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The bactericidal effect of extracts from Humulus lupulus l marynka variety on selected bacteria

Rył Bartosz, Sporek Monika, Krzyśko-Łupicka Teresa

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. A

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2020

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Vol. 27, nr 1-2

1--11

EN

The aim of the research was to obtain extracts of Humulus lupulus L hop cones of the Marynka variety and to evaluate their antibacterial properties against three strains of gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli ATCC 10536, E. coli IPS and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853) and against two strains of gram-positive bacteria (Enterococcus hirae ATCC 10541 and Bacillus cereus ATCC 12826). The research material consisted of dried Marynka variety hop cones, from which extracts in the form essential oil (EO), infusion and decoction were obtained. EO was obtained in the process of hydrodistillation. The antibacterial activity of the extracts was evaluated by the plate-cylinder diffusion method against the tested gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Diverse antibacterial activity of water extracts of H. lupulus L hop cones of the Marynka variety (essential oil, infusion and decoction) on the tested bacteria was demonstrated, with higher sensitivity of gram-positive than gram-negative bacteria. The highest resistance to hop extracts was demonstrated by P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853. The best antibacterial properties were demonstrated by the essential oil at a concentration of 2.0 %. In the group of gram-positive bacteria, E. hirae ATCC 10541 was more sensitive to EO, and E. coli IPS in the group of gram-negative bacteria. In the case of B. cereus ATCC 12826, the sensitivity to infusions and decoctions of hop cones requires further investigation, as the obtained large zones of growth inhibition were unstable.

2

Evaluation of chemical composition of essential oils derived from different Pelargonium species leaves

Szutt Adriana, Dołhańczuk-Śródka Agnieszka, Sporek Monika

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. S

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2019

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Vol. 26, nr 4

807--816

EN

Plants have been used for their aromatic and medicinal purposes for centuries. The genus Pelargonium contains about 250-280 species and cultivated around the world for the production of essential oils and absolutes. Pelargonium species are remarkable for their odour diversity, from fresh, lemon and minty scent, through floral, rose, fruity up to spicy and camphoreous smell as well as many health beneficial properties, that is why their essential oils are widely used in perfume, cosmetic, food and pharmaceutical industries. The aim of this study was to determine variability in populations of Pelargonium genus by evaluating their differences in quantitative and qualitative essential oils compositions. This study determined that of all the examined essential oil, the one of P. graveolens indoor cultivar has the closest C:G ratio (1.16) which makes it a very valuable product. In comparison with available literature, beside the geographical region of plant growth, all essential oils from P. graveolens contain a diverse range of compounds, nevertheless, in every single one, geraniol and citronellol are present in the most significant fraction of the total oil. The examined P. roseum essential oil was characterized by the highest level of citronellol (44.62 % of total oil), but it can be due to the chemical reactions (conversion geraniol into citronellol) occurring in stored product.

3

Effect of the cement and limestone industry on the chemical properties of water beneath tree canopies

Sporek Monika

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. A

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2018

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Vol. 25, nr 2

207--214

EN

This study is a continuation of earlier research aimed at determining the changes in the quality of precipitation beneath the canopy in pine stands affected by the emission of alkaline pollutants. This study was conducted in the Gorazdze Forest District, in a forest complex in south-western Poland affected by the cement and limestone industry. The rainwater measurements under the canopy of Scots pine were made according to the methodology of the environmental monitoring. Wet and dry deposits, thus the total pollution load brought into the forest ecosystem, were analysed. The pH and electrical conductivity was measured in collected water samples. The results showed differences between precipitation in winter (1.10–31.03 next year; fourth and first quarters), and in the growth season (during the second and third quarters – 1.04–30.09). Precipitation sampled beneath tree canopies in the winter half year had higher pH than those from the growth season half year (Table 2).

PL

Prowadzone badania są kontynuacją wcześniejszych prac, których celem jest określenie dynamiki zmian jakości wód opadowych pod okapem drzewostanów sosnowych, znajdujących się pod wpływem imisji zanieczyszczeń alkalicznych. W pracy przedstawiono wyniki trzyletniego okresu badawczego, obejmującego lata 2015–2017. Badania prowadzono w kompleksie leśnym w południowo-zachodniej części Polski (Leśnictwo Górażdże), będącym pod wpływem przemysłu cementowo-wapienniczego. Pomiary wody deszczowej pod okapem sosny zwyczajnej wykonano zgodnie z metodologią monitoringu środowiska Analizie podlegał zarówno depozyt mokry jak i suchy, czyli łączny ładunek zanieczyszczeń jaki wnoszony jest do ekosystemów leśnych. W pobranych próbach wody oznaczono odczyn (pH) oraz przewodnośæ elektrolityczną. Trzyletnie badania wykazały znaczne zróżnicowanie odczynu i przewodności elektrolitycznej opadów atmosferycznych. Uzyskane wartości pH mieściły się w przedziale 3,54–7,97 (tab. 1). Wyniki badań wskazują na różnicę między opadami zimowymi (1.10–31.03 następnego roku IV i I kwartał) a opadami w okresie wegetacyjnym (1.04–30.09; II i III kwartał). Opady podokapowe półrocza zimowego miały wyższy odczyn niż w miesiącach przypadających na okres wegetacyjny (tab. 2).