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A DNA Steganography Algorithm Based on The DNA-XOR Technique

Nguyen Vinh-Quy, Thi Thanh-Hue Nguyen, Nguyen Dinh-Chien, Thi Thu-Hang Phan, Dang Viet-Hung, Luu Dinh-Thinh

Annals of Computer Science and Information Systems

2022

Vol. 33

21--24

Steganography is the technique of concealing secret data in a physical object, such as a database, video, image, audio, QR code, and DNA sequence…. The DNA sequence is also considered for data hiding problems with the strong development of Bioinformatics. Many proposed algorithms to conceal data in DNA and RNA sequences, but they could not increase the amount of hidden data. In this study, we propose a DNA steganography algorithm for improving the embedded capacity in the DNA sequence. The algorithm uses the DNA-XOR technique based on the XOR operation. The secret data are encoded to a DNA sequence and then matched with the original DNA sequence by DNA-XOR operation to make a new DNA sequence. By this algorithm, we can embed two bits for each nucleotide. Moreover, with many kinds of combinations of nucleotides, the algorithm shows that the proposed method also improves the security of hidden data.