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Mineralogy and organic geochemistry of phyllite from the Dewon-Pokrzywna deposit, the Opava Mountains (SW Poland)

Sawicka N., Janeczek J., Fabiańska M., Bahranowski K., Krzykawski T., Matuszewska A.

Geological Quarterly

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2018

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Vol. 62, No. 4

817--828

EN

Phyllites from the Dewon-Pokrzywna deposit in the Opava Mts., SW Poland, were investigated by XRD (Rietveld method), XRF, EPMA, SEM, and ATR-FTIR from the perspective of their potential usage as a buffer and/or backfill material in a geological repository of radioactive waste. Organic matter dispersed in the phyllite matrix was analysed by GC-MS. Fine-grained Mg-Fe-muscovite (13 to 29 wt.%), Fe-ripidolite (10 to 25 wt.%), detrital quartz (20 to 46 wt.%), and albite (7 to 28 wt.%) ± microcline, illite or illite/smectite, and kaolinite are major minerals in phyllite samples. The chlorite/muscovite ratio ranges from 0.65 to 1.1. Mg-annite inherited from the precursor rock is a minor constituent. Detrital ilmenite is a dominant accessory mineral. Ancylite-(Ce) occurs in quartz-calcite-ripidolite veins. Two types of phyllite have been distinguished based on the proportion of phyllosilicates to silt fraction: argillaceous (47 to 55 wt.% phyllosilicates) and silt-rich (28 wt.% phyllosilicates). Argillaceous phyllite shows elevated content of alumina and moderate concentration of silica. It is highly enriched in Fe compared to phyllites from other localities worldwide. The BET specific surface area of argillaceous phyllite ranges from 1.73 to 3.64 m2/g. Whole-rock chemical composition, mineral assemblages, chlorite geothermometry, and the occurrence of aliphatic hydrocarbons suggest that argillaceous phyllite originated from a pelagic pelite protolith under low-temperature (260-370°C) greenschist to subgreenschist facies conditions. Persistent biomarkers are indicative of bacterial degradation of planktonic organic matter suspended in a high water column. Enrichment in Fe-rich chlorite and Mg,Fe-muscovite, low volume of interconnected pores with dominant mesopores suggest that argillaceous phyllite from the Dewon-Pokrzywna deposit is a potential candidate for a buffer and/or backfill material.

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Orthorhombic 11C pyrrhotite from Michałkowa, Góry Sowie Block, The Sudetes, Poland - preliminary report

Rybicki M., Krzykawski T.

Contemporary Trends in Geoscience

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2014

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Vol. 3, iss. 1

51--58

EN

This study provides the preliminary report about first occurrence of orthorhombic 11C pyrrhotite (Fe(1-x)S) from the Sudetes, Poland. Samples of pyrrhotite-containing two-pyroxene gabbro were found in a classic pegmatite locality in Michałkowa near Walim in the Góry Sowie Block. Based on microscopic methods, pyrrhotite is associated with pentlandite, chalcopyrite, chromite, ilmenite, gersdorffite, magnetite, biotite, magnesiohornblende, clinochlore, lizardite and talc. X-Ray diffraction (XRD) indicate that pyrrhotite has orthorhombic 11C structure and it is characterized by: a = 3.433(9) Å, b = 5.99(2) Å, c = 5.7432(5) Å, β = 90º and d102 = 2.06906 Å. Mössbauer studies confirmed the XRD data. Pyrrhotite has three sextets with hyperfine parameter values 30.8 T for sextet A, 27.9 T and 25.8 T for sextets B and C respectively, indicating orthorhombic structure, the composition near Fe10S11 and x = 0.0909.

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Heavy Metals Soil Contamination Induced by Historical Zinc Smelting in Jaworzno

Sutkowska K., Czech T., Teper L., Krzykawski T.

