Ograniczanie wyników
Czasopisma help
Autorzy help
Lata help
Preferencje help
Widoczny [Schowaj] Abstrakt
Liczba wyników

Znaleziono wyników: 35

Liczba wyników na stronie
first rewind previous Strona / 2 next fast forward last
Wyniki wyszukiwania
help Sortuj według:

help Ogranicz wyniki do:
first rewind previous Strona / 2 next fast forward last
1
Content available remote Selected optoelectronic sensors in medical applications
EN
Optoelectronic technology plays an important role in medical diagnosis. In the paper a review of some optoelectronic sensors for invasive and non-invasive human health test is presented. The main attention is paid on their basic operation principle and medical usefulness. The paper presents also own research related to developing of tools for human breath analysis. Breath sample unit and three gaseous biomarkers analyzer employing laser absorption spectroscopy designed for clinical diagnostics were described. The analyzer is equipped with sensors for CO, CH₄ and NO detection. The sensors operate using multi-pass spectroscopy with wavelength modulation method (MUPASS-WMS) and cavity enhanced spectroscopy (CEAS).
EN
A concept of a highly sensitive and fast-response airborne optoelectronic hygrometer, based on the absorption spectroscopy with laser light tuned to an intense ro-vibronic absorption line of H2O in the 1391–1393 nm range is presented. The target application of this study is airborne atmospheric measurements, in particular at the top of troposphere and in stratosphere. The cavity ring-down spectroscopy was used to achieve high sensitivity. In order to avoid interference of the results by water desorbed from the instrument walls, the open-path solution was applied. Tests of the instrument, performed in a climatic chamber, have shown some advantages of this concept over typical hygrometers designed for similar applications.
3
Content available remote Detection of disease markers in human breath with laser absorption spectroscopy
EN
Number of trace compounds (called biomarkers), which occur in human breath, provide an information about individual feature of the body, as well as on the state of its health. In this paper we present the results of experiments about detection of certain biomarkers using laser absorption spectroscopy methods of high sensitivity. For NO, OCS, C₂H₆, NH₃, CH₄, CO and CO(CH₃)₂ an analysis of the absorption spectra was performed. The influence of interferents contained in exhaled air was considered. Optimal wavelengths of the detection were found and the solutions of the sensors, as well as the obtained results were presented. For majority of the compounds mentioned above the detection limits applicable for medicine were achieved. The experiments showed that the selected optoelectronic techniques can be applied for screening devices providing early diseases detection.
4
Content available Fast optoelectronic sensor of water concentration
EN
A prototype optoelectronic hygrometer, based on absorption of laser light tuned to a specific rovibronic absorption line of H2O at 1364.68961 nm is described. Target application is meteorology, in particular precise and fast measurements of small-scale humidity fluctuations in turbulent atmospheric flows. Tests of the prototype instrument performed in the atmospheric boundary layer have proven the advantage of this optoelectronic sensor over typical, commercially available UV hygrometers designed for similar applications.
5
Content available System of Optoelectronic Sensors for Breath Analysis
EN
The paper describes an integrated laser absorption system as a potential tool for breath analysis for clinical diagnostics, online therapy monitoring and metabolic disorder control. The sensors operate basing on cavity enhanced spectroscopy and multi-pass spectroscopy supported by wavelength modulation spectroscopy. The aspects concerning selection of operational spectral range and minimization of interference are also discussed. Tests results of the constructed devices collected with reference samples of biomarkers are also presented. The obtained data provide an opportunity to analyse applicability of optoelectronic sensors in medical screening.
EN
Sensing technology has been developed for detection of gases in some environmental, industrial, medical, and scientific applications. The main tasks of these works is to enhance performance of gas sensors taking into account their different applicability and scenarios of operation. This paper presents the descriptions, comparison and recent progress in some existing gas sensing technologies. Detailed introduction to optical sensing methods is presented. In a general way, other kinds of various sensors, such as catalytic, thermal conductivity, electrochemical, semiconductor and surface acoustic wave ones, are also presented. Furthermore, this paper focuses on performance of the optical method in detecting biomarkers in the exhaled air. There are discussed some examination results of the constructed devices. The devices operated on the basis of enhanced cavity and wavelength modulation spectroscopies. The experimental data used for analyzing applicability of these different sensing technologies in medical screening. Several suggestions related to future development are also discussed.
