Calculation of relay protection (RP) settings ensuring its adequate functioning under specific operating conditions is extremely difficult task. The main prerequisite for solving this problem is availability of a detailed analysis of functioning of key elements of RPs schemes in the specific conditions of its operation. That is possible to do with adequate RPs mathematical models and modern EPS simulators. Based on developed by authors approach for detailed RPs simulation the models of the whole circuit of measuring part (MP) of numerical transformer differential protection were developed for different types of auxiliary transformers and low-pass filters. A comparative numerical analysis of its impact on the primary signal processing is carried out, including taking into account the magnetization current transformers. Summarizing, the theoretical and practical studies presented in the article allows formulating requirements for RPs’ detailed mathematical models, which will be used in the further research.
PL
W artykule analizoano warunki prawidłowej pracy cyfrowego zabezpieczenia pracy transformatora. W tym celu opracowano model matematyczny układu zabezpieczającego ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem pracy filtru. Przeprowadzono symulacje dla różnych typów zewnętrznego transformatora i filtru dolnoprzepustowego.
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The substantiation of the necessity of increasing the completeness and reliability of processes modeling in electric power systems is given in this article. The synthesis of universal three-phase mathematical model of a power transformer (autotransformer), reproducing a significant spectrum of normal and abnormal processes in a transformer, taking into account the magnetization curve, is presented. The description of software and hardware simulation tools providing a methodically accurate solution of synthesized universal model in real time is described. The obtained simulation results confirm the adequacy of developed tools and the possibility of using in analysis and research of processes in electric power systems.
PL
Przedstawiono model matematyczny t– autotransformator, procesy zachodzące w transformatorze z uwzględnieniem krzywej magnesowania. Zaproponowano opragramowanie I bazę sprzętową do syntezy w czasie rzeczywistym.
The problem of robust linear and nonlinear diagnostic observer design is considered. A method is suggested to construct the observers that are disturbance decoupled or have minimal sensitivity to the disturbances. The method is based on a logic-dynamic approach which allows us to consider systems with non-differentiable nonlinearities in the state equations by methods of linear algebra.
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