Environmental aspects are of major public concern and are discussed broadly in politics and in the media in Germany. Current discussion focuses on the fuel consumption of passenger cars and thus on their pollution of the atmosphere by carbon dioxide. This paper gives an overview of the amount of carbon dioxide emitted anthropogenically worldwide and in Germany and its possible impact on global warming. It shows the share of passenger cars in these overall emissions and points out some aspects of fuel consumption measurement and calculation from exhaust gas analysis according to legal requirements. A closer look at the main parameters determining the fuel consumption of a midsize passenger car highlights some possible ways to further improve the fuel economy of cars with gasoline engines, concluding with some steps towards the "3-litre-car", a car with a fuel consumption of 3 litres per 100 km (or better), a feature the public is demanding from car manufacturers.
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