PL
W artykule scharakteryzowano wybrane techniki laserowej spektroskopii absorpcyjnej. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na układy, w których stosuje się komórki wieloprzejściowe, modulację długości fali oraz wnęki optyczne. Przedstawiono przykładowe wyniki badań prowadzonych w zakresie opracowania optoelektronicznych sensorów gazów do wykrywania biomarkerów chorób w ludzkim oddechu. Zademonstrowano sensory, których granica wykrywalności wyniosła od 0,3 ppb do 200 ppm.
EN
The article describes selected techniques of laser absorption spectroscopy. Particular attention was paid to systems using multi-pass cells, wavelength modulation process and optical cavities. Examples of the research results related to development of the optoelectronic gas sensors designed to disease biomarkers detection in the human breath were presented. Demonstrated sensors are characterized by the detection limit from 0.3 ppb to 200 ppm.
PL
Pewne związki chemiczne występujące w oddechu ludzkim (zwane biomarkerami) dostarczają informacji o stanie zdrowia organizmu. W artykule tym prezentujemy wyniki doświadczeń dotyczących wykrywania biomarkerów takich jak tlenek węgla, metan, amoniak i aceton przy użyciu laserowej spektroskopii absorpcyjnej w zakresie UV-NIR. Dla większości związków wymienionych powyżej osiągnięte zostały czułości detekcji umożliwiające zastosowanie optoelektronicznych sensorów do wykrywania chorób.
EN
Some chemical compounds occurring in human breath (biomarkers) provide information about health state of the organism. In this paper we present results of the experiments about detection of the biomarkers as: carbon oxide, methane, ammonia and acetone using laser absorption spectroscopy in UV-NIR range. For majority of these compounds good detection limits were achieved. These systems provide opportunity to construct fully optoelectronic disease markers sensors.
PL
W artykule omówiono optoelektroniczny system sensorów biomarkerów zawartych w wydychanym powietrzu. System ten składa się z pięciu bloków funkcjonalnych: układu pobierania próbek (UPP), układu kondycjonowania (UK), czujnika CEAS (ang. Cavity Enhanced Absorption Spectroscopy), dwuwidmowego czujnika MUPASS (ang. MUltiPass Absorption Spectroscopy System), oraz układu przetwarzania sygnałów (UPS). Układ UPP służy do pobrania od pacjenta próbki wydychanego powietrza z górnych lub z dolnych dróg oddechowych. Zadaniem UK jest minimalizacja wpływu interferentów, jakimi są m.in. para wodna, czy ditlenek węgla. Czujnik CEAS umożliwia wykrywanie tlenku azotu. Dla tego markera uzyskano granicę wykrywalności około 30 ppb. Do detekcji metanu i tlenku węgla zastosowano dwuwidmowy sensor MUPASS z jedną komórką wieloprzejściową. Dla metanu uzyskano granicę wykrywalności 100 ppb, natomiast dla tlenku węgla wyniosła ona 400 ppb.
EN
The article is related to the optoelectronic sensors system of the biomarkers contained in the exhaled human air. This system consists of five functional blocks: the sampling system (UPP), air conditioning system (UK), the cavity enhanced absorption spectroscopy (CEAS) sensor, two-wavelength multipass absorption spectroscopy system (MUPASS), and the signal processing system (UPS). UPP is used to collect a sample of the patient’s breath from the upper airways or lower airways of respiratory tract. The task of the UK is to minimize the effect of interfering substances, which include water vapor and carbon dioxide. CEAS sensor, which is designed to nitric oxide detection, provides the lowest detection limit of approximately 30 ppb. MUPASS is used for methane and carbon monoxide detecting. Lowest detection limit of 100 ppb was obtained for methane and of 400 ppb for carbon monoxide.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono metodę multipleksacji wiązek laserowych w jeden strumień promieniowania oraz sposób rozdzielania informacji niesionych przez taką wiązkę, po przejściu przez układ spektroskopowy. Opisano czujnik do spektroskopii wieloprzejściowej do jednoczesnego wykrywania kilku substancji gazowych z wykorzystaniem tego rozwiązania. Zbadano także stabilność parametrów skonstruowanego systemu.
