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Impact of Activator Content on the Process of Photodegradation of PP Non-Wovens

Mielicka Elżbieta, Witkowska Beata, Puchowicz Dorota, Kamińska Irena

Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe

2021

Vol. 29, no. 3 (147)

47--59

The paper presents the test results of non-wovens modified by an activator in different concentrations, produced by the spun bonding method. The aim of the research was to assess the photodegradation process of modified PP non-wovens in dependence on the selected concentration of the modifying agent in the fibre mass and the possibility of introducing a new range of PP non-wovens in agriculture. Non-wovens having a mass per unit area of 100 g/m2 were exposed to sunlight during its highest intensity for a period of four months, and UV irradiance was tested in a xenon lamp with radiation doses corresponding to exposure to sunlight. The samples were exposed to the same energy value of visible and UV radiation in a given series of exposure. For the variants of non-wovens tested, the tensile strength and mass per unit area were tested and the surface topography of the non-wovens analysed. Microscopic analysis of fibre damage in the modified non-wovens was carried out after different degrees of exposure to light. It was observed that PP non-woven samples exposed outdoors degraded more intensively than those tested in the Xenotest.

Praca przedstawia wyniki badań włóknin, modyfikowanych aktywatorem o różnym stężeniu, wytworzonych metodą spun bonded. Włókniny o masie powierzchniowej 100 g/m2 poddano ekspozycji na światło słoneczne w okresie największego natężenia słońca przez okres czterech miesięcy. Równolegle prowadzono badania natężenia promieniowania UV w lampie xenonowej. Próbki otrzymały jednakową wartość energii promieniowania widzialnego i UV w danej serii naświetlania. Dla badanych wariantów włóknin wykonano badania wytrzymałości na rozciąganie, masy powierzchniowej oraz dokonano analizy topografii powierzchni włóknin. Przeprowadzono analizę mikroskopową uszkodzeń włókien modyfikowanej włókniny po różnym stopniu naświetlenia.

Application of Silica Aerogel in Composites Protecting Against Thermal Radiation

Krzemińska Sylwia, Cieślak Małgorzata, Kamińska Irena, Nejman Alicja

Autex Research Journal

2020

Vol. 20, no. 3

274--287

Aerogels are characterized by excellent insulation properties and a good resistance to high and low temperatures. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of silica aerogel on thermal properties of textile–polymer composites. Aerogel was applied in protective clothing fabric to improve its heat resistance. The composites were produced by coating a fabric made of meta-aramid (polyamide–imide) yarns with a dispersion of polychloroprene latex and synthetic resins or an acrylic–styrene dispersion with aerogel (100–700 μm particle size). The composites were subjected to thermal radiation (20 kW/m2) and their thermal properties were determined by thermogravimetry/derivative thermogravimetry (TG/DTG). Scanning electron microscopy/X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM/EDS) was used to characterize the microstructure and study the elemental composition of materials. The thermal conductivity and resistance of composites were measured with an Alambeta apparatus. The tests indicated an increase in resistance to thermal radiation by approximately 15–25%. In TG/DTG analysis, the initial temperature for an unmodified fabric was 423.3°C. After modification, it decreased to 361.8° and 365.3°C for composites with 7 and 14% of aerogel, respectively. SEM images revealed a reduction in aerogel particle size.