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Microplastics abundance in domestic wastewater as a pollutant source for the Daroy River, Indonesia

Fauzi Mhd., Soewondo Prayatni, Darnas Yeggi, Handajani Marisa, Tedjakusuma Teddy, Nizar Muhammad, Muna Cut R., Nur Ansiha

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2023

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no. 59

118--125

EN

Domestic wastewater in Gampong Garot, Aceh Besar Regency, Aceh Province, Indonesia is directly discharged to the Daroy River without any treatment process. Domestic wastewater from Gampong Garot has been one of the contributors to microplastics contamination in the Daroy River. The microplastics (MPs) contained in domestic wastewater might come from used soaps and detergent products, as well as the scouring of clothes during washing. Thus, this study aims to investigate the abundance of MPs in domestic wastewater in Gampong Garot. The sampling points were determined based on purposive sampling, with samples taken at the end of the main pipe that directly leads to the Daroy River. Organics in domestic wastewater were removed using 30% H2O2 liquid through a digestion process at a temperature of 75°C. MPs characteristics such as size, shape, and colour were visually analysed using a light binocular microscope at 100× magnification, while the polymer type was analysed using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis. The concentration of MPs in domestic wastewater in Gampong Garot was 30.238 ±1.228 particles∙(100 cm)-3 sample. The most common sizes of MPs were found to be in the range of 1,001-5,000 μm, while the dominant colour and shape were transparent and fibre-like. Polyester (PES) was the most detected type of MPs. These findings highlight the need for wastewater treatment before discharge into aquatic bodies.

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Performances of Polyethylene Terephthalate Plastic Bottles Waste as Supporting Media in Domestic Wastewater Treatment Using Aerobic Fixed-Film System

Fauzi Mhd., Soewondo Prayatni, Nur Ansiha, Handajani Marisa, Tedjakusuma Teddy, Oginawati Katharina, Setiyawan Ahmad Soleh

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 24, nr 10

30--39

EN

There has been a lot of research on domestic wastewater treatment utilizing polymer-based supporting media. The purpose of this study is to investigate the removal of organic compounds and nutrients, as well as the kinetics of substrate removal, in a batch aerobic fixed-film system that is fed by artificial domestic wastewater and uses Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) plastic bottles waste as supporting media. The artificial domestics wastewater feeding contains C6H12O6, NH4Cl, and KH2PO4 as carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus sources. Artificial domestics wastewater treatment was performed at COD levels of 200, 300, 400, 500, and 600 (mg/L). The findings demonstrated that an aerobic fixed-film system wastewater treatment with PET-supporting media could remove organics and nutrients. The removal for COD 85.76 ± 0.59%, ammonia 76.59 ± 0.83%, nitrite 76.09 ± 0.66%, nitrate 64.30 ± 0.42%, TN 77.02 ± 0.94%, and TP 86.54 ± 0.68%, with the Singh’s method substrate removal kinetics (k1) is 1.60 ± 0.05/hour. The benefit of supporting media from PET plastic bottle waste is contributing to plastic bottle waste reduction in Indonesia.

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Organic Removal in the Water Body as the Effect of Mineral Wool Installation

Fathuna Inat Shani, Soewondo Prayatni, Prayogo Wisnu, Awfa Dion

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 24, nr 9

345--354

EN

In previous studies, the use of mineral wools as an onsite-supporting media in water bodies showed satisfactory results in removing organic pollutants. However, the analytical method chosen is still very conventional. This study aimed to model the removal of organic pollutants represented by the COD value to determine the mineral performance. The data used in this study included field scale data using two types of mineral wools, namely type I (density 80 kg/m3 and water retention 95%) and type II (density 120 kg/m3 and water retention 92%). There are form variations of mineral wool namely cubes and blocks on each type, which are placed in segments 2, 4, 8, and 9, respectively, on the Cikapayang River. The modeling results show that the most optimal type of mineral wool to remove COD is type II mineral wool-cube form at segment 4 using the first order kinetics equation. The reaction coefficient (k) obtained is 0.5378/s, standard deviation value is 14.532 mg/L COD, and the coefficient of determination is 0.1025. The kinetics value of the reaction removal and equations obtained were used to perform modeling in Matlab R2020b application to determine the dimensions of the mineral wool required to remove pollutants.

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Treatment of Domestic Wastewater on Fixed-Bed Reactor Using Plastic Supporting Media – A Review

Fauzi Mhd., Soewondo Prayatni, Nur Ansiha

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2023

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Vol. 24, iss. 6

276--281

EN

Biofilm processes are increasingly being recognized for the removal of organics and nutrients in domestic wastewater treatment. One system that is often used is the Fixed-Bed Reactor (FBR). This review aimed to analyze wastewater treatment using anoxic-aerobic FBR system with various supporting media. The method used was the descriptive analysis of articles obtained from Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and Springer. The results of the review showed that wastewater treatment with a growth system is able to remove organics and nutrients quite high. The types of polymers used as supporting media for attaching biofilms consisted of PET, PS, HDPE, and LDPE. However, when viewed from the removal efficiency, the supporting media with polymers is superior to PET compared to other types. This is because PET has hydrophobic physicochemical properties which have good adhesion in the initial attachment of microorganisms. In addition, this type of PS polymer also has fairly high organic and nutrient removal efficiency, similarly to other types of polymers such as HDPE, and LDPE.