EN
The paper presents multiplexation optical signals consisting on combining of modulated laser beams and the retrieving of the information that is carried by the beams after their passing through a spectroscopy system. Phase sensitive detection is applied. The method was applied for simultaneous detection of several gas components with multipass cell. Results of investigation of stability and sensitivity of the system are shown as well.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono przykłady urządzeń do analizy wydychanego przez człowieka powietrza. Przeznaczone są one głównie do diagnostyki medycznej. W pracy przeanalizowano podstawowe właściwości komercyjnie dostępnych urządzeń zarówno przenośnych (np. elektrochemicznych, chemiluminescencyjnych), jak również bardziej złożonych np. chromatografów gazowych. Przedstawiono koncepcję systemu składającego się z czujników optoelektronicznych wykorzystujących spektroskopię strat we wnęce optycznej oraz spektroskopię z modulacją długości fali promieniowania z komórkami wieloprzejściowymi. W części eksperymentalnej przedyskutowano wstępne badania tych urządzeń w aspekcie zastosowań medycznych.
EN
The article presents some techniques for the human breath analysis in medical diagnostics. The properties of commercially available devices, both mobile (eg. electrochemical or chemiluminescent sensors), as well as more complex (gas chromatograph) are analyzed. The concept of the system consisting of two sensors based on cavity enhanced absorption spectroscopy and multipass wavelength modulation spectroscopy is described. Preliminary results of these sensors investigation in terms of medical applications are discussed in the experimental section.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono wyniki prac dotyczących możliwości wykrywania markerów chorobowych w oddechu człowieka. Praca realizowana jest w ramach projektu pk. Sensormed finansowanego przez Narodowe Centrum Badań i Rozwoju. Docelowo, prowadzone badania umożliwią opracowanie zintegrowanego systemu pomiarowego składającego się m.in. z układu kondycjonowania próbek powietrza, trzech modeli wysokoczułych optoelektronicznych sensorów oraz układu przetwarzania sygnału. Do wykrywania metanu i amoniaku zastosowano układ spektroskopii laserowej z modulacją długości fali i z wykorzystaniem komórek wieloprzejściowych, natomiast do detekcji tlenku azotu układ spektroskopii strat we wnęce optycznej.
EN
The paper presents the work on disease biomarkers detection in human breath. This work is performed in the frame of the project Sensormed funded by the National Center of Research and Development (2012-2015). It describes special measurement device consisting of a sample probing unit, three optoelectronic sensors and signal processing unit which has been developed. For the detection of methane and ammonia, wavelength modulation spectroscopy and multipass cells were applied, while concentration measurement of nitric oxide was performed basing on cavity enhanced spectroscopy setup.
EN
The potential of Quantum Cascade Laser technology has been recently harnessed in industry, medicine and military to create a range of original infrared gas sensors. These sensors have opened up many new applications due to compact size, excellent sensitivity, robust construction and low power requirements. They rely on infrared absorption spectroscopy to determine identity and quantity of gases. The measurement of these gases has relied on different technologies including multi-pass spectroscopy, photoacoustic spectroscopy, cavity ring down spectroscopy, and their various modifications. In this review paper some technologies are described in terms of its advantages/disadvantages in many application. The results of own works about methane, ammonia, nitric oxide, nitrous oxide, and carbonyl sulfide detection are presented as well.
PL
W pracy omówiono najczęściej stosowane układy spektroskopii absorpcyjnej przeznaczone do wykrywania śladowych ilości niebezpiecznych gazów, par materiałów wybuchowych i wybranych biomarkerów w wydychanym powietrzu. Szczególną uwagę poświęcono układom z komórkami wieloprzejściowymi, metodzie CRDS (ang. Cavity Ring Down Spectroscopy) i jej odmianom. Omówiono problemy związane z absorpcją promieniowania podczerwonego przez parę wodną, oraz konstrukcją tego typu czujników w celu uzyskania możliwie jak największej czułości. Przedstawiono celowość stosowania układów służących do filtracji, osuszania oraz dostarczenia tak przygotowanej próbki do modułów zatężania (tzw. prekoncentratorów), a następnie do czujników.
