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Acute effect of short-duration static stretching exercises on dynamic balance in U-14 female athletes

Amara Samiha, Bouguezzi Raja, Chaabene Helmi, Mkaouer Bessem

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

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2024

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Vol. 26, no. 2

37--44

EN

The acute effects of static stretching (SS) on dynamic balance, a key fitness component that contributes to injury prevention, has been a subject of significant debate. This study aimed to investigate the acute effect of short-duration SS exercises on dynamic balance following different recovery durations in youth female volleyball players. Methods: Thirteen volunteers U-14 female players were included. Eight random assessments were carried-out on separate days. They consisted of 2D-kinematic analysis of frontal and/or sagittal balance of the center of mass (COM) displacement, velocity, and acceleration on wobble board conducted without SS, immediately after and following 2 and 10 minutes of SS. Results: Repeated-measures ANOVA showed a significant difference between conditions in the velocity ( p = 0.002 to 0.049; d = 0.844 to 2.200) and the acceleration ( p = 0.014 to 0.021; d = 1.532 to 1.657) of the COM in both frontal and sagittal planes sway. Post-hoc analysis revealed decreased COM velocity (p = 0.001 to 0.030; d = 2.501 to 6.750) and acceleration ( p = 0.001 to 0.030; d = 2.501 to 6.750) in the frontal plane, regardless of the recovery time. The most prominent decrease in both parameters was observed immediately after SS ( p = 0.001 to 0.013; d = 2.907 to 6.750). However, in the sagittal balance, we observed an immediate increase in COM acceleration following SS ( p < 0.001; d = 4.223). Conclusion: Short-duration SS leads to improved dynamic balance, particularly on the frontal plane, with the most favorable effect observed immediately after stretching. Practically speaking, short-duration SS appears to be an effective exercise modality for inducing acute enhancements in dynamic balance among youth female volleyball players.

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Effects of eliminating visual cues on kinetic and kinematic parameters in back tuck somersault: A comparison between artistic gymnasts and parkour athletes

Abahnini Nour Mohamed, Abahnini Khemais, Mkaouer Bessem

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

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2023

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Vol. 25, no. 2

93--101

EN

The aim of this study was to compare the effect of vision (i.e., open and closed eyes) on the kinetic and kinematic parameters of the standing back tuck somersault (SBTS) in artistic gymnasts and parkour athletes. Methods: Eleven male parkour athletes (age 22.53 ± 2.36 years; height 1.72 ± 0.08 m; weight 69.58 ± 3.72 kg) and seven male artistic gymnasts (age 21.96 ± 2.64 years; height 1.62 ± 0.02 m; weight 63.54 ± 1.35 kg) participated in this study. Each subject was asked to perform the SBTS in the same condition (i.e., first open-eyes then closed-eyes). 2D kinetic and kinematic analysis was conducted. Results: The results showed significant interaction (i.e., vision and sport) obtained at the take-off angle ( p < 0.05 and d = 1.992), horizontal displacement ( p < 0.05 and d = 1.906) and technical execution ( p < 0.05 and d = 1.972). This interaction indicates that when vision is permitted, artistic gymnasts and parkour athletes were similar in all kinetic and kinematic parameters, and technical execution ( p > 0.05). However, the elimination of vision during SBTS only affected parkour athletes (i.e., landing angle, ground reaction force, vertical velocity and technical execution, p < 0.05 and d >1.20) while artistic gymnasts remain unchanged. Conclusion: We conclude that the specificity of the practice in each of the two sports disciplines influences the kinetic and kinematic control of the SBTS and suggests that with closed-eyes, the integration of afferent information relating to the vestibular and proprioceptive systems is different and specific to each discipline’s goal. Artistic gymnasts seem to be better skilled in the mechanical and technical control of the SBTS than parkour athletes.

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The effect of three run-up techniques on kinetic and kinematic variables of the stag ring leap with throw-catch of the ball in rhythmic gymnastics

Akkari-Ghazouani Hounaida, Amara Samiha, Chtara Mokhtar, Mkaouer Bessem

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

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2022

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Vol. 24, no. 4

109--118

EN

The aim of this study was to compare the effect of three run-up steps on the kinetic and kinematic variables of the stag ring leap, with throw-catch of the ball, in high-level rhythmic female gymnasts. The three run-up steps used are a chassé step, glissade, and assemblé. Methods: Seven high-level rhythmic female gymnasts participated in this study. Three run-up steps (i.e., chassé step, glissade and assemblé) were used randomly to perform a stag ring leap with throwing a ball on the jump take-off. 2D kinetic and kinematic analysis was conducted. Results: The results indicated that the assemblé step used in the run-up technique generated greater values of the rate of force development, the highest values of vertical velocity, and the best vertical displacement. In addition, the assemblé step allows for the best opening angle of the split leap and the best closest angle of the ring leg. The same was noted for the front leg’s angular velocity. Conclusion: We concluded that the assemblé step used in the run-up technique appears to favor a greater stag ring leap that meets the Code of Points’ condition for admitting the jump, as well as numerous studies that focus on improving jumping abilities in rhythmic gymnastics.