Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Multi-domain battle : new doctrine of the United States Armed Forces

Wójtowicz T., Król D.

Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Sztuki Wojennej

|

2018

|

nr 3(112)

64--78

EN

This article describes the newest doctrine of the U.S. Armed Forces, i.e. the Multi- Domain Battle (MDB) concept. It constitutes a description of several operational principles related to a potential conflict with the People’s Republic of China or the Russian Federation, such as the time and space for conducting military operations, the operating environment, the forces (base of operations), the target, the concentration of forces and the operational leeway. The article looks at the origins of the doctrine, the circumstances under which it was formed and people who contributed to its development. The authors also refer to historical U.S. doctrines, such as the AirLand Battle or AirSea Battle concepts. Along with the authors’ enthusiastic approach to MDB, the article also features some critical opinions which imply that the U.S. Army is not ready for MDB operations. The research methods that were used by the authors included analysis, synthesis, comparison and generalisation. Much space is devoted to analysing the U.S. Army’s official documents, including Multi-Domain Battle: Evolution of Combined Arms for the 21st Century 2025-2040, FM 3-0 Operations and TRADOC Multi-Domain Battle: Combined Arms for the 21st Century. The authors believe that Multi-Domain Battle is about to become the official military doctrine of the U.S. Armed Forces. In spite of the criticism, transformations of individual combat teams in the MDB spirit should be expected in the upcoming years. This doctrine also provides a military response to the geo-political changes occurring in the world, manifested as the United State’s limited role in certain regions, China’s growing power and Russia’s aggressive foreign policy. The conclusions formulated in the article may serve as the starting point for further studies dealing, inter alia, with the Polish Army’s readiness for conducting military operations, based on the MDB doctrine, jointly with the U.S. Army, the Polish Anti-Access/Area Denial (A2AD) capabilities and the role of military technologies in the MDB doctrine. The article makes use of the exact translation of the term, i.e. “Multi-Domain Battle.” However, the reader should bear in mind that it describes capabilities not only at the tactical level but also in operational terms, enabling the accomplishment of the strategic objective.

2

Stechiometryczny równowagowy model zgazowania osadów ściekowych z wykorzystaniem powietrza atmosferycznego

Król D., Gałko G.

Przemysł Chemiczny

|

2018

|

T. 97, nr 10

1698--1702

PL

Przedstawiono koncepcję obliczeniową stechiometrycznego modelu równowagowego zgazowania osadów ściekowych. Wykorzystano równania stechiometryczne i stałe równowagi. Wartość opałowa gazu zależała od zawartości CO, H2 i CH4. Wyniki otrzymane z eksperymentu pozostawały w korelacji z wynikami z obliczeń.

EN

Sewage sludge was gasified with air to CO, CO2, MeH, H2 and O2-contg. gas. The process was modeled math. to est. the gas compn. A good agreement of exptl. and calcd. data was achieved.

3

Wyznaczanie kluczowych wskaźników wydajności procesu produkcyjnego - część I: badania teoretyczne

Bartecki K., Król D., Skowroński J.

Pomiary Automatyka Robotyka

|

2018

|

R. 22, nr 3

5--13

PL

Kluczowe wskaźniki wydajności są zdefiniowane jako zestaw metryk umożliwiających ocenę różnych aspektów funkcjonowania procesu produkcyjnego. Należą do nich m.in. takie wskaźniki, jak przepustowość linii produkcyjnej, dostępność oraz wydajność maszyn i ich operatorów, czy też jakość wytwarzanych produktów. W pierwszej części artykułu omówiono hierarchiczną, trójpoziomową strukturę wskaźników wydajności, zgodnie z którą wartości wskaźników podstawowych wyznaczane są na podstawie wskaźników bezpośrednich, na które składają się planowane wielkości charakteryzujące proces produkcyjny oraz ich wartości rzeczywiste, zmierzone bezpośrednio na stanowiskach produkcyjnych. Opierając się na wartościach wskaźników podstawowych, wyznaczane są następnie wartości wskaźników złożonych, umożliwiających syntetyczną ocenę efektywności wykorzystania maszyn oraz zasobów ludzkich zaangażowanych w proces produkcyjny. Znajomość wartości tych wskaźników umożliwia analizę bieżącej kondycji procesu produkcyjnego oraz podjęcie ewentualnych działań naprawczych. Wyniki badań przemysłowych, polegających na oryginalnej implementacji przedstawionej metody zostaną omówione w drugiej części artykułu.

