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1 Composites Theory and Practice

1 2020

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Wear characterization of HNT filled glass-epoxy composites using Taguchi’s design of experiments and study of wear morphology

Ravichandran G., Rathnakar G., Santhosh N., Suresh R.

Composites Theory and Practice

2020

R. 20, nr 2

85--91

Glass-epoxy composites are increasingly being used in several industrial applications, viz. automobile, marine, aerospace, electrical and electronics components, especially in tribological components, viz. bearings, impellers, cams, driving wheels, bolts, nuts, seals, bushes and gears, which are used extensively in machinery because their lower weight, exceptional strength, resistance to corrosion capabilities, and cost effectiveness. The work focuses on optimization of the process parameters of the dry sliding wear test, viz. the applied load, disc rotation speed, weight percentage (wt.%) of the Halloysite nanotube (HNT) filler, time as well as the track diameter to minimize the wear rate of the glass fabric reinforced epoxy composite against EN-32 steel. In this research, the specimens are fabricated in accordance with the ASTM G-99 standard and the experiment is carried out with various combinations of parameters using a pin-on-disc tribometer, while keeping the time and track diameter constant. To proceed further, trial runs are conducted using MINITAB 19 software to optimize the process parameters for minimum wear by developing Taguchi’s design of experiments (DOE) based on the L45 orthogonal array (OA), and subse-quent analysis of the signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio. The results of the optimization clearly indicate that the wt.% of HNT is the most significant parameter that has a significant effect on minimizing the applied load, speed and sliding wear rate. In over-view, the experiment results showed that the combined parameters influenced the wear. In addition, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is performed to study the surface morphologies of the worn specimens and determine the wear mechanism in accordance with the test results. The wear mechanism clearly indicates that there is a larger amount of matrix debris, fiber breakage and fiber-matrix debonding in the neat composites as compared to the HNT filled glass-epoxy composites since a distinct pattern of micro coring and segregation of the filler along the peripheries of the glass fiber-epoxy interstitial sites, leading to strong bonding between the fibers and matrix are observed in the HNT filled composites. The strong bonding thus resists the wear to a certain extent, and the wear debris is relatively less in the HNT filled composites as compared to the neat composites.