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Middle Ear Reconstructions : A Mechanical View

Eiber A., Freitag H. G.

Machine Dynamics Problems

2000

Vol. 24, No. 1

63-77

For the development of optimal passive and active middle ear implants a precise mathematical description of hearing process is necessary. Mechanical models are suitable for a proper description of the sound transfer through the middle ear. They offer a clear insight into the complex dynamical behavior and allow a physical interpretation of the phenomena. The procedures and the powerful tools developed for machine dynamics can be successfully applied to the problems in hearing. In a first step the problems are analyzed from the mechanical point of view. Based on three-dimensional mechanical models the normal and impaired hearing is described. Depending on the particular investigation different models have to be generated to give a precise answer. Two realizations of active hearing aids are considered as examples. It is shown, how the frequency-dependent transfer functions are influenced by changing the driving principle and some desing parameters like additional mass attached to the ossicles, position and orientation of the actuator and coupling conditions.