systems using the atomic force microscope was also carried out.
6
Content available Characterization of Nanocrystalline AlTiSiN Coatings Deposited by a LARCCAE Process
Gołombek K., Tomiczek A. E., Pakuła D., Matus K.
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
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2018
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Vol. 63, iss. 2
899--906
EN
The paper presents the results of research studies involving the ceramic-metal tool materials with the deposited nitride coatings on the basis of aluminium, titanium and silicon. The cathodic arc evaporation with lateral rotating cathodes method was used for deposition of nanocrystalline, wear resistant nitride coatings – AlTiSiN type. Structural examinations are presented of the applied coatings and their support material made on the scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the scanning/transmission electron microscope (STEM). Chemical composition analysis as a function of the distance from the specimen surface, the so-called profile analysis, were carried out also. The structural analysis confirms that deposited multilayer coatings have dense microstructure without any visible porosity and delamination. It was found that the investigated coatings have nanocrystalline structure and consisting of fine crystallites even less than 6nm. Lattice deformations and numerous structural defects were also observed in the nanolayers. Depositing the AlTiSiN coatings results in the significant hardness increase within the range of 2252 ±256 to 2908 ±295 HV0.01.
7
Content available Carbides Analysis of the High Strength and Low Density Fe-Mn-Al-Si Steel
Sozańska-Jędrasik L., Mazurkiewicz J., Borek W., Matus K.
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
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2018
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Vol. 63, iss. 1
265--276
EN
The work presents the results of investigations into the structure and phase composition of newly developed high manganese steels of the X98MnAlSiNbTi24-11 and X105MnAlSi24-11 type. The average density of such steels is 6.67 g/cm3, which is 15% lower as compared to typical structural steels. An analysis of phase composition and structure allows to conclude that the investigated steels feature an austenitic γ-Fe(Mn,Al,C) structure with uniformly distributed and elongated α-Fe(Mn,Al) ferrite grains on the boundaries of austenite grains and carbides. Examinations by diffraction of back scattered electrons (EBSD) allow to conclude that high-angle boundaries dominate in such steels, having significant influence on mechanical properties. Three types of carbides with differentiated chemical composition and size were identified in steel X98MnAlSiNbTi24-11 with scanning and transmission electron microscopy. κ-(Fe,Mn)3AlC carbides, having a regular, face-centered cubic lattice (fcc), were identified in austenite. Transmission electron microscopy examinations have enabled to identify M7C3-type carbide in ferrite. Nb- and Ti-based complex carbides were identified in steel X98MnAlSiNbTi24-11, both, in ferrite and austenite. (NbTi)C2 carbide precipitates were confirmed in an X-ray qualitative phase analysis. The size of the above-mentioned carbides is within several to several dozens of μm. An X-ray qualitative phase analysis has confirmed the precipitates of M7C3 carbides in both steels.
8
Content available Changes in Structure of CuCr0.6 Alloy After Repetitive Corrugation Process
Jung T., Kwaśny W., Rdzawski Z., Głuchowski W., Matus K., Pawlyta M., Szindler M.
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
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2017
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Vol. 62, iss. 4
2441--2448
EN
This paper presents the study of repetitive corrugation process influence on the strengthening of annealed alloy. Based on the results of mechanical properties of deformed sample, it has been found that the microhardness, ultimate tensile strength, yield strength and apparent elastic limit are significantly increased in relation to annealed sample. Examination on transmission electron microscopy confirmed the effect of intensive plastic deformation on structure fragmentation in the nanometric scale. This work confirmed the possibility of using the repetitive corrugation process to increase mechanical properties of CuCr0.6 alloy.
9
Content available Phase identification of nanometric precipitates in Al-Si-Cu aluminum alloy by HR-STEM investigations
Pawlyta M., Labisz K., Matus K.
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
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2016
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Vol. 61, iss. 3
1303--1308
EN
Aluminium recycling is cost-effective and beneficial for the environment. It is expected that this trend will continue in the future, and even will steadily increase. The consequence of the use of recycled materials is variable and difficult to predict chemical composition. This causes a significant reduction in the production process, since the properties of produced alloy are determined by the inicrostructure and the presence of precipitates of other phases. For this reason, the type and order of formation of precipitates were systematically investigated in recent decades. These studies involved, however, only the main systems (Al-Cu. Al-Mg-Si, Al-Cu-Mg, Al-Mg-Si-Cu), while more complex systems were not analysed. Even trace amounts of additional elements can significantly affect the alloy inicrostructure and composition of precipitates formed. This fact is particularly important in the case of new technologies such as laser surface treatment. As a result of extremely high temperature and temperature changes after the laser remelting large amount of precipitates are observed. Precipitates are nanometric in size and have different morphology and chemical composition. A full understanding of the processes that occur during the laser remelting requires their precise but also time effectively phase identification, which due to the diversity and nanometric size, is a major research challenge. This work presents the methodology of identification of nanometer phase precipitates in the alloy AlSi9Cu, based on the simultaneous TEM imaging and chemical composition analysis using the dispersion spectroscopy using the characteristic X-ray. Verification is performed by comparing the simulation unit cell of the identified phase with the experimental high-resolution image.
10
Content available Characterization of Nanometric-Sized Carbides Formed During Tempering of Carbide-Steel Cermets
Matus K., Pawlyta M., Matula G., Gołombek K.
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
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2016
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Vol. 61, iss. 2A
747--752
EN
The aim of this article of this paper is to present issues related to characterization of nanometric-sized carbides, nitrides and/or carbonitrides formed during tempering of carbide-steel cermets. Closer examination of those materials is important because of hardness growth of carbide-steel cermet after tempering. The results obtained during research show that the upswing of hardness is significantly higher than for high-speed steels. Another interesting fact is the displacement of secondary hardness effect observed for this material to a higher tempering temperature range. Determined influence of the atmosphere in the sintering process on precipitations formed during tempering of carbide-steel cermets. So far examination of carbidesteel cermet produced by powder injection moulding was carried out mainly in the scanning electron microscope. A proper description of nanosized particles is both important and difficult as achievements of nanoscience and nanotechnology confirm the significant influence of nanocrystalline particles on material properties even if its mass fraction is undetectable by standard methods. The following research studies have been carried out using transmission electron microscopy, mainly selected area electron diffraction and energy dispersive spectroscopy. The obtained results and computer simulations comparison were made.
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