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PL
Kopalnia Wapienia „Czatkowice“ Sp. z o.o. jest wiodącym producentem sorbentów do odsiarczania gazów odlotowych. Jej aktualne zasoby zostaną wyczerpane w 2022 roku, a dalsza działalność wymaga przeniesienia eksploatacji w nową, północno-wschodnią partię złoża. Dla potrzeb pozyskania koncesji opracowano Raport, w którym rozważano dwa warianty eksploatacji nowej partii złoża. Uwzględniono w nich wyprzedzające działania minimalizujące w postaci utworzenia około 200-metrowego, leśnego pasa ochronnego wzdłuż północno-wschodnich granic złoża. W raporcie wykazano, że uwzględnienie w planowanej działalności kopalni celów środowiskowych i ponoszenie istotnych kosztów na działania minimalizujące wpływ na środowisko, może otworzyć drogę dla prowadzenia działalności górniczej w sąsiedztwie obszarów Natura 2000 i innych terenów chronionych.
EN
The “Czatkowice” Limestone Mine is a leading manufacturer of sorbents used for flue-gas desulphurization. The Mine’s current resources will be depleted in 2022, and further activity will require the relocation of the exploitation to the new, north-east part of the deposit. For the needs of obtaining the concession the report was worked out. In the report two variants of exploitation of the new part of the deposit were considered. In these variants were taken into account activities minimising the environmental impact in the form of creation of an about 200 metres long forest belt along the north-east border of the deposit. In the report it has been pointed out that taking into account in the planned mine activities the environmental aims and bearing costs for activities minimising the environmental impact can open the way for conducting mining activity in the neighbourhood of Nature 2000 areas and other protected grounds.
EN
The main objective of this paper was to investigate factors that affect bird species diversity at local spatial scales including the role of habitat heterogeneity. The studies were carried out in a mosaic landscape of southern Poland, in habitat fragments, each described by variables which characterised the size of the plot and its spatial structure, including vegetation. A species diversity index was then calculated for each plot using Shannon-Wiener index, based on count of nesting birds obtained through territory mapping method. Correspondence analysis (CA) was then used to illustrate relationships between groups of plots of different scopes of species diversity and the measured characteristics of the plots. The high diversity among birds was found to be primarily connected with an increase in the proportion of old forest, whereas the diversity decreased with an increase in the proportion of 'farmland' (including meadows and pastures). Other significant effects on the changes in species diversity were exerted by the degree of density in the herb layer and the tree canopy layer, as well as by the presence of wetlands. The local-scale inertia in the heterogeneous-type habitats results primarily from the differences in quality and structure of the plot, which reflect their position between the 'forest' - 'non-forest' gradient. In the studied range of sizes (0.2-40 ha), the size of a given plot is of lesser significance than that of the vegetation structure. All the variables which represent potential effects upon the local-scale diversity of birds, and the suitability of CA are discussed against the background of the results of this study and available literature data.
EN
White Stork (Ciconia ciconia) eggs were studied in Upper Silesia, Southern Poland. The measurements of eggs - their length, breadth, volume and elongation index were collected for 95 nests in years 1974-2002, and repeatability of these measurements was computed. Mean clutch size was 4.05 [plus-minus] 0.82. Mean egg measurements were: 72.10 [plus-minus] 2.18 mm, 52.19 [plus-minus] 1.47 mm, 100.49 [plus-minus] 6.92 cm^3 and 1.38 [plus-minus] 0.05, for length, breadth volume and elongation index, respectively. Coefficients of variation for clutch means ranged from 1.68 (breadth) to 4.37 (volume). Mean repeatability estimates were 0.53, 0.68, 0.63, 0.58 for length, breadth, volume and elongation index, respectively. The results obtained suggest that one should expect relatively low or intermediate heritability of egg dimensions in population studied.
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