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1

Large cruzianid trace fossils in the Ordovician of the peri-Baltic area : the case of the Bukówka Formation (Holy Cross Mountains, Poland)

Stachacz M., Łaska W., Uchman A.

Geological Quarterly

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2018

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Vol. 62, No. 2

400--414

EN

The Middle Ordovician Bukówka Formation, composed of fine-grained quartz sandstones with siltstone intercalations, belongs to the Kielce Region of the Holy Cross Mountains (peri-Baltic palaeogeographic position). It contains trace fossils of low diversity and poor preservation. Particularly noteworthy are the large Cruziana and Rusophycus, that are typical of peri-Gondwanan areas. They consist of casts of bilobate furrows showing diverse preservation. Other trace fossils include mostly horizontal pascichnia, cubichnia, and fodinichnia, but also vertical domichnia. The trace fossil assemblage is typical of the archetypal Cruziana and partly of the Skolithos ichnofacies. Some beds contain abundant orthid brachiopods. The trace fossils and sedimentary structures (horizontal, low-angle and wave ripple cross-laminations, hummocky cross-stratification) suggest deposition on the middle and lower shoreface with storm influence. The poor preservation and low diversity of the trace fossils are related to the homogeneous lithology, low accumulation rate, shallow burial of organic matter and strong bioturbation. Therefore, animals burrowed strongly but mostly in shallow tiers. Thus, the preservation potential of their traces was much lower than in many peri-Gondwanan sections but still higher than in Baltica sedimentary rocks. This explains the provincial differences in ichnofauna during the Ordovician, which at least partly were influenced by the preservation potential.

2

A new etching trace from the Savignone Conglomerate (Oligocene), NW Italy, probably produced by limpet gastropods

Uchman A., Rattazzi B.

Acta Geologica Polonica

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2018

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Vol. 68, no. 4

651--662

EN

A new ichnogenus and ichnospecies (Solealites ovalis) of etching trace is preserved on the surfaces of clasts from the Savignone Conglomerate (Oligocene) in the Palaeogene Piemonte Basin in NW Italy. It is a shallow, oval depression with a central elevation, which was produced probably by limpet gastropods and served as their home scar, but other gastropods or even sea anemones are not excluded as the trace makers. The conglomerate is interpreted as a deposit of a fan delta, whose clasts have been bioeroded in an intertidal and shallow subtidal shore zone and redeposited to the deeper sea.

3

The Stebnyk Formation (Miocene) in the Boryslav-Pokuttya and Sambir nappes of the Ukrainian Carpathians: a record of environmental change in the Carpathian Foredeep

Oszczypko N., Uchman A., Bubniak I.

Geological Quarterly

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2016

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Vol. 60, No. 2

473--492

EN

The late Early–Middle Miocene Stebnyk Formation is a ~600–2000 m thick unit of the Boryslav-Pokuttya and Sambir nappes, which contains a molasse succession of the Carpathian Foredeep incorporated within the marginal part of the Outer Eastern Carpathian accretionary wedge. In the valley of thePrutRiver, between Deliatyn and Lanchyn, the Stebnyk Formation covers the alluvial fan deposits of the Sloboda Conglomerate and the deltaic deposits of the Dobrotiv Formation in the south, and the lagoonal salty clays of the Vorotyscha Formation in the north. The Stebnyk Formation is built of mainly rose, greenish and grey calcareous mudstones intercalated with several variable sandstone beds, including thick-bedded packages. The occurrence of tetrapod footprints and raindrop imprints, as well as the overall red-be character prove prevailing continental conditions during deposition of the formation, which is interpreted as sediments of a delta plain with distributary channels filled by the thick sandstone beds and associated by intercalations of thinner beds referred to channel levees and crevasse splays. The upper part of the Stebnyk Formation contains marine microfossils of the NN4 Zone, and locally to the NN5 Zone, corresponding to the early Badenian transgression in the region. In the regional scale, the Stebnyk Formation shows a polarity of facies, with a high contribution of conglomerates and thick-bedded sandstones in the lower part in the north west and fining to the south east, with transportation from the west and north west. The sediments accumulated in an elongated subsiding zone between the rising Carpathian orogen and the forebulge elevation of the foreland, in a warm and semi-dry climatic conditions corresponding roughly to the Mid-Miocene Climatic Optimum. The accumulation was balanced by a subsidence caused by sinking of the platform slab and by sedimentary loading.