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. A

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2013

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Vol. 20, nr 12

1441-1450

EN

The initial study of heavy metals (Cr, Cu, Ni and Mn) contamination was carried out on the 22 samples taken from 4 forest soil (podzol) profiles and 5 waste samples taken from 3 points of the historical zinc smelting area in Jaworzno, Southern Poland. XRD and pH analyses on the soil samples were done. The trace element concentrations were measured with the inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) after mineralisation in concentrated HNO3 (65 % Suprapur) and HCl (30 % Suprapur). Examined materials were ultra acidic to neutral, mostly very strong acidic. Total accumulations of trace elements in the soil varied from 21.91 to 119.32 mgCr, from 1.4 to 51.16 mgCu, from 2.15 to 36.16 mgNi and from 16.33 to 869.19 mgMn kg–1. In waste samples quantities of the same elements equalled 45.55–67.38 mgCr, 19.5–244.74 mgCu, 4.96–22.15 mgNi and 30.75–369.11 mgMn kg–1. Vertical distributions of examined metals were determined in each of soil profiles. The research revealed heavy metal pollution of studied soil. Influence of the historical smelter on the pollution is inferred, which changed soil environment to dangerous for humans, especially due to close proximity of abandoned industry to built-up and recreation areas as well as community gardens.

PL

Przeprowadzono wstępne badania zanieczyszczenia metalami ciężkimi (Cr, Cu, Ni i Mn) w 22 próbkach pobranych z 4 profili leśnych gleb bielicowych oraz 5 próbkach odpadów pohutniczych pobranych z 3 punktów w rejonie historycznego hutnictwa cynku w Jaworznie (południowa Polska). Wykonano pomiary pH oraz analizy XRD. Zawartość pierwiastków śladowych oznaczono, stosując optyczny spektrometr plazmowy (ICP-OES) po wczeoeniejszym zmineralizowaniu próbek w stężonym HNO3 (65 % Suprapur) i HCl (30 % Suprapur). Badane materiały miały odczyn od ekstremalnie kwaśnego do obojętnego, w większości bardzo kwaśny. Całkowita zawartość pierwiastków śladowych w badanych glebach wahała się w szerokim zakresie: od 21,91 do 119,32 mgCr, od 1,4 do 51,16 mgCu, od 2,15 do 36,16 mgNi i od 16,33 do 869,19 mgMn kg–1. W materiale odpadowym zawartości badanych pierwiastków wynosiły: 45,55–67,38 mgCr, 19,5–244,74 mgCu, 4,96–22,15 mgNi i 30,75–369,11 mgMn kg–1. W badaniach określono również pionową zmienność zawartości metali w poszczególnych profilach glebowych. Wykryte zawartości metali ciężkich świadczą o silnym zanieczyszczeniu gleb. Wskazano na dawną działalność hutniczą jako na źródło tego zanieczyszczenia, które może stanowić zagrożenie dla mieszkańców, ze względu na bliskie sąsiedztwo zamkniętej huty z obszarami zabudowanymi i rekreacyjnymi oraz ogrodami działkowymi.

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Mechanism of rhabdophane-(La) and lanthanite-(La) formation during reduction of bioavailabe nutrients in water based on SEM and XRD study

Szopa K., Banasik K., Krzykawski T.

Contemporary Trends in Geoscience

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2012

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Vol. 1, iss. 1

99--102

EN

This study presents results of SEM and XRD investigation of products formed after La-rich bentonite application into water containing PO43- and CO32- ions. The main product of the investigated reaction with phosphate and carbonate anions is rabdophane-(La) and lanthanite-(La), respectively. Studied material has adaptation in many water reservoirs only for phosphorus ions reduction. Further studies might find application in case of reduction others hazardous ions. They could be precipitated in the same fast and effective way, to other stable, nontoxic mineral phases.

PL

Niniejszy artykuł traktuje o możliwości redukcji nutrientów (np. PO43-, CO32-) za pomocą bentonitu wzbogaconego w lantan. Jak dotąd jedynym zastosowaniem wspomnianego bentonitu jest redukcja jonów fosfonowych w środowiskach wodnych (np. jeziora, rzeki, zastoiska) do stabilnego i nietoksycznego związku mineralnego jakim jest rabdofan-(La). Na podstawie analiz SEM oraz XRD wykazano, że badany materiał umożliwia również redukcję jonów węglanowych do stabilnej i nietoksycznej fazy mineralnej-węglanowej (lantanit-(La)). Dalsze studia nad bentonitem lantanowym, poczynione względem innych, niepożądanych jonów (np. jonów azotanowych czy arsenianowych) mogą przynieść odpowiedzi względem ewentualnego i dalszego, środowiskowego zastosowania bentonitu lantanowego.