Cardiovascular diseases are the most frequent cause of death worldwide. Cases of cardiac arrest can often be attributed to undetected cardiac arrhythmia. Detecting rare episodes of arrhythmia necessitates long-term ECG measurements along days or weeks. However, due to the relatively small number of electrodes used for these ECGs, abnormal episodes can still go unrecognized. This article thus describes the development of underwear with ten inbuilt textile ECG electrodes, allowing for the measurement of long-term 12-lead ECG. As against the constructs of other research groups, the position of electrodes offers the same detection directions as the common 12-lead ECG equipment in hospitals or medical practices. Long-term tests have shown the suitability of the sensory underwear variants for men and women to detect reliable ECG signals without disturbing the patients’ comfort.
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In order to mathematically describe the washing relaxation of knitted fabrics from manmade fibres, we performed different experiments with 50 - 100 washing cycles. While washing with detergent was shown to lead to a logarithmic increase in the fabric width, washing without detergent leads to an approximately linear increase in the fabric width, which can be transferred into logarithmic behaviour after a number of washing cycles by then adding washing detergent. Moreover, the qualitative and quantitative dimensional change was proven to depend strongly on the original dimensions of the fabric - while a knitted fabric with only a few courses shows logarithmic behaviour and significant dimensional change, an approximately square fabric broadens more linearly and less strongly. In all cases, no end value for the fabric width is reached, i.e. no fully relaxed state.
PL
Dla matematycznego opisu relaksacji dzianin poliestrowych przeprowadzono zróżnicowane eksperymenty prania stosując do 50 lub do 100 cykli pralniczych. W przypadku zastosowania detergentów w praniu stwierdzono logarytmiczny wzrost szerokości dzianin w funkcji cykli pralniczych, natomiast w przypadku prania bez detergentów zaobserwowano liniowy wzrost szerokości dzianin. Stwierdzono również, że jakościowe i ilościowe zmiany wymiarów zależą silnie od wymiarów pierwotnych.
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