4

Deep-sea mass-flow sediments and their exotic blocks from the Ropianka Formation (Campanian-Paleocene) in the Skole Nappe : a case from the Wola Rafałowska section (SE Poland)

Łapcik P., Kowal-Kasprzyk J., Uchman A.

Geological Quarterly

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2016

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Vol. 60, No. 2

301--316

EN

Flysch deposits of the Ropianka Formation (Wiar and Leszczyny members; Skole Nappe) at Wola Rafałowska include two different sediments that contain exotic pebbles, cobbles and boulders. The first one is a graded conglomerate that contains mostly cobbles of sandstones, gneisses, Štramberk-type limestones, volcanic rocks, pegmatites and ferruginous siltstones. The second one is a pebbly mudstone that contains clasts of sandstones, stone coal, grey mudstones, volcanic rocks, schists, limestones, marls, black mudstones, conglomerates, volcaniclastic rocks and quartz gravels that are floating within a muddy matrix. Genesis of the conglomerate is unclear because it shows features typical of debris flows (poorly sorted, matrix- to clast-supported, large amount of cobble to boulder fraction) as well as high density turbiditic currents (indistinct normal gradation, small amount of cohesive material, crushed clasts that suggest interaction between grains during transportation and at least partly turbulence during flow). The pebbly mudstone represents typical debris flow deposits (large amount of cohesive material, matrix-supported, poorly sorted, lack of grain gradation and traction structures that suggest laminar flow). Limestones occurring in both exotic-bearing sediments show different Upper Jurassic–lowest Cretaceous facies of a carbonate platform, which was involved in the source area of the Skole Basin, along with its basement. They can be interpreted as deposits of: 1) platform-margin reefs and a platform slope: a) partly silicified coral boundstone, b) microbial-coral boundstone, c) silicified sponge-microbial boundstone grading into peloidal-ooidal grainstone with bioclasts, and d) strongly silicified limestone with intraclasts and bioclasts; 2) deeper, platform slope to toe-of-slope area – bioclastic wackstone; 3) inner platform, including: a) partly silicified wackstone with peloids, small intraclasts and bioclasts, and b) microbial bindstone. Moreover, some exotic clasts are built of Albian–Cenomanian wackstone with abundant sponge spicules and planktonic foraminifers, which are interpreted as deeper shelf sediments. Taking into account the geometry of thrust sheets from the site of the exotic-bearing sediments to the edge of the Skole Nappe, along the most probable transportation path, including tectonic/erosional reduction and different variants of slope inclination, the distance of the mass flows attained at least 25–97 km from the shelf edge.

5

Eocene flora and trace fossils from the Hruby Regiel section in the Tatra Mountains (Poland): Taxonomic revision of the Wiktor Kuźniar fossil plant collection

Worobiec G., Jach R., Machaniec E., Uchman A., Worobiec E.

Acta Geologica Polonica

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2015

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Vol. 65, no. 2

203--226

EN

Latest Eocene plant macrofossils and trace fossils collected a century ago by Wiktor Kuźniar are revised and their stratigraphical and palaeoecological meaning is re-considered. They derive from marine limestones and marls cropping out on the northern slope of the Hruby Regiel mountain in the Western Tatra Mountains. Leaves belonging to the families Fagaceae and Lauraceae and fruits of the palm Nypa are recognized. The co-occurrence of the planktonic foraminifer taxa Chiloguembelina cf. gracillima and Globigerinatheca cf. index and fruits of Nypa suggests a latest Eocene age of the fossil flora. The plant assemblage is typical of paratropical or subtropical evergreen forests in a warm and humid subtropical climate, recent counterparts of which occur in southeast Asia. The presence of Nypa is characteristic of mangroves. The good state of preservation of the leaves suggests coastline proximity during sedimentation of the plant-bearing deposits.

