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PL
Celem artykułu jest identyfikacja i ocena składników kapitału relacyjnego szkoły wyższej z perspektywy studentów. W artykule zaprezentowano wyniki badań empirycznych zrealizowanych techniką ankiety audytoryjnej wśród 253 studentów. Wyniki badań wskazują, że największe znaczenie w kreowaniu kapitału relacyjnego uczelni mają relacje ze studentami, pracownikami oraz pracodawcami.
EN
The purpose of this article is to identify and assess the components of the university’s relational capital from the student’s perspective. The article presents the results of empirical research carried out using the auditorium survey technique among 253 students. The research results indicate that relationships with students, employees and employers are of the greatest importance in creating the relational capital of university.
EN
Records for main groundwater basins (MGB), prepared between the 1990ties and 2008, differ from each other in many aspects, e.g. in form, amount of information, conclusions, and recommendations for land development in MGB protection zones. According to the methodology, all orders, bans and limitations for land development must be legal, compatible with the methodology of determining MGB protection zones (Herbich et al., 2009) and specified in a way that forces their unambiguous interpretation. The instruction of adapting records for MGBs done before 2008 was written on the basis of experiences with rewriting the first 30 MGB records. This instruction contains the recommendations for the adaptation of a set of 27 MGB records, which were mentioned in the regulation of the Minister of the Environment. Records for MGBs andfor groundwater resources that included MGBs were considered as documented prior to 2008. The range of further activities has been determined based on detailed information on MGBs from these reports. Adaptation of the records can be done two wise -as a new regular record or as a supplement to the already existing record.
EN
From 2009 till 2016 one of the largest in the recent years hydrogeological project "Making programmes and geological documentation in order to specify hydrogeological conditions due to determining protection zone of Main Groundwater Basins (MGB)" has been led by Polish Geological Institute - National Research Institute. The aim of the project was to document and describe MGBs as the most valuable and strategic groundwater reservoirs in Poland. Therefore set of documents for 101 MGBs and adaptation of 30 already existing pieces of MGBs documentation made before 2008 has been done. 131 documented MGBs encompass around 87 000 km2, which is 26.8% area of Poland. 20 groundwater basins didn’t meet all for MGB s established hydrogeological parameters, so they were reclassified to Local Groundwater Basins (LGB). 19 of all groundwater basins (15 MGBs and 4 LGBs) don’t need protection zones as the natural thickness of confining bed provides sufficient protection. For 112 of groundwater basins the protection zone has been determined. Their surface covers around 48 500 km2, which encompasses 15.5% area of Poland.
EN
The paper presents two already used in practice ways of the hydrogeological parametrization of the regional groundwater flow models. One way is the use of the hydraulic transmissivity resulting in the construction of the authors called “T” models for use in the groundwater resources quantitative assessments. The second way is the use of the hydraulic conductivity k to construct what the authors call the “k” models used for the evaluation of the Main Groundwater Reservoirs protection zones. The authors also present their attitude to the randomization of the hydrogeological parameters.
EN
Due to planned construction of nuclear facilities in Poland it is necessary to determine the technical recommendations and guidelines for the assessment of the hydrogeological conditions. It is needed for a correct assessment of nuclear facilities potential locations for their safety and the impact on the environment. Current requirements and safety guidelines called the safety standards (Safety Standards) are issued by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) in three categories: Safety Fundamentals (basic safety), Safety Requirements (safety requirements), Safety Guides (safety guidelines). The following article presents essential aspects of the nuclear facilities siting process in terms of the hydrogeological conditions assessment.
