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2 Journal of KONES

2 2006

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Environmental impact of the automobiles

Hlaviia V., Isteník R.

Journal of KONES

2006

Vol. 13, No. 1

17-26

In the article one possible active way of reducing negative impact on gaseous emissions on the environment is analyzed. The core issue is not only fear that sources of energy can be exhausted but really topical and urgent is the question of environmental pollution. The impact on the environment caused by operation of automobiles is obvious. Although production of emissions in steady-state operations is more or less successfully solved, unsteady operational modes result in a substantially greater impact on the environment. They are, in particular, an engine start and an automobile start up. The article deals with an analysis of an automobile start up and offers some ways of reducing the impact on the environment during the start up. The articles also concerns on: impact of traffic on air pollution. relative comparison of influence of emissions of different types of transport, development of fuel consumption for road European spark ignition engines (ECE), development of limit values of solid particles for passenger and goods vehicles with diesel engines, possibilities of reducing negative impact on the environment caused by automobile operation, simulation of start up of the vehicle with a combustion engine, development of specific fuel consumption for different combustions engines.

Control of the air excess coefficient for the non-conventional engine

Hlavňa V., Sojčák D., Isteník R.

Journal of KONES

2006

Vol. 13, No. 2

117-124

One of the elements significant for the testing of combustion engines is the equipment for measurement of air consumed by the engine. The air excess coefficient, which depends on air consumption, is an important variable required for classification of combustion processes and evaluation for engine gas emissions. The paper deals with the solution of a flow field of a designed non-standardized measuring element with the objective of measurements and control of the air excess coefficient of the non-conventional combustion engine. In particular test stand (combustion engine – absorptive cooling equipmen)t, measuring element of the suction section of the combustion engine, modeling of the boundary layer, distribution of velocities and pressure field, distribution of density and temperatures in the flow field, course of static pressure and velocity in the measuring element axis for the engine torque, velocity profiles in cross sections, regulation of y+ parameter, comparison of velocities in dependence on torque, comparison of mass flow and pressure difference, contour of kinetic turbulent energy m2.s-2 for standardized and non-standardized measuring element, search dependence are presented in the paper.