6

The Dobrotiv Formation (Miocene) in the Boryslav-Pokuttya and Sambir nappes of the Ukrainian Carpathians : a record of sedimentary environmental change in the development of the Carpathian Foredeep Basin

Oszczypko N., Uchman A., Bubniak I.

Geological Quarterly

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2014

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Vol. 58, No. 3

393--408

EN

The late Early Miocene Dobrotiv Formation, a 700–800-m-thick unit, was deposited in a subsiding platform margin, which become involved in the marginal part of the Outer Eastern Carpathian accretionary wedge. The sedimentary succession from the Sloboda Conglomerate up to the Dobrotiv Formation records a transition from alluvial fan through fan-delta to deltaic deposits, followed by the fluvial plain-channel facies of the Stebnyk Formation. The deltaic deposits are mud-dominated, with poorly developed thickening-up packets of beds. Efficient sediment accumulation was balanced by subsidence caused by subsurface loading. Emerged parts of the deltaic sedimentary system include tetrapod footprints and raindrop imprints. The general absence of mudcracks in the Dobrotiv Formation suggests a humid climate. Deposits of the Sloboda, Dobrotiv and Stebnyk formations form fining- and thinning-upwards clastic wedge successions along the Ukrainian Carpathians.

7

Ocena hydrauliczna warunków pracy sieci wodociągowej w Łężycy w gminie Zielona Góra

Ogiołda E., Uchman A.

Zeszyty Naukowe. Inżynieria Środowiska / Uniwersytet Zielonogórski

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2013

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nr 151 (31)

69--76

PL

Artykuł przedstawia wyniki obliczeń hydraulicznych sieci wodociągowej w Łężycy k. Zielonej Góry przeprowadzonych przy pomocy programu Epanet. Umożliwiły one ocenę parametrów sieci pracującej w warunkach zróżnicowanego zużycia wody – odpowiadającego zarówno wartościom dla stanu istniejącego, jak i dla wariantów symulacyjnych. Uzyskane rezultaty były podstawą wniosków istotnych w prowadzeniu procesu eksploatacji.

EN

The results of water network in Łężyca in Zielona Góra commune carried out with EPANET are presented in this paper. They make possible to evaluate parameters of both current water consumption and simulation calculation – for conditions of water demand designed in future. Conclusions should be important for exploitators of water network.

8

Conventional and high-resolution heavy mineral analyses applied to flysch deposits : comparative provenance studies of the Ropianka (Upper Cretaceous–Paleocene) and Menilite (Oligocene) formations (Skole Nappe, Polish Carpathians)

Salata D., Uchman A.

Geological Quarterly

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2013

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Vol. 57, No. 4

649--664

EN

Conventional and high-resolution analyses of heavy minerals from the gravity flow-deposited sandstones of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the Ropianka (Upper Cretaceous–Paleocene) and Menilite (Oligocene) formations of the Polish Carpathians display similar compositions in terms of mineral species. Zircon, tourmaline, rutile, garnet, staurolite and kyanite belong to the main constituents in both formations. Apatite is common in the Ropianka Fm., while the Menilite Fm. almost lacks this mineral. Furthermore, individual hornblende grains were found in the Ropianka Fm., while andalusite is present only in the Menilite Fm. The Ropianka Fm. is relatively richer in zircon, tourmaline, garnet and apatite, while the Menilite Fm. contains more staurolite and kyanite. Zircon and tourmaline colour and morphological varieties are similar in both formations. The similarities of the heavy mineral assemblages studied suggest origin of these minerals from lithologically similar rocks. Negative correlations between the zircon + tourmaline + rutile (ZTR) values and the content of garnet and staurolite in the Ropianka Fm. may indicate, to a large extent, first-cycle delivery of garnet and staurolite to the formation. Negative, but low, correlation valid only for ZTR and garnet and positive correlations for ZTR and staurolite and kyanite in the Menilite Fm. suggest delivery of these minerals from sedimentary rocks or/and palimpsest sediments. The data obtained on mineral relationships and their morphology suggest mixed first-cycle and recycled provenance of the heavy minerals studied. Additionally, the first-cycle material input seems to be larger during the Ropianka Fm. sedimentation, while during the deposition of Menilite Fm. the contribution of material delivered from erosion of recycled sediments appears more prominent. The heavy mineral evidence suggests a change at the northern margin of the Skole Basin from an immature passive margin with a high relief during sedimentation of the Campanian–Maastrichtian part of the Ropianka Fm. to a mature passive margin with a low relief during sedimentation of the Menilite Fm.