EN
The paper presents laser absorption spectroscopy systems, which are the most commonly used for detection of trace hazardous gases, explosives vapors and the biomarkers in exhaled air. Particular attention was paid to the systems of multi-pass cells and cavity enhanced spectroscopy (CRDS, CEAS). Disadvantage influence of water vapor and carbon dioxide was analyzed. These gases occur in breath with high concentration, which cause a limitation of the sensitivity. The attempt to minimization of this effect and experimental results are also described.
15
Content available remote Projekt optoelektronicznego systemu do wykrywania biomarkerów w oddechu
PL
W artykule przedstawiono opis projektu systemu, który będzie umożliwiał wczesną diagnozę chorób na podstawie analizy oddechu człowieka. W ramach podjętych prac opracowany zostanie demonstrator optoelektronicznych sensorów do wykrywania lotnych markerów chorobowych. Będą w nim zastosowane wysokoczułe techniki spektroskopii laserowej takie jak spektroskopia w komórkach wieloprzejściowych (SWP) oraz spektroskopia strat we wnęce optycznej (SSWO). Zaproponowane metody detekcji mogą być zastosowane w diagnostyce medycznej, nawet w screeningu chorób, do oceny skuteczności leczenia, do monitorowania gazów egzogennych (emisji bakteryjnych lub trucizn) i w analizie gazów metabolicznych, we wczesnym wykrywaniu wznowy (ponowny wzrost stężenia cząstek), do późnego wykrywania wznowy - nawrotu choroby, lub do analizy skuteczności leków.
EN
Optoelectronic system designed to biomarkers detection - the paper presents a design of the system, which provides early diagnosis of diseases based on the analysis of human breath. The goal of the undertaken work is to develope the optoelectronic system for the detection of volatile disease markers. In this design, there are used highly sensitive laser spectroscopy techniques such as multipass spectroscopy and cavity ring-down spectroscopy. The proposed detection method can be used in medical diagnosis, even in the diseases screening, to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment, to the exogenous gases monitoring (bacterial emissions or toxins), to analyze metabolic gases, to detect disease recurrence (re-increase in the concentration of particles), and to analyze the medicines efficacy.
16
Content available Optoelektroniczne sensory gazów
PL
W artykule przedstawiono prace dotyczące optoelektronicznych sensorów gazów oraz osiągnięcia własne w zakresie wykrywania tlenków azotu (NOx). W sensorach do wykrywania NOx zastosowano polskie lasery emitujące promieniowanie o długości fali 410 nm oraz nowoczesne kwantowe lasery kaskadowe na zakres podczerwieni. Opracowane sensory charakteryzują się czułością graniczną na poziomie ppb i mogą być zastosowane do monitoringu zanieczyszczeń atmosfery, wykrywania materiałów wybuchowych oraz w diagnostyce chorób.
EN
The paper presents an overview of a few optoelectronic technologies for gases detection. Two sensors of nitrogen oxides (NOx) are also described. In the sensors the cavity enhanced absorption spectroscopy was applied. It is characterized by a very good sensitivity and selectivity of the detection process. The main aspect of its operation bases on absorption of the light by specific compounds. The identification of the matter is determined by spectral matching of the two spectra: optical radiation and absorption lines of species of interest. In contrast to the remote detection methods, the measurements are made at the place of sampling. Polish laser diodes and modern quantum cascade lasers were used there. Laser emission wavelengths were located in the visible (410 nm) and infrared range. The detection limit of ppb level was achieved. Due to that, they can be successfully applied to monitoring of atmospheric pollution, explosives detection and in diseases diagnosis. The preliminary studies using the developed sensors showed that it was possible to detect explosives such as TNT, PETN, RDX, HMX at the level of ng. Additionally, there is also discussed application of sensors to analysis of the exhaled air. This will be particularly useful for: the early detection of a disease, the monitoring of the therapy, the monitoring of the greenhouse exogenous (bacterial emissions or toxins), or the analysis of metabolic gases.
