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1
Content available Software solutions for GMDSS network and equipment
Ilcev S.D.
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
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2022
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Vol. 16 No. 3
463--472
EN
This paper introduces software solutions for communication, equipment control, and management of oceangoing ships for enhanced Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS) network and equipment. This software controls all maritime transmission systems and integrates communications software at level of server and workstations. Equipment control software is used to control and maintained locally or remotely transceivers, transmitters, receivers and other hardware. Special management software is included to process, analyze and exploit the various types of information generated by GMDSS networks and equipment. This papers are also includes the concept of software solutions on radio and satellite GMDSS ship terminals, on radio and satellite GMDSS coast terminals, and as well as in GMDSS Cospas-Sarsat ground terminals. In addition, the cybersecurity system in GMDSS security management is also described in this paper.
2
Content available Architecture of positioning and tracking solutions for maritime applications
Ilcev S.D.
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
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2022
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Vol. 16 No. 3
481--489
EN
This paper discusses the current and new satellite transponders for global tracking and detecting of oceangoing ships, assets, crew, passengers and any moving objects at sea for enhanced vessels traffic control and management. These transponders are able to monitor all maritime assets and to improve safety, security of movements and collision avoidance, especially during very bad weather conditions and visibility. By deployment of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) in integration with Inmarsat, Iridium and other satellite systems in one unit with antenna, it is possible to provide reliable positioning and tracking solutions for civilian maritime, other mobiles and personnel at different Radio Frequency (RF) bands. The existing and forthcoming space and ground segment for positioning and tracking solutions as a modern Satellite Asset Tracking (SAT) onboard ships, and other relating systems are discussed and benefits of these new technologies and solution for improved positioning and tracking are explored.
3
Content available Implementation of Multiple Access Techniques Applicable for Maritime Satellite Communications
Ilcev S. D.
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
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2013
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Vol. 7, no. 4
529--540
EN
In this paper are introduced fundamentals, characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of Multiple Access (MA) employed as transmission techniques in the Maritime Mobile Satellite Communications (MMSC) between ships and Coast Earth Station (CES) via Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO) or Not-GEO satellite constellations. In fixed satellite communication, as a rule, especially in MMSC many users are active at the same time. The problem of simultaneous communications between many single or multipoint mobile satellite users can be solved by using MA technique, such as Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA) and Random (Packet) Division Multiple Access (RDMA). Since the resources of the systems such as the transmitting power and the bandwidth are limited, it is advisable to use the channels with complete charge and to create a different MA to the channel. This generates a problem of summation and separation of signals in the transmission and reception parts, respectively. Deciding this problem consists in the development of orthogonal channels of transmission in order to divide signals from various users unambiguously on the reception part.
4
Content available remote Shipborne Satellite Antenna Mount and Tracking Systems
Ilcev S.D.
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
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2012
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Vol. 6, no. 2
165--173
EN
In this papers are introduced the very sensitive components of the ship’s antenna tracking sys-tem as the weakest chain of the Maritime Mobile Satellite Service (MMSS). Also are presented the complete components of Ship Earth Station (SES), such as antenna system and transceiver with peripheral and control subsystems independent of ship motion. The communications Mobile Satellite Antennas (MSA) for Maritime Satellite Communications (MSC) are relatively large and heavy, especially shipborne directional Inmarsat B and Fleet-77 antenna systems. Over the past two decades the directional antenna system, which comprises the mechanical assembly, the control electronic and gyroscope, the microwave electronic package and the anten-nas assembly (dish, arrays and steering elements), is reduced considerably in both physical size and weight. These reductions, brought about be greater EIRP from satellite transponders coupled with GaAs-FET tech-nology at the front end the receiver leading to higher G/N RF amplifiers, has made the redesigning, adopting and installing of shipborne antennas even on tracks and airplanes a reality.
5
Content available remote Surface Reflection and Local Environmental Effects in Maritime and other Mobile Satellite Communications
Ilcev S. D.
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
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2011
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Vol. 5, no. 4
441--451
EN
This paper introduces the effects of surface reflections and local environmental as very im-portant particulars for mobile and especially for Maritime Satellite Communications (MSC), because such factors generally tend to impair the performance of satellite communications links, although signal enhance-ments are also occasionally observed. Local environmental effects include shadowing and blockage from ob-jects and vegetation near the Ship Earth Station (SES) and other mobile terminals. The advantages and disad-vantages of those effects are discussed, the areas of surface reflection were examined and the further investigations of local environmental are provided. At this point, surface reflections are generated either in the immediate vicinity of the SES terminals or from distant reflectors, such as mountains and large industrial in-frastructures. Specific issues related to these challenges are concluded and a set of solutions is proposed to maximize the availability of satellite communication capacity to the mobile user applications. The specific ef-fects on propagation in the mobile environments are examined and explained important characteristics of the Interference from Adjacent Satellite Systems, Specific Local Environmental Influence in MSC, different Noise Contribution of Local Ships’ Environment, Blockages Caused by Ship Superstructures and Motion of Ship’s Antenna.
6
Content available remote Maritime Communication, Navigation and Surveillance (CNS)
Ilcev S.D.
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
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2011
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Vol. 5, no. 1
39--50
EN
This paper introduces development and implementation of Maritime Satellite Communications, Navigation and Surveillance (CNS) of GPS or GLONASS for enhancement of safety and emergency systems including security and control of vessels, logistic and freight at sea, on inland waters and the security of crew and passengers on board ships, cruisers, boats, rigs and hovercrafts. These improvements include many appli-cations for the better management and operation of vessels and they are needed more than ever because of world merchant fleet expansion. Just the top 20 world ships registers have more than 40,000 units under their national flags. Above all, the biggest problem today is that merchant ships and their crews are targets of the types of crime traditionally associated with the maritime industries, such as piracy, robbery and recently, a target for terrorist attacks. Thus, International Maritime Organization (IMO) and flag states will have a vital role in developing International Ship and Port Security (ISPS). The best way to implement ISPS is to design an Approaching and Port Control System (APCS) by special code augmentation satellite CNS for all ships in-cluding tracking and monitoring of all vehicle circulation in and out of the seaport area. The establishment of Maritime CNS is discussed as a part of Global Satellite Augmentation Systems (GSAS) of the US GPS and Russian GLONASS for integration of the existing Regional Satellite Augmentation Systems (RSAS) such as the US WAAS, European EGNOS and Japanese MSAS, and for development new RSAS such as the Russian SDMC, Chinese SNAS, Indian GAGAN and African ASAS. This research has also to include RSAS for Aus-tralia and South America, to meet all requirements for GSAS and to complement the services already provid-ed by Differential GPS (DGPS) for Maritime application of the US Coast Guard by development Local Satel-lite Augmentation System (LSAS) in seaports areas.
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