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1

Present state of Bulgarian glacierets

Gachev E., Gikov A., Zlatinova C., Blagoev B.

Landform Analysis

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2009

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Vol. 11

16-24

EN

he present article makes a revision of the recent studies related to Bulgarian glacierets, all located in the northern part of the Pirin Mountains, as well as presents some latest results from field measurements of firn size and morphology descriptions. This has been the first scientific study of Banski suhodol glacieret, which at present is the largest in Bulgaria. Data gained until now indicates differences between the Pirin and the High Tatras concerning the driving factors of glacieret inter-annual dynamics, as for Bulgarian glacierets air temperature appears to be one of the most sufficient controls.

2

Indicators for modern and recent climate change in the highest mountain areas of Bulgaria

Gachev E.

Landform Analysis

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2009

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Vol. 10

33-38

EN

The highest Bulgarian mountains Rila (2,925 m a.s.l.) and Pirin (2,914 m a.s.l.) provide virgin mountain landscapes, intensive natural processes and a sharp sensitivity on natural and human impacts. The present paper focuses on the existing natural indicators for changes in climate during the last few centuries in the areas around the highest peaks Musala (the Rila Mountains) and Vihren (the Pirin Mountains), and the accent is put on the past and present existence of embryonic glacier forms. Dynamics of perennial ice bodies in the Pirin and the newly found fresh moraine ridge on the bottom of the Ledeno ezero Lake (the highest lake in the Rila Mts.) as well as the data from instrumental and historical records suggest a general trend of warming since the first two decades of the 20th century, especially expressed in the last 30 years. Inter-annual size variations of perennial ice bodies are found to be closely related to fluctuations of air temperature. Regional comparative studies show that perennial ice bodies in Bulgarian mountains are less sensitive to slight climate fluctuations than some other similar features in the Carpatho-Balkan area. Proper interpretation of these and future research results requires their incorporation in regional studies within the entire Carpatho-Balkan area.

3

Characteristics and evolution of the rock glacier near Musala Peak (Rila Mountains, Bulgaria)

Gachev E.

Studia Geomorphologica Carpatho-Balcanica

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2017/2018

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Vol. 51/52

25--42

EN

The article presents results from the first detailed study of the rock glacier near Musala Peak in the Rila Mountains (Bulgaria), performed in 2016–2017. Situated at 2600–2670 m a.s.l. the rock glacier is among the highest in Bulgarian mountains. It is made of granitic blocks derived from the northern slope of Musala Peak (2925 m a.s.l.). This paper presents a hypothesis on the formation and development of the rock glacier, based on detailed geomorphological mapping and rock weathering rate tests. First results from Schmidt hammer testing of rock glaciers in Bulgaria are presented and discussed. The values obtained from 782 tests show increase in rock strength from the lower to the upper part of the block accumulation, which indicates their sequential deposition over time. The rock glacier was formed in the period after the retreat of Pleistocene glaciers and most likely before the Atlantic optimum of the Holocene. Geomorphic evidence indicates at least two stages of rock glacier development. Recently it has been considered relict. However, some activity during the Little Ice Age, and even at present, is not completely excluded.