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Recent sustainable trends for e-waste bioleaching

Al Sultan Mohammed Sami, Benli Birgül

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

2023

Vol. 59, iss. 5

art. no. 167375

For the past few decades, the electronic and electrical waste have been accumulating and piling on our lands and aside from posing some serious threat on our environment and our health. And with the technological advance and the rapid growing electronic demand and production there is the risk of accumulating even more unused valuable usable materials in our waste land-fields. Up to 2030, EU is forecasting about 74 million tons of e-waste, including washing machines, tablet computers, toasters, and cell phones. In 2022, more than 5.3 billion mobile phones were wasted whereas Li, Mn, Cu, Ni, and various rare-earth elements (like Nd, Eu and Tb, etc.) as well as graphite are actually found in the contents of many metal parts from wiring, batteries to their components. The main purpose aside from an environmental aspect is reserving the mineral used in this waste, as many of the crucial materials have a supply risk heavily depending on import. For instance, many of these rare earth elements (REE) are sourced from China; these REEs are used in many electronics that range from consumer products to industrial-use machines. This study is to review one of the desired methods that is via using bio-techniques to dissolve and recover as much as possible from main e-waste sources such as PCBs, spend batteries and LCD/LED panels. Microorganisms that are used for bioleaching process and their metal recovery aspects were compared in the second part. Future perspectives were finally added considering significant techno-economic environmental and social impacts.

Modeling and Box-Behnken design optimization of microwave treatment of sulphidic gold flotation tailing

Benli Birgül, Baştürkçü Hüseyin

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

2022

Vol. 58, iss. 5

art. no. 149929

As raw minerals become scarcer every passing day, the need for the recovery of mine tailings becomes essential. This research highlights the use of microwave energy as a green alternative to otherwise environmentally harmful methods of ore tailing recovery. The obtained results indicate that a 1.4 ppm Au and 3.5 % S sample floated with Aeroflot 208 and Aerophine 3418A increased the concentration of tailings over 18 % S and 4 ppm, Au, for recovery yield, resulting in 84 % and 80 % recovery, respectively. After microwave irradiation, 90 % of sulphur removal was reached under the optimum conditions of 50 minutes of irradiation using 1000 W for 4 g of the sample. Overall with 96. 74 % correlation of the quadratic model using the Box-Behnken design and expressed coefficient R2 regression the model was proven to be suitable for heating and roasting processes of gold-bearing tailings.