9

Wpływ wezbrań na faunę zamieszkującą aluwia na przykładzie dolnego biegu Dunajca

Mikuś P., Uchman A.

Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego

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2013

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nr 454

71--76

PL

Wahania stanów wód są najważniejszym czynnikiem zaburzającym życie we współczesnych osadach aluwialnych, kontrolującym zróżnicowanie i rozmieszczenie fauny penetrującej aluwia. We współczesnych aluwiach Dunajca największy udział objętościowy mają nory kreta europejskiego (Talpa europaea Linnaeus), dżdżownicy ziemnej (Lumbricus terrestris Linnaeus), kilku gatunków chrząszczy z rodziny biegaczowatych (Carabidae Latreille) i błonkówek (Ammophila Kirby). Zdecydowana większość fauny zamieszkującej osady aluwialne nie wykształciła odpowiednich cech umożliwiających przetrwanie dużych wezbrań, które mogą całkowicie przemodelować brzeg rzeki, czyniąc go nieodpowiednim do rekolonizacji przez kilka miesięcy. Z dużymi wezbraniami najlepiej radzą sobie krety, a ze średnimi – jaskółki brzegówki (Riparia riparia Linnaeus), których głębokie nory umożliwiają zamieszkiwanie przez dłuższy czas, nawet mimo postępującej niewielkiej erozji bocznej brzegów. Dzięki prześledzeniu wywołanych wezbraniami zmian ekosystemu rzecznego Dunajca, zanalizowano wpływ czynników środowiskowych na rozmieszczenie fauny w osadach aluwialnych rzek meandrujących. Ich oddziaływanie zmienia się w zależności od głębokości w profilu aluwiów i odległości od współczesnego koryta rzeki. Na podstawie porównania dwóch profili wczesnoholoceńskich teras Dunajca z osadami deponowanymi na współczesnej równi zalewowej, oceniono przydatność współczesnych struktur bioturbacyjnych w analizie paleośrodowiska aluwialnego.

EN

Water-level fluctuations are the main factor disturbing channel-bank burrowing biota and controlling their diversity and abundance. The most frequently observed burrowers in recent alluvial sediments of the Dunajec River include European mole (Talpa europaea Linnaeus), common earthworm (Lumbricus terrestris Linnaeus), a few species of ground beetles (Carabidae Latreille) and solitary bees (Ammophila Kirby). A large majority of the small organisms inhabiting the alluvial deposits have not developed the appropriate features to survive floods that can completely modify river banks, making them unsuitable to quick re-colonisation for a several months. Best adapted are European mole and bank swallow (Riparia riparia Linnaeus) building their terminal chambers beyond the range of large or medium flood and the progressive erosion of the banks. Changes in the river bank ecosystem of the Dunajec River, caused by floods, were examined in 2010 and 2011. It resulted in an impact of environmental factors on the distribution of fauna in the alluvial sediments of meandering rivers. Their effect varies according to the depth in the alluvial profile and the distance from the recent river channel. Based on comparison of the two Early-Holocene alluvial profiles with the recent deposits of the Dunajec floodplain, an attempt to assess the usefulness of recent bioturbation structures for palaeoenvironmental analysis was made.