EN

Key performance indicators are defined as a set of metrics allowing assessment of the production process performance. These metrics include e.g. throughput of the production line, availability and effectiveness of the machines and their operators, as well as the quality of manufactured products. The first part of the paper discusses a hierarchical, three-level structure of the performance indicators in which the values of the so-called basic indicators are determined both based on the production plans as well as from the measurements carried out directly at the production units. Based on the values of the basic indicators, the values of the comprehensive indicators are determined to be used as a synthetic assessment of the effectiveness of the use of machines and human resources. These indicators allow gathering knowledge on the current condition of the production process as well as taking possible corrective actions aimed at improving its functioning. The results of the industrial research based on the original implementation of the presented theory will be discussed in the second part of the paper.

4

Fusing the electromagnetic articulograph, high-speed video cameras and a 16-channel microphone array for speech analysis

Mik Ł., Lorenc A., Król D., Wielgat R., Święciński R., Jędryka R.

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences

|

2018

|

Vol. 66, nr 3

257--266

EN

Electromagnetic articulography (EMA) is one of the instrumental phonetic research methods used for recording and assessing articulatory movements. Usually, articulographic data are analysed together with standard audio recordings. This paper, however, demonstrates how coupling the articulograph with devices providing other types of information may be used in more advanced speech research. A novel measurement system is presented that consists of the AG 500 electromagnetic articulograph, a 16-channel microphone array with a dedicated audio recorder and a video module consisting of 3 high-speed cameras. It is argued that synchronization of all these devices allows for comparative analyses of results obtained with the three components. To complement the description of the system, the article presents innovative data analysis techniques developed by the authors as well as preliminary results of the system’s accuracy.

5

Towards the automatic acoustical avian monitoring system

Wielgat R., Król D., Potempa T., Kozioł P., Lisowska-Lis A.

Tarnowskie Colloquia Naukowe. Nauki Techniczne i Ścisłe

|

2017

|

T. 4, nr 3

17--38

EN

One of the crucial aspects of the environmental protection is continuous monitoring of environment. Specific aspect is estimation of the bird species population. It is particularly important for bird species being in danger of extinction. Avian monitoring programs are time and money consuming actions which usually base on terrain expeditions. Certain remedy for this can be automatic acoustical avian monitoring system, described in the paper. Main components of the designed system are: digital audio recorder for bird voices acquisition, computer program automatically recognizing bird species by its signals emitted (voices or others) and object-relational database accessed via the Internet. Optional system components can be: digital camera and camcorder, bird attracting device, wireless data transmission module, power supply with solar panel, portable weather station. The system records bird voices and sends the recordings to the database. Recorded bird voices can be also provoked by the attracting device. Application of wireless data transmission module and power supply with solar panel allows long term operation of digital sound recorder in a hard accessible terrain. Recorded bird voices are analysed by the computer program and labelled with the automatically recognized bird species. Recognition accuracy of the program can be optionally enhanced by an expert system. Besides of labelled sound recordings, database can store also many other information like: photos and films accompanying recorded bird voices/ sounds, information about localization of observation/ recordings (GPS position, description of a place of an observation), information about bird features and behaviour, meteorological information, etc. Database on the base of geographical/ geological digital maps can generate actual maps of bird population (presence, number of individuals of each species). Moreover data-base can trigger alerts in case of rapidly decreasing bird population. It is also possible to obtain new knowledge about bird species with data mining methods. The paper presents collected data on observed bird species (audio recordings, photos and films) as well as results of experiments testing particular components of the automatic acoustical avian monitoring system.

6

Acoustic field distribution in speech with the use of the microphone array

Król D., Lorenc A.

