This article provides, first, a review of applications of the ecosystem idea in different computational intelligence methods. The article presents the bases of ecosystem operation and a new concept for modelling the phenomena occurring in an ecosystem, with the aim of using these for optimization purposes. The author’s original form of the Artificial Ecosystem Algorithm (AEA) and its constituent parts are presented. The construction of the proposed algorithm was dedicated for continuous optimisation. The operation of the Artificial Ecosystem Algorithm is also compared with an Evolutionary Algorithm and PSO for six test functions for various numbers of variables. Conclusions concerning operation, structure and complexity of AEA are provided at the end.
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