10

The trace fossil Lepidenteron lewesiensis (Mantell, 1822) from the Upper Cretaceous of southern Poland

Jurkowska A., Uchman A.

Acta Geologica Polonica

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2013

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Vol. 63, no. 4

611--623

EN

Lepidenteron lewesiensis (Mantell, 1822) is an unbranched trace fossil lined with small fish scales and bones, without a constructed wall. It is characteristic of the Upper Cretaceous epicontinental, mostly marly sediments in Europe. In the Miechów Segment of the Szczecin-Miechów Synclinorium in southern Poland, it occurs in the Upper Campanian–Lower Maastrichtian deeper shelf sediments, which were deposited below wave base and are characterized by total bioturbation and a trace fossil assemblage comprising Planolites, Palaeophycus, Thalassinoides, Trichichnus, Phycosiphon, Zoophycos and Helicodromites that is typical of the transition from the distal Cruziana to the Zoophycos ichnofacies. L. lewesiensis was produced by a burrowing predator or scavenger of fishes. The tracemaker candidates could be eunicid polychaetes or anguillid fishes.

11

Late Maastrichtian foraminiferids and diatoms from the Polish Carpathians (Ropianka Formation, Skole Nappe): a case study from the Chmielnik-Grabówka composite section

Gasiński M. A., Olshtynska A., Uchman A.

Acta Geologica Polonica

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2013

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Vol. 63, no. 4

515--525

EN

Well-preserved foraminiferids have been found in the Chmielnik-Grabówka section (Skole Nappe, Polish Carpathians). The Abathomphalus mayaroensis (late Maastrichtian) and Racemiguembelina fructicosa (earlylate Maastrichtian) standard planktonic foraminiferal biozones have been recognized, based on the occurrence of their respective index species. Sediments of the R. fructicosa Zone contain diatoms, which are a rare component of Cretaceous flysch microfossil assemblages in the Carpathians. The diatom frustules and some foraminiferid tests are pyritized, probably after burial in the sediment, below the redox boundary or in the oxygen-deficient microenvironment inside the frustules or tests of microfossils; the presence of trace fossils and bioturbational structures in the same bed indicate an oxygenated sea floor.

12

Fatrzańska przynależność utworów retyku w profilu "Nad Moreną" (rejon Przysłopu Miętusiego) : korekta stratygrafii hronikum w Tatrach

Gaździcki A., Uchman A.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2012

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Vol. 60, nr 6

333-340

EN

The "Nad Moreną" section (Triassic–Jurassic boundary interval) in the Tatra Mts. was previously ascribed to the Choč Nappe (Hronicum domain) or to the Križna Nappe (Fatricum domain). Microfacies analysis of the Rhaetian limestones proves that they belong to the Fatra Formation, particularly because of the fossil biota assemblages. This study definitely proves the Križna (Fatricum) provenance of the "Nad Moreną" section and corrects stratigraphy of the Choč Nappe (Hronicum domain) in the Tatra Mts.

13

Probable root structures and associated trace fossils from the Lower Pleistocene calcarenites of Favignana Island, southern Italy : dilemmas of interpretation

Uchman A., Ślączka A., Renda P.

Geological Quarterly

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2012

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Vol. 56, No. 4

745–-756

EN

Two types of large, branched structures from the Lower Pleistocene (Calabrian) high-energy calcarenites of Favignana Island are described: Faviradixus robustus gen. et sp. nov. and Egadiradixus rectibrachiatus gen. et sp. nov. They may be interpreted as root structures of large plants, trees and trees or shrubs, respectively. The former taxon co-occurs with the marine animal trace fossils Ophiomorpha nodosa, Ophiomorpha isp., Thalassinoides isp. and Beaconites isp. The interpretation as root structures although tentative is probable and can be related to short emergence episodes for the formation of E. rectibrachiatus or to longer emergence, responsible for the discontinuity at the base of the overlying Tyrrhenian deposits, for F. robustus. Calcified root mats of smaller plants associated with the Tyrrhenian or younger emergence surfaces are common.