Tarnowskie Colloquia Naukowe. Nauki Techniczne i Ścisłe

|

2017

|

T. 4, nr 3

9--16

EN

This article presents a 16-channel microphone-array recorder/processor that allows for a simultaneous and non-invasive detection of oral, oronasal and nasal segments in speech. Such devices and methods have not been used in the research on the articulation of sounds in the world’s languages. In this paper analysis of Polish nasal vowel was presented. Adaptive beamforming method used for rendering three-dimensional acoustic fields of the recorded audio data has been shown.

7

Projekt koncepcyjny bazy danych do przechowywania nagrań z badań artykulograficznych mowy polskiej

Wielgat R., Jędryka R., Mik Ł., Król D.

Science, Technology and Innovation

|

2017

|

Vol. 1, no. 1

64--72

PL

W artykule opisano strukturę i funkcjonalność bazy danych artykulograficznych do przechowywania danych z badań przeprowadzanych z wykorzystaniem artykulografu elektromagnetycznego, kamery akustycznej i 3 kamer wideo. Baza danych umożliwia selektywne pobieranie różnych typów danych, w szczególności dotyczących mówcy, sesji nagraniowej, nagrań oraz eksperymentów. Opisano strukturę i budowę bazy danych. Przedstawiono również potencjalne przyszłe zastosowania do przeprowadzania analiz statystycznych oraz w eksperymentach dotyczących inwersji mowy z wykorzystaniem modeli sieci Bayesa.

EN

The article describes the structure and functionality of the articulographic database for storing data from articulographic research using an electromagnetic articulograph, an acoustic camera and 3 video cameras. The database enables selective extraction of various types of data for scientific research and interoperates with programs that carry out experiments. Structure and construction of the database is described. Potential future application in statistical analysis and experiments on speech inversion using dynamic Bayesian networks (DBN) was also presented.

8

Badania zgazowania osadów ściekowych

Król D., Gałko G.

Przemysł Chemiczny

|

2017

|

T. 96, nr 2

341--342

PL

Wysuszony osad ściekowy pochodzący z oczyszczalni ścieków został zgazowany powietrzem w temp. 700-800°C w gazogeneratorze o maksymalnej mocy 5 kW. Wytworzony gaz syntezowy miał kaloryczność 3,98 MJ/m3 i zawierał H2 (4,01-5,22%), CH4 (2,81-4,22%) oraz CO (14,28-17,58%).

EN

Dried sewage sludge from a wastewater treatment plant was air-gasified at 700-800°C in a 5 kW gas generator. The syngas had a calorific value up to 3.98 MJ/m3 and contained H2 (4.01-5.22%), CH4 (2.81-4.22%) and CO (14.28-17.58%). The results agreed with those described by J.W. Judex et al. (2012).

9

Combusting fuel formed from waste. Reduction in emission of chromium, nickel and lead

Król D., Poskrobko S.

Environment Protection Engineering

|

2017

|

Vol. 43, nr 1

101--112

EN

Thermal waste treatment processes dramatically reduce their volume and mass. Unfortunately, they also cause environmental nuisance associated with emissions of harmful substances. The emissions of toxic heavy metals into the air are of particular interest. Low effectiveness of dust extraction equipment for submicron size particles does not provide ecological safety. The paper presents the results of heavy metal (chromium, nickel and lead) emissions from fuel formed from waste combustion. It presents the possibility of reducing that emission by binding heavy metals in the residue scraper. As immobilising metal additives, substances such as: V2O5 and Na2B4O7 were used. Obtained reduction of heavy metal emission was of up to tens percent. In a series of studies, where in addition to Na2B4O7 and V2O5, CaCO3 was added, an additional effect of metal retention in the residue scraper was obtained. Chalk binds chlorine released from the fuel combustible material, which in turn prevents the transformation of heavy metals to form chlorides. Binding of hydrogen chloride from the gas atmosphere of the boiler to calcium chloride, eliminates the ability to create heavy metal chlorides. Addition of chalk reduces also its HCl emission and thus minimizes corrosion of the boiler components.

10

Paliwa biomasowe o podwyższonej kaloryczności

Król D., Poskrobko S., Tokarz Z., Gościk J., Wasiak A.

