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Plant exploitation by the inhabitants of the Wielbark culture settlement complex near the village Ulów, SE Poland, at the background of the natural environment

Pidek I. A., Wasylikowa K., Moskal-del Hoyo M.

Folia Quaternaria

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2017

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nr 85

81--108

EN

Palynological and archaeobotanical investigations were carried out on a large settlement complex of the Wielbark culture dated to the late Roman and early Migration periods, situated near the village Ulów in the Middle Roztocze, SE Poland. Pollen diagrams which covered the Subboreal and Subatlantic periods revealed the development of forests with European hornbeam Carpinus betulus, lime Tilia sp., oak Quercus sp. and common beech Fagus sylvatica in the Subboreal and the spread of silver fir Abies alba in the Subatlantic phase. Pollen spectra from both periods provided the evidence of cereal cultivation and animal grazing in the neighbourhood of the settlement. The analysis of daub coming from the Wielbark culture features documented the predominance of common barley Hordeum vulgare and common millet Panicum miliaceum among the cereals and probably lesser significance of wheat, emmer Triticum dicoccon or einkorn T. monococcum. Charcoal assemblages were examined from the settlement and from the cemetery. Taking into account the number of charcoal fragments, Quercus sp. was the most abundant taxon, followed by Fagus sylvatica, Carpinus betulus, Scots pine Pinus sylvestris, and birch Betula sp. Other taxa were only occasionally found. The taxonomic lists were very similar in the settlement and the cemetery, but there was a discrepancy between the predominating taxa since birch was the most frequent at the cemetery and oak in the settlement.

2

Badania archeobotaniczne w nawarstwieniach historycznych z terenu Krakowa: metodyka - stan badań - perspektywy

Wasylikowa K., Wacnik A., Mueller-Bieniek A.

Geologia / Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie

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2009

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T. 35, z. 1

89-100

PL

Badania paleobotaniczne na stanowiskach archeologicznych położonych w obrębie dzisiejszego Krakowa rozpoczęto w latach 30. XX wieku, ale ich intensywny rozwój nastąpił po II wojnie światowej. W badaniach tych wyróżniono dwa etapy. W starszym (do 1965 r.) najbogatsze materiały roślinne pozyskano ze wzgórza wawelskiego i z Rynku Głównego. Badania etapu młodszego (rozpoczęte po 2000 r.) związane były z najnowszymi pracami archeologicznymi prowadzonymi m.in. na Rynku Głównym, przy ul. Kanoniczej 17, Krupniczej 7 i w kilku innych punktach Starego Miasta. Najwięcej informacji o dawnej roślinności dostarczyły analizy nawarstwień średniowiecznych. W wielu przypadkach udało się wykazać zmiany intensywności i sposobu użytkowania badanych powierzchni i obiektów. Zarejestrowano duże zróżnicowanie przestrzenne i chronologiczne rozmieszczenia szczątków roślinnych w osadach.

EN

Palaeobotanical studies of archaeological sites situated on the territory of modern Kraków were initiated in the thirties of the 20th century but intensive explorations began after the World War II. The investigations can be divided in two periods. The older one was based on materials collected from archaeological excavations carried out from the late forties to ca. 1965. At that time the richest plant remains were obtained from the Wawel Hill and the Main Market Square (Rynek Główny). The studies of the younger period, which began after 2000, are connected with the new archaeological works carried out in the Main Market Square, at Kanonicza 17 St., Krupnicza 7 St. and in several other places of the Old Town. Most of the data were obtained from the Medieval layers. In a few cases it was possible to indicate changes in the intensity and ways of management of the studied features. Considerable spatial and chronological variation of the distribution of plant remains was observed.

3

Rola roślin w życiu dawnych mieszkańców Krakowa: nawarstwienia archeologiczne, jako źródła archiwalne

Bieniek A., Wacnik A., Wasylikowa K., Gluza I.

Auxiliary Sciences in Archaeology, Preservation of Relics and Environmental Engineering

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2008

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nr 6 wyd. spec.

film7

4

Rola roślin w życiu dawnych mieszkańców Krakowa: nawarstwienia archeologiczne, jako źródła archiwalne

Bieniek A., Wacnik A., Wasylikowa K., Gluza I.

Auxiliary Sciences in Archaeology, Preservation of Relics and Environmental Engineering

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2007

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T. 3 spec. ed.

1-3