14

Heavy minerals from Oligocene sandstones of the Menilite Formation of the Skole Nappe, SE Poland : a tool for provenance specification

Salata D., Uchman A.

Geological Quarterly

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2012

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Vol. 56, No. 4

803--820

EN

Heavy minerals from sandstones belonging mostly to the Boryslav Sandstone and Kliva Sandstone members of the lower part of the Menilite Formation (Oligocene) in the northern part of the Skole Nappe, Polish Carpathians are characterized. In the study area, the sediments were deposited in the Rzeszów and Łańcut channel zones running from the northern margin of the basin. The most frequent heavy minerals in the sandstones examined include zircon, tourmaline, rutile, staurolite, kyanite and garnet. Single grains of andalusite, sillimanite, apatite, epidote, brookite and chrome spinel occur in some samples. The very small content of apatite is related to long, continental weathering in the source area, which is referred to the Paleozoic sedimentary cover of the Małopolska Block and the easternmost part of the Upper Silesian Block. Different preservation states, morphology, degree of roundness and colour varieties suggest that the heavy minerals studied derive from various petrographic types including metamorphic, igneous and sedimentary rocks. However, the Carboniferous and Permian conglomerates and sandstones seem to be the most probable source rocks.

15

Foreland provenance of thick conglomerates in the early stage of the Carpathian Foredeep development : the case of the Sloboda Conglomerate (Lower Miocene), western Ukraine

Oszczypko N., Uchman A., Bubniak I.

Geological Quarterly

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2012

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Vol. 56, No. 4

789--802

EN

The upper part of the Lower Miocene Sloboda Conglomerate, a 250–1400 m thick unit, was deposited mainly on an alluvial fan and fan delta during the early stages of Carpathian Foredeep development. During of the Old Styrian overthrust movements of the Carpathian orogen, a forebulge was formed, which supplied clasts to the conglomerate. The clasts are dominated by Late Proterozoic–Early Cambrian phyllites, while Paleozoic carbonates are common, and Mesozoic and other rocks are rare. The source area formed mainly by a prolongation of the Małopolska Massif that was involved in the forebulge; this was located close to a palaeovalley cut into Mesozoic and Paleozoic rocks, buried under younger strata. Additional material was derived from the advancing front of the Carpathian Flysch nappes.

16

Biostratigraphy and palaeoenvironment of the Kimmeridgian-Lower Tithonian pelagic deposits of the Krížna Nappe, Lejowa Valley, Tatra Mts. (southern Poland)

Jach R., Řeháková D., Uchman A.

Geological Quarterly

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2012

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Vol. 56, No. 4

773--788

EN

The Upper Jurassic strata of the Krížna Unit in the Tatra Mts. comprises pelagic, fine-grained and well-oxygenated deposits. They are represented by red radiolarites and radiolarian limestones (Czajakowa Radiolarites Formation), red nodular limestones (Czorsztyn Limestones Formation) and wavy, platy or nodular light grey and reddish limestones and marlstones (Jasenina Formation). These deposits are mainly wackestones characterized by a succession of the following microfacies: radiolarian, filament-Saccocoma, Saccocoma and Globochaete–Saccocoma. The section comprises four calcareous dinoflagellate zones, i.e. the Late Kimmeridgian Moluccana Zone, and the Early Tithonian Borzai, Pulla and Malmica zones. In the uppermost part of the studied section, the Early Tithonian Dobeni Subzone of the Chitinoidella Zone has been identified. Using these biostratigraphic data, the sedimentation rate for the Late Kimmeridgian (Borzai Zone) and Early Tithonian (Dobeni Subzone of the Chitinoidella Zone) interval is estimated as 3.7 m/my. This is in accordance with the general trend of increasing sedimentation rate through the Tithonian and Berriasian. The increased supply of clastic material in the Jasenina Formation may have been caused by climate changes and continental weathering. The sedimentation was controlled mainly by eustatic changes and fluctuations in ACD and CCD levels.