Archiwum Gospodarki Odpadami i Ochrony Środowiska

|

2017

|

Vol. 19, nr 3

11--16

PL

Ogólnoświatowy trend w produkcji energii, w całkowitym bilansie jej produkcji, jest ukierunkowany na zwiększanie ilości energii pozyskiwanej z odnawialnych źródeł energii (OZE). Biomasie – niezależnie od źródła – przypisuje się największe znaczenie wśród nośników energii odnawialnej. W pracy zaprezentowano preparat, wytworzony w procesie krakingu z recyklatu odpadowych poliolefin. Preparat ten dodawany do biomasy, znacznie podwyższa jej kaloryczność, a podczas jej granulowania/brykietowania spełnia rolę lepiszcza, oraz tworzy warstwę ochronną uniemożliwiającą chłonięcie wody z otoczenia. Podwyższa wartość opałową paliwa.

EN

In total energy production balance, the global trend of energy production is geared towards increasing the amount of energy generated from renewable energy sources. Biomass - no matter the source – is the most importantly attributed to carriers of renewable energy. The preparation, which was presented in this publication, is produced in the cracking process from the waste poliolefin. This preparation added to biomass significantly increases its caloric content. During the granulating process of biomass, this preparation acts as a binder and creates the protective layer making impossible absorbing water from surroundings. This preparation causes an increase the caloricity of the fuel.

11

Wood waste as components of fuels used in cement plants

Urbaniak-Konik E., Król D.

Drewno : prace naukowe, doniesienia, komunikaty

|

2016

|

vol. 59, nr 197

213--221

EN

This paper presents fuel molding technologies (PAS-i and PAS-r) with the participation of wood waste. These fuels are manufactured specifically for cement plants. The final product in the form of fuel derived from waste, meets the requirements of the recipient. In PAS-i fuel (Impregnated Solid Alternative Fuel), wood waste (sawdust) forms a matrix, to which slug and greasy waste materials are applied. Fuel PAS-r (Shredded Solid Alternative Fuel) is formed from combustible industrial and municipal waste which include wood waste groups. Fuel PAS-r is produced in the BMH installation. The presented tables include physical and chemical properties of PAS-r and PAS-i (fuels from waste) with respect to standards imposed by cement plants. Production of fuels from waste provides opportunities for managing types of wood waste that cannot be used otherwise.

12

The study of waste wood biomass as a biofuel in the context of boiler operational problems – slagging and high-temperature corrosion

Król D., Borsukiewicz-Gozdur A., Poskrobko S.

Drewno : prace naukowe, doniesienia, komunikaty

|

2016

|

vol. 59, nr 197

256--264

EN

This paper presents the melting characteristics of ash from different residual forest biomass - wood pellets, oak chips, coniferous bark, deciduous tree bark, wet sawdust and non-sorted blueberries. The melting temperatures of ash in reducing and oxidizing atmospheres were similar and did not differ by more than 10°C to 30°C. These values were within a range of 1230°C to 1330°C, and for the blueberry it was more than 1500°C. Only ash pellets melted in a reducing atmosphere at a temperature of 1280°C, and in an oxidizing temperature at 1430°C. To compare, determination tests were also performed for ash from “agro” biomass waste. Ash melting temperatures for biomass composites of agricultural origin (made in an oxidizing atmosphere), turned out to be lower than the temperatures of ash from wood biomass. In the results of the presented elemental analysis, the share of chlorine and sulphur and the impact S/Cl on high temperature corrosion processes were indicated. On the basis of the results for all the tested types of biomass, the calculated ratio S/Cl was below the value of 2.0. This means that the tested biofuels do not meet the safe use of biofuels detailed in the energy sector criterium (from the point of view of boiler operation).

13

Gasification of waste wood biomass

Poskrobko S., Król D., Borsukiewicz-Gozdur A.

Drewno : prace naukowe, doniesienia, komunikaty

|

2016

|

vol. 59, nr 197

241--248

EN

This paper presents the results of the gasification of sawmill waste – pine sawdust, deciduous sawdust, bark pine, wet sawdust and wood pellets. The moisture content of the waste in the test varied from 9 to 48%. The higher the moisture of biofuels, the lower the quality of the energy. This was confirmed by the results of the fuel property analysis, which are presented in the paper. The wood biomass gasification process was carried out in a compact bed gasifier with a power of 5 kW. The gasifying factor was the air fed to the bed through a grid sieve from the bottom of the gasifier. The research showed that the shares of flammable components in the resulting gas generator varied, resulting in differing calorific contents. Studies have shown that the gasification of wood biomass (even with a large moisture load, allows it to be transformed into a low-calorie fuel gas. The gasification of wood waste with a moisture content level of 9-11% only resulted in a larger share of combustible components in the gas generator. In the case of the pellets, the syngas contained 30% carbon monoxide, 12% methane and 8% hydrogen.

