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Thermodynamic theory for couple stress

Verhas J.

Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Świętokrzyskiej. Mechanika

1998

Z. 66

247-255

Cauchy's stress is usually assumed symmetric, nevertheless, in a lot of important phenomena, it has antisymmetric part, too. The skew-symmetric part of the stress is ruled by the balance aquation of angular momentum; it is related to the torque density, the rate of the - so called - internal moment of moment, and the couple stress. Couple stress can occur even in isotropic materials; induced by irreversible processes - structural relaxations coupled to macroscopic mechanical motion. If the local structure of the flowing medium may be characterzed by second order pseudo (axial) tensors the linear Onsager equations display couple streaa joined to the gradient of the angular velocity. This work derives the corresponding constitutive equations and show that the theory applies to materials containing particles like elastic slender bars. Such particles may be the fibers in fiber reinforced materials, etc.; solids - fiber reinforced structural materials - may be assumed as limit cases.