17
Content available remote Towards optoelectronic detection of explosives
EN
Detection of explosives is an important challenge for contemporary science and technology of security systems. We present an application of NOx sensors equipped with concentrator in searching of explosives. The sensors using CRDS with blue - violet diode lasers (410 nm) as well as with QCL lasers (5.26 µm and 4.53 µm) are described. The detection method is based either on reaction of the sensors to the nitrogen oxides emitted by explosives or to NOx produced during thermal decomposition of explosive vapours. For TNT, PETN, RDX, and HMX the detection limit better than 1 ng has been achieved.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono analizę i stan prac dotyczących możliwości wykrywania biomarkerów w wydychanym powietrzu. Podano biomarkery wybranych schorzeń, typowe stężenia tych markerów u ludzi zdrowych, oraz metody ich wykrywania. Przedstawiono system pomiarowy składający się z układu pobierania próbek, trzech torów wykrywania biomarkerów, oraz układu przetwarzania sygnału. Opracowano model laboratoryjny sensora do wykrywania tlenku azotu. Zastosowano w nim metodę zw. spektroskopią strat we wnęce optycznej i uzyskano czułość graniczną na poziomie 70 ppb.
EN
The paper presents a research concerning disease biomarkers detection in human breath. The change of concentration of certain molecules in the exhaled air can be used for monitoring of specific diseases. Selected biomarkers and related detection methods are described. Optoelectronic system for detection of nitric oxide as biomarker of respiratory inflammation or asthma is presented. A system consists of sampling module, three biomarker detection modules and signal-processing module. Preliminary tests showed that sensor provides opportunity to detect 70 ppb of nitric oxide. Such systems enable detection of pathogenic changes at the molecular level. Due to non-invasive operation, easy maintenance, the ability for immediate reusing, the measurement in real time and minimal nuisance of the patients, the system might be very useful tool for the health monitoring.
19
Content available remote Ultrasensitive laser spectroscopy for breath analysis
EN
At present there are many reasons for seeking new methods and technologies that aim to develop new and more perfect sensors for different chemical compounds. However, the main reasons are safety ensuring and health care. In the paper, recent advances in the human breath analysis by the use of different techniques are presented. We have selected non-invasive ones ensuring detection of pathogenic changes at a molecular level. The presence of certain molecules in the human breath is used as an indicator of a specific disease. Thus, the analysis of the human breath is very useful for health monitoring. We have shown some examples of diseases' biomarkers and various methods capable of detecting them. Described methods have been divided into non-optical and optical methods. The former ones are the following: gas chromatography, flame ionization detection, mass spectrometry, ion mobility spectrometry, proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry, selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry. In recent twenty years, the optical methods have become more popular, especially the laser techniques. They have a great potential for detection and monitoring of the components in the gas phase. These methods are characterized by high sensitivity and good selectivity. The spectroscopic sensors provide the opportunity to detect specific gases and to measure their concentration either in a sampling place or a remote one. Multipass spectroscopy, cavity ring-down spectroscopy, and photo-acoustic spectroscopy were characterised in the paper as well.
20
Content available remote Cavity ring down spectroscopy : detection of trace amounts of substance
EN
We describe several applications of cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS) for trace matter detection. NO₂ sensor was constructed in our team using this technique and blue-violet lasers (395–440 nm). Its sensitivity is better than single ppb. CRDS at 627 nm was used for detection of NO₃. Successful monitoring of N₂O in air requires high precision mid-infrared spectroscopy. These sensors might be used for atmospheric purity monitoring as well as for explosives detection. Here, the spectroscopy on sharp vibronic molecular resonances is performed. Therefore the single mode lasers which can be tuned to selected molecular lines are used. Similarly, the spectroscopy at 936 nm was used for sensitive water vapour detection. The opportunity of construction of H₂O sensor reaching the sensitivity about 10 ppb is also discussed.
first rewind previous Strona / 2 next fast forward last
JavaScript jest wyłączony w Twojej przeglądarce internetowej. Włącz go, a następnie odśwież stronę, aby móc w pełni z niej korzystać.