14

Projekt nowoczesnego demonstratora symulatora dla operatorów pojazdów szynowych

Brona P., Dąbrowski A., Koszela J., Król D., Szafrański Z., Wantoch-Rekowski R.

TTS Technika Transportu Szynowego

|

2015

|

R. 22, nr 1-2

41--49

PL

Symulatory pojazdów szynowych odgrywają istotną rolę w procesie szkolenia maszynistów kolejowych. W artykule przedstawiono wybrane symulatory dostępne w Polsce oraz omówiono koncepcję nowego symulatora opracowanego w ramach projektu finansowanego przez Narodowe Centrum Badań i Rozwoju.

EN

Rail vehicle simulators play an important role in train drivers training. The paper presents selected simulators available in Poland, and explains the concept of a new simulator developed in the framework of a project funded by the National Centre for Research and Development.

15

Wykorzystanie analizy składowych niezależnych do automatycznej eliminacji artefaktów mrugania oczami

Król D., Kołodziej M., Majkowski A., Rak R.J.

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

|

2014

|

R. 90, nr 8

192-194

PL

W artykule przedstawiono metodę identyfikacji i eliminacji artefaktów mrugania oczami z sygnału EEG z wykorzystaniem technik analizy składowych niezależnych i statystyk wyższych rzędów. Najistotniejszą cechą proponowanej metody jest fakt, że może ona być stosowana w sposób automatyczny, bez nadzoru użytkownika.

EN

This paper presents a method to identify and eliminate artifacts from EEG signal using independent component analysis and higher-order statistics. The key feature of the proposed method is that it can be applied in automatic manner, without user supervision.

16

Energia z odpadowej biomasy tartacznej i rolniczej

Król D., Borsukiewicz-Gozdur A.

Archiwum Gospodarki Odpadami i Ochrony Środowiska

|

2014

|

Vol. 16, nr 3

87--94

PL

Biomasie – niezależnie od źródła – przypisuje się największe znaczenie wśród nośników energii odnawialnej. Energetyka jest zobligowana aktami prawnymi do zwiększenia udziału energii pochodzącej z odnawialnych źródeł, w bilansie paliwowo energetycznym Polski. W pracy przedstawia się charakterystykę paliwową tartacznych odpadów drzewnych o dużym stopniu wilgotności i kilku rodzajów biomasy pochodzenia rolniczego. Wyniki badań wskazują na możliwość wykorzystania różnych odpadów biomasowych (nawet w stanie roboczym, a więc o znacznym stopniu zawilgocenia) do procesów termicznych przemian. Przedstawiono również wartości stosunków udziałów masowych siarki do chloru w substancji palnej biopaliw, aby ocenić czy z punktu widzenia eksploatacji kotłów, spełniają one bezpieczne kryterium.

EN

Biomass- no matter the source- has been acknowledged as the transporter of energy of crucial importance. The energy industry is obliged by the law to enlarge the share of energy from renewable resources in the fuel energetic balance of Poland. The paper presents fuel characteristics of sawmill wood waste with high humidity and some types of agricultural biomass. The results of the research indicate the possibility to use different biomass waste ( even in the working state, so with high level of humidity) for thermal conversion processes. Ratios of the weight fractions of sulfur to chlorine in flammable substance of biofuels are also presented in order to assess whether from the point of view of the boilers operation they meet safe criterion.

17

Quasi-anechoic measurement of loudspeakers using beamforming method

Król D., Wielgat R.

Elektronika : konstrukcje, technologie, zastosowania

|

2013

|

Vol. 54, nr 2

32-36

EN

This paper describes results of the research on enhancement of loudspeaker impulse response measurement in small room. Proposed enhancement is a combination of MLS (Maximum Length Sequence) algorithm and Delay-Sum Beamforming in order to measure frequency response of loudspeakers even in very small and poorly suppressed rooms. Application of the beamforming algorithm allows the extension measure of impulse response by damping reflections from walls, floor and ceiling.

