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Predicting gas content in coalbed methane reservoirs using seismic waveform indication inversion: a case study from the Upper Carboniferous Benxi Formation, eastern Ordos Basin, China

Wang Jiabei, Li Zhijun, Chen Cen, Meng Cheng

Acta Geophysica

2022

Vol. 70, no 2

623--638

The identification of gas content is very important for exploration and development of coalbed methane (CBM) reservoirs. As a kind of gas-bearing reservoirs in coal seam, CBM reservoirs usually show strong heterogeneity, which makes the gas content varies greatly in the strata. What’s more, the thin interlayer that is common in coal-bearing formation makes it difficult to predict the favorable gas-bearing distribution based on conventional methods. In this study, a seismic waveform indication inversion method was applied to reveal the gas content of No. 8 coal seam reservoirs in the Upper Carboniferous Benxi Formation of the DJ area in the eastern of the Ordos Basin, China. The first step of this method is to calculate the p-wave impedance inversion volume of No. 8 coal seam. The second step is to build the correlation between elastic parameters and gas content in No. 8 coal seam. Through the statistical analysis based on velocity, density, p-wave impedance and measured gas content data of 16 wells, the fitting formula between p-wave impedance and gas content is obtained, with a highest correlation coefficient up to 96%. The third step is to calculate the gas content data volume from the p-wave impedance inversion volume by the above fitting formula, and then the quantitative plane distribution of gas content in No. 8 coal seam can be predicted. The prediction results indicate that the gas content of No. 8 coal seam can be divided into two Classes. To verify the reliability of the inversion results, the production data of well X11 was applied to verify the gas content which located in the Class I area. The application of seismic waveform indication inversion has provided a precise prediction for the spatial distribution of gas content in CBM reservoirs, serving as a basis for locating and designing wells for CBM development.