17

Arthrodendron borberensis sp. nov., a large protist (Foraminifera) from the Pagliaro Formation (Paleocene), Northern Apennines, Italy

Uchman A., Kaminski M. A., Rattazzi B.

Geological Quarterly

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2012

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Vol. 56, No 1

215-224

EN

Arthrodendron borberensis sp. nov. is described from the Pagliaro Formation (Paleocene) of the Northern Apennines. Specimens of the new species are preserved on the sole of a turbiditic sandstone bed. Arthrodendron borberensis sp. nov. is characterized by its long chambers (some exceeding 10 mm in length), its generally straight course, and rare branching at an acute angle. This large foraminifer lived infaunally within the sediment and possibly as epifauna after exhumation by erosion, prior to the deposition of the host turbiditic sandstone bed. Assemblages of smaller agglutinated foraminifera (a flysch-type fauna) and trace fossils (Nereites ichnofacies) point to a deep-sea environment for the discussed protist

18

The miniature echinoid trace fossil Bichordites kuzunensis isp. nov. from early Oligocene prodelta sediments of the Mezardere Formation, Gokceada Island, NW Turkey

Demircan H., Uchman A.

Acta Geologica Polonica

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2012

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Vol. 62, no. 2

205-215

EN

The pascichnial trace fossil Bichordites kuzunensis isp. nov. occurs as an epichnial complex structure in early Oligocene prodelta sediments of the Thrace Basin in Gokceada Island, northwest Turkey. It displays characteristics of irregular echinoid burrows such as overall shape and a double meniscate filling with a chevron dorsal suture, in addition to the feature typical of the so far monospecific Bichordites Plaziat and Mahmoudi, 1988, that is a single central core around a single drainage tube. Its miniature size can be related to the small size of the tracemaker (ontogenic feature) or to its dwarfism in a stressed deltaic environment (palaeoecological feature). Its occurrence indicates a period of fully marine conditions during accumulation of the deltaic sediments of the Mezardere Formation.

19

Skamieniałości śladowe wczesnego i środkowego triasu domeny Fatricum w Tatrach i ich znaczenie paleośrodowiskowe

Rychliński T., Uchman A.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2010

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Vol. 58, nr 11

1079-1086

EN

Trace fossils of the Olenekian clastic deposits (Fatricum domain) in the Tatra Mts. include Rhizocorallium isp., Palaeophycus striatus, cf. Palaeophycus isp. and cf. Chondrites isp., while Planolites isp., Thalassinoides isp., Rhizocorallium isp. and Balanoglossites isp. occur in the Anisian carbonates. The Anisian trace fossil assemblage is less diverse and abundant than in the coeval carbonates of the Tatricum domain. Both, the Olenekian and Anisian trace fossils represent the impoverished Cruziana ichnofacies influenced by the increased salinity. Bioturbational structures are much less abundant than in the Anisian of the Tatricum. They are partly obliterated by diagenetic processes.

20

Petrografia i proweniencja piaskowców jury dolnej formacji piaskowca z Koperszadów w jednostce kriżniańskiej rejonu Kop Sołtysich w Tatrach

Popiołek M., Salata D., Uchman A.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2010

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Vol. 58, nr 2

154-162

EN

Petrographic types of sandstones belonging to the Baboš Quartzite Mb (Sinemurian) and the Waksmundzka Sandstone Mb (Sinemurian-Lotharingian) of the Med’odoly Sandstone Fm (Krina Unit, Fatricum) in the Kopy Sołtysie region were identified. In the literature, they were usually described as quartzites or quartzose sandstones, but in fact they represent quartz arenites or subarkose arenites. Their composition indicates that the source of clastic material was of a cratonic interior type or related to a recycled orogenic material rich in quartz. It is possible that the source was located in elevated parts of the Tatricum or Hronicum domains. Sedimentary features and facies context point to deepeningm of sedimentary environment from the shallower shelf (Baboš Quartzite Mb) to that of a deeper shelf (Waksmundzka Sandstone Mb).