EN
Toxic effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have been extensively studied in fish, although knowledge concerning biological activities of phenanthrene and its derivatives remains still incomplete. The aim of this work was to evaluate lethal and sublethal effects of benzo(a)pyrene, phenanthrene and phenanthrene derivatives (1-methylphenanthrene, 4-methylphenanthrene, 1-phenylphenanthrene and 4-phenylphenanthrene) on zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae. We conducted acute toxicity test, using 96h static renewal exposure to a series of the PAH concentrations (0.05, 0.50, 5.00, 50.00µmol*l-1), to determine the No Effect Concentration (NEC) value for each compound examined. The mean NEC estimates obtained in the study were 5.16۪.45µmol*l-1 (B[a]P), 4.88۪.13µmol*l-1 (Ph), 40.24䔰.93µmol*l-1 (1P-Ph), 47.92ۭ.61µmol*l-1 (1M-Ph), 24.31۱.33µmol*l-1 (4P-Ph) and 3.11۫.01µmol*l-1 (4M-Ph) and suggested the following order of PAH toxicities on Danio rerio larvae: 4M-Ph>Ph˜B[a]P>4PPhᲙP-Ph>1M-Ph. To gain insight into possible molecular mechanisms of apparent toxicity of phenanthrene derivatives on zebrafish larvae, we examined mRNA expression of cyp1a, cyp1b1, and vtg genes in the larvae exposed for 48h to a PAH concentration of 0.50µmol*l-1. Whereas the larvae exposed to each tested PAH displayed many developmental abnormalities (i.e. pericardial and yolk sac edema, dorsal curvature, or tail malformations), no significant upregulation of cyp1a and cyp1b1 mRNA was observed, except for zebrafish exposed to B[a]P. However, significant reduction of vtg mRNA was observed in the larvae exposed to phenanthrene and its 4P- derivative. The results may contribute to the development of a new knowledge about effects of structurally diverse phenanthrene derivatives on vertebrate organisms.
PL
Celem dokumentowania Głównych Zbiorników Wód Podziemnych jest opracowanie stref ochronnych oraz wskazanie zasad użytkowania i postępowania w ich obrębie. Analiza materiałów archiwalnych wykazała znaczne rozbieżności w interpretacji i opisie budowy geologicznej oraz warunków hydrogeologicznych, zwłaszcza w rejonie współwystępowania GZWP nr 410 i GZWP nr 401 (Niecka łódzka). Na postawie kartowania hydrogeologicznego i reinterpretacji dostępnych materiałów archiwalnych prześledzono i dokonano uszczegółowienia granic GZWP nr 410. Analiza warunków hydrodynamicznych w obrębie mezozoicznego piętra wodonośnego wykazała brak istotnych kontaktów hydraulicznych pomiędzy wodami podziemnymi w utworach górnojurajskich Zbiornika Opoczno i dolnokredowych Niecki łódzkiej. W artykule przedstawiono również analizę jakości wód podziemnych GZWP 401 i 410.
EN
Documentation of Groundwater Main Basin (GMB) main objective is to develop protection zones and define general rules of use proceedings within the GMB. The archival material analyses showed significant interpretation differences among previous studies on geology and hydrogeology conditions, especially on interference area of GMB no 410 and GMB no 401 (“Basin of Łódź”). Hydrogeological field works and reinterpretation of archival materials allowed to change the borders of GMB no 410. Studies on hydrogeology conditions reveal that there is no connection between groundwater within upper Jurassic formation of GMB no 410 and lower Cretaceous formation of GMB no 401. In this paper there are also described results of groundwater quality assessment.
PL
Między Tczewem i Pelplinem planowana jest budowa zakładu energetycznego. W ramach prac budowlanych konieczne będzie wykonanie głębokich wykopów dla kilku obiektów. Wymaga to określenia warunków hydrogeologicznych w związku z oszacowaniem wielkości dopływu wody. W celu rozpoznania warunków hydrogeologicznych zaplanowano wykonanie czterech hydrowęzłów oraz 6 piezometrów. W trakcie prac stwierdzono, że wodonośny poziom międzymorenowy górny to jedyny poziom, który ma znaczenie dla planowanej inwestycji. W związku z tym należy zaplanować obniżenie ciśnienia piezometrycznego tego poziomu poniżej dna wykopu tak, aby nie doszło do przebicia hydraulicznego i wyparcia dna wykopu. Dane pozyskane dzięki badaniom terenowym i pompowaniom badawczym wykorzystano do numerycznych symulacji przepływu wód podziemnych w warunkach naturalnych oraz podczas odwadniania poszczególnych wykopów. Badania modelowe wykazały, iż prace związane z odwodnieniem wykopów nie powinny znacząco oddziaływać na środowisko.
EN
In the area of Tczew and Pelplin the construction of power plant is planed. Construction works would involve deep excavations for several building sites. This requires an identification of hydrogeological conditions with a volume of water inflow estimation. The fieldwork showed the presence of various hydrogeological conditions which are a consequence of a complex geological structure. In order to identify hydrogeological conditions the execution of four pumping wells with observation wells and additional six piezometers was scheduled. During the work progress, it was found that the level of upper moraine aquifer is the only aquifer that is relevant to the planned investment. Therefore, one must plan to reduce the pressure below the bottom of the trench in order to prevent the penetration of fluid through the bottom of the trench. The data obtained from the research and pump tests were used for numerical simulation of groundwater flow under natural conditions and during dewatering of the various excavations. Modeling studies have shown that work associated with drainage trenches should not significantly affect the environment.
