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Integrin αv signaling influences phenotype and maturation of primary human osteoblasts on alumina surface

Wróbel E., Witkowska-Zimny M., Mrówka P., Głodkowska-Mrówka E.

Engineering of Biomaterials

2014

Vol. 17, no. 127

33--39

Due to the growing interest in stem cells application in tissue engineering the better understanding of primary human osteoblasts behavior in vitro, on biomaterial surface, is required. Among other molecules integrins may be taken into account as being involved in these phenomena. Integrins are a family of cell adhesion receptors, which may regulate many cellular functions e.g., adhesion, motility, phenotype and cell maturation. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the biomaterial surfaces and αv integrin signaling pathway on the behavior, phenotype and maturation of human osteoblasts in vitro. Human bone derived cells (HBDCs) obtained from adult femoral bone fragments were cultured on both alumina disks and tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS) dishes. After 7, 14, and 21 days of culture, localization and mRNA expression level of αv integrin subunits and BGLAP (osteocalcin) on polystyrene were analyzed in addition, we treated the cell cultures with monoclonal antibodies against human αv integrin to block its ligand-binding activity, on both alumina and TCPS substrates. We found that the αv integrin was present in focal contacts and cell cytoplasm at subsequent stages of cell maturation and the level of αv integrin mRNA was the highest in mature osteoblasts. Blocking αv integrin transduction pathway caused changes in cell activity and morphology, decreased cells proliferation on TCPS and reduced expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) on both materials. The results suggest that αv integrin is involved as an important receptor facilitating osteogenic differentiation.

Tissue engineering of bone: the role of osteoblasts in osteogenesis and peri-implant bone healing

Wróbel E., Witkowska-Zimny M.

Engineering of Biomaterials

2013

Vol. 16, no. 119

2--7

Osteoblasts are cells of mesenchymal origin, which rebuild resorbed bone by synthesizing bone matrix proteins and by inducing bone matrix mineralization. Osteoblasts play a crucial role in creating and maintenance of healthy bone architecture, bone repair, and peri-implant bone healing (osseointegration). These bone-forming cells are also involved in regulation of osteoclasts function, and hence bone resorption in osteoclastogenesis process. We have presented our own studies on the subsequent stages of differentiation of Human Bone-Derived Cells (HBDCs) that could be a good candidate as an autogenous source for reconstruction and rebuilding of own patient's bone using tissue engineering methods. In this review we discussed the biology of osteoblasts, compared with the HBDCs cultures, under the influence of growth factors (FGF-2, TGF-ß, IGF, PDGF) and hormones (PTH, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, leptin). Our review is also focused on the participation of intercellular adhesion proteins (cadherins, claudins, connexin, 'OsteoMacs'), transcription factors (Cbfal, Msx-2, Osx, ATF4), and others molecules (RANKL, OPG, BMP2, lactofferin, PPARY) in modulating osteoblasts functions on the basis of current reports, throwing new light on the involvement of osteoblasts during osteogenesis and peri-implant bone healing.