PL

W artykule opisano wyniki badań dotyczących poprawy jakości pomiaru odpowiedzi impulsowej głośników dokonywanego w małym pomieszczeniu. Proponowana metoda poprawy jakości pomiaru jest połączeniem algorytmu MLS (ang. maximum-length sequence) oraz kształtowania wiązki na zasadzie sumowania opóźnionych sygnałów (ang. delay-sum beam-forming) w celu pomiaru charakterystyki amplitudowo-częstotliwościowej głośników nawet w bardzo małych i słabo wyciszonych pomieszczeniach. Zastosowanie algorytmu kształtowania wiązki umożliwia pomiar odpowiedzi impulsowej poprzez wytłumienie odbić od ścian, podłogi i sufitu.

18

Doświadczenia eksploatacyjne produkcji paliw formowanych z odpadów

Król D.

Rynek Energii

|

2012

|

Nr 1

130--135

PL

W artykule przedstawiono proces produkcji paliw, bazujący na odpadach komunalnych i przemysłowych. Odpady zawierające substancje palne, po przetworzeniu ich w paliwa mogą podlegać recyklingowi energetycznemu - do produkcji energii. W ten sposób zmniejsza się ich ilość, która trafiłaby na składowiska, wykorzystując zmagazynowaną w nich energię. Paliwa takie stosowane są w Polsce w cementowniach, przez co minimalizuje się zużycie paliw konwencjo-nalnych. Opisane cykle formowania paliw z odpadów - Pas’r, dotyczyły dwóch różnych kompozycji wsadowych. Przedsta-wiono bilans produkcyjny paliw Pas’r 1 i Pas’r 2. Badaniom poddano odpady wtórne (poprocesowe) usuwane przez kolejne urządzenia instalacji, by możliwe było wskazanie kierunku ich wykorzystania lub unieszkodliwienia.

EN

The paper presents the process of fuel production, basing on municipal and industry waste. Waste containing combustible substances, after processing them into fuels may be a subject of energetical recycyling- to produce energy. Thus their amount is minimized, which number may have been placed in landfills, using energy accumulated in them. Such fuels are used in Poland incement factories, which minimizes the use of conventional fuels. The cycles of forming fuels from waste mentioned in the paper- Pas’r, included two different batch compositions. Balance of fuel production Pas'r 1 and Pas'r 2 is presented. Secondary wastes were tested (after processing), which were removed by subsequent units of installation, to enable direction indication of their use or disposal.

19

Problem-Independent Approach to Multiprocessor Dependent Task Scheduling

Król D., Zydek D., Koszałka L.

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications

|

2012

|

Vol. 58, No. 4

369-379

EN

This paper concerns Directed Acyclic Graph task scheduling on parallel executors. The problem is solved using two new implementations of Tabu Search and genetic algorithm presented in the paper. A new approach to solution coding is also introduced and implemented in both metaheuristics algorithms. Results given by the algorithms are compared to those generated by greedy LPT and SS-FF algorithms; and HAR algorithm. The analysis of the obtained results of multistage simulation experiments confirms the conclusion that the proposed and implemented algorithms are characterized by very good performance and characteristics.

20

Interactive cloud data farming environment for military mission planning support

Kryza B., Król D., Wrzeszcz M., Dutka L., Kitowski J.

Computer Science

|

2012

|

Vol. 13 (3)

89-100

EN

In a modern globalised world, military and peace keeping forces often face situations which require very subtle and well planned operations taking into account cultural and social aspects of a given region and its population as well as dynamic psychological awareness related to recent events which can have impact on the attitude of the civilians. The goal of the EUSAS project is to develop a prototype of a system enabling mission planning support and training capabilities for soldiers and police forces dealing with asymmetric threat situations, such as crowd control in urban territory. In this paper, we discuss the data-farming infrastructure developed for this project, allowing generation of large amount of data from agent based simulations for further analysis allowing soldier training and evaluation of possible outcomes of different rules of engagement.