EN
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, highly conserved, non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression of target mRNAs through cleavage or translational inhibition. In the field of toxicology, the relationship between toxicity and microRNA expression is poorly understood. In the present study we analyzed the abundance of 9 selected miRNAs (omy-miR-21, omy-miR-21t, omy-miR-122, omy-miR-125a, omy-miR-125b, omy-miR-125t, omy-miR-199-5a, omy-miR-295, omy-let-7a) and mRNA of 3 genes (histone H2A, ribosome protein rpl19, and Dicer which is a miRNA processing enzyme) in liver samples of whitefish exposed to Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) at a dose of 100µg*kg-1body weight for 24 or 48h. In the examined liver tissue, omymiR-122 showed the highest relative constitutive level, what is consistent with data obtained from fish and mammals. Unexpectedly, the reference H2A mRNA level was consistently up-regulated (over 20-fold; P<0.05) in fish liver after both 24 and 48h of exposure to MC-LR. The result may suggest that MC-LR acts as an initiator of specific cell-physiologic signals triggering DNA replication in fish liver cells. MC-LR treatment had no effect on the examined miRNAs levels, except for omy-miR-125a and omy-let-7a. Whereas omy-miR-125a was up-regulated (ER=2.68; S.E. 1.61-6.78; P<0.05), omy-let-7a was down-regulated (ER=0.55; S.E. 0.32-0.79; P<0.05) in whitefish liver after 48h of the treatment with MC-LR, when compared to controls. More work with the fish is essential for understanding the crosstalk of the regulatory network controlled by the two miRNAs in the context of MC-LR toxicity.
PL
Kinetyczny rozdział enancjomerów kwasu migdałowego prowadzono na drodze transestryfikacji octanem winylu katalizowanej przez lipa-zę z Burkholderia cepacia. Proces realizowano w sposób ciągły w reaktorze kolumnowym wypełnionym enzymem. Przebieg reakcji opisano modelem Bi Bi Ping Pong z inhibicją substratem i produktem.
EN
Racemic mandelic acid was separated in a column reactor using tran-sesterification with vinyl acetate catalyzed by Burkholderia cepacia li-pase. The Bi Bi Ping Pong mechanism with inhibition by both substrate and product was used in reaction rate modeling.
PL
Elektrody na sta łym podłożu umożliwiają miniaturyzację potencjometrycznych matryc czujnikowych. W pracy przedstawione zostanie ich zastosowanie do analizy przepływowej artykułów spożywczych zawierających pomidory. Zadaniem systemu było rozróżnienie próbek soków pomidorowych, zup instant oraz pomidorów świeżych i z puszki. Przedstawiony elektroniczny język umożliwił dyskryminację pomiędzy typami produktów oraz ich poszczególnymi rodzajami.
EN
Solid-state electrodes enable the miniaturization of potentiometric sensor arrays. In this work, the application of such sensors for flow analysis of tomato foodstuffs is presented. The task of the system was to differentiate between various samples of tomato juice, instant soups, fresh tomatoes and canned tomatoes. The presented electronic tongue was able to discriminate between various types and kinds of investigated products.
PL
Opisano budowę i zasadę działania podstawowej aparatury stanowiącej oprzyrządowanie współczesnej chromatografii cienkowarstwowej (TLC). Informacje uszeregowano odpowiednio do etapów analizy chromatograficznej. Podano zasadę działania sprzętu do nanoszenia próbek (Linomat, Nanomat), komór do rozwijania chromatogramów (OPLC, AMD) oraz sprzętu do wizualizacji i analiz ilościowych (densytometria). Wykazano, że instrumentalna chromatografia cienkowarstwowa jest pewną, powtarzalną i precyzyjną metodą analityczną, która znajduje coraz szersze zastosowanie do rozwiązywania wielu trudnych zadań analitycznych.
EN
In the paper the construction and operation principle of the basic instrumentation of the modern thin-layer chromatography (TLC) is presented. The text is organised in accordance with the consecutive stages of chromatographic analysis. The principle of operation of equipment for sampling (LINOMAT, NANOMAT), chromatograms development (classical, OPLC and AMD chambers) and apparatus for visualisation and quantitative (densitometric) analysis is described. It is shown that instrumental TLC is a reliable, reproducible and precise analytical method, which is wider and wider used for solving many difficult analytical problems.
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