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Electrode properties and microstructures of Ag-Sn based alloys used as anode in Li-ion batteries.

Kitano Y., Wada M., Sou T., Tanabe E., Fijikawa Y., Kitano A., Yin J., Sakai T.

Archives of Materials Science

2005

Vol. 26, nr 1-2

95-102

Electron microscopic structures are investigated for the alloys, Ag52Sn48, Ag26Fe26Sn48 and Ag36.4Sb15.6Sn48. The alloy is used as the anode in the Li-ion batteries and gives a good performance in the properties such as current densities as well as cycling numbers of charge and discharge repetition. The alloys are synthesized by the mechanical alloying treatment. They are in the form of powder of a few žm in diameter. Each powder particle can be called a secondary particle. The secondary particle consists of a number of nano-sized crystallites. The alloy Ag52Sn48 consists of Sn and Ag3Sn, and the alloy Ag26Fe26Sn48 of Fe, Sn and Ag3Sn. These alloys are found to be porous. The porous structure would contribute to good performance of these alloys. The alloy Ag 36.4Sb15.6Sn48 consists of Sn, Ag3Sn and SbSn. The crystal structure of the SbSn is not cubic but rhombic. Volume expansion occurring at the rhombic SbSn to Li3Sb transformation is found to be only 20%. The small volume change during Li-insertion/Sn-extrusion would be an important factor for the good performance.