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The use of geological and geophysical methods to constrain the genesis of earth mounds at archaeological sites in the Jasło Foothills (south-eastern Poland)

Gębica Piotr, Pasterkiewicz Wojciech, Rajchel Lucyna

Geological Quarterly

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2021

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Vol. 65, No. 4

s. 225--236

EN

We show how geological and geophysical studies conducted in the Jasło Foothills, near Dukla, help constrain the genesis of two mounds, understood as heaped piles of earth, circular in plan view, located in Łęki Dukielskie (site 27 “Pod Kopcem”) and Dukla (site 7). Eleven hand auger holes yielded sediment samples for grain size analysis by laser (with a Fritsch apparatus). Hand auger holes were also made at sites in Wietrzno-Sośnina (site 29), and in Łęki Dukielskie (site 5). Three of the mounds (Łęki Dukielskie sites 5 and 27 “Pod Kopcem”, Wietrzno-Sośnina site 29) are revealed to be of natural origin, i.e. they are rock “lumps” covered with a thin layer of weathered silty-clay deposits. The fourth of the mounds (Dukla site 7) was found to have an anthropogenic origin; given its dimensions, it can be considered a late Neolithic Corded Ware kurgan. The geological analyses were complemented by GPR measurements, which supported the observations based on augering results.

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The origin and chemical composition of Carpathians chloride CO2-rich waters in the light of stable chlorine isotope studies (37Cl and 35Cl)

Dembska-Sięka Paulina, Pelc Andrzej, Rajchel Lucyna

Geological Quarterly

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2020

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Vol. 64, No. 1

197--204

EN

Investigations into chloride CO2-rich water occurring in the Polish and Slovakian Carpathians were carried out to gain a better understanding of the Cl- sources. The primary Cl- concentration in sea water, processes accompanying diagenesis, together with water-rock-gas interactions, have undoubtedly influenced the present content of chlorides. The Cl-- concentrations in the waters analysed vary from 35.5 to 4148.3 mg/l, lower than in sea water, with a mean ~19000 mg/l. The measured δ37Cl values range from -1.15 to -0.26‰, below the typical sea water value of 0‰. It might be concluded that the chemical and isotopic composition of these waters are the result of reactions during diagenesis (e.g., ion exchange or diffusion through low-permeability clay layers) as well as meteoric water influx.

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Mikroorganizmy wybranych wód chlorkowych Karpat Polskich

Walczak Maciej, Rajchel Lucyna

Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego

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2019

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nr 475, Hydrogeologia z. 16

221-227

PL

W artykule zaprezentowano wyniki badań fizykochemicznych i mikrobiologicznych wytypowanych wód chlorkowych z obszaru Karpat fliszowych z miejscowości: Rabka-Zdrój, Krynica-Zdrój, Poręba Wielka, Wysowa-Zdrój, Lubatówka, Iwonicz-Zdrój i Rymanów-Zdrój, oraz solankę z dewońskich utworów podłoża Karpat z Ustronia-Zdroju. Analizowane wody chlorkowe to wody słonawe, słone i solanki charakteryzujące się mineralizacją od 1,5 do 100,3 g/dm3. Badane wody należą do leczniczych wód mineralnych, które wykorzystywane są w balneoterapii. We wszystkich próbkach wody stwierdzono obecność mikroorganizmów. Liczebność mikroorganizmów hodowalnych na ogół była jednak bardzo niska. W przypadku dwóch ujęć (Ustroń odw. U-3 oraz Rabka odw. IG 2) nie udało wyhodować się żadnych mikroorganizmów. Identyfikacja pozyskanych izolatów potwierdziła inne doniesienia świadczące o tym, że skład gatunkowy mikroorganizmów wód podziemnych jest ściśle powiązany ze składem chemicznym. W wielu ujęciach solanek stwierdzono np. mikroorgaznimy halofilne lub halotolerancyjne.

EN

The article presents the results of physicochemical and microbiological tests of selected chloride waters from the Flysch Carpathians in Rabka-Zdrój, Krynica-Zdrój, Poręba, Wysowa-Zdrój, Lubatówka, Iwonicz-Zdrój and Rymanów-Zdrój, as well as brine from Devonian deposits of the Carpathians in Ustroń-Zdrój. These chloride waters are represented by brackish water, salt water and brines characterized by mineralization ranging from 1.5 to 100.3 g/dm3. They are curative mineral waters used in balneotherapy. The presence of microorganisms was found in all tested waters. The number of cultivated microorganisms was, however, generally very low. In the case of two intakes (Ustroń U-3 and Rabka IG 2), no microorganisms have been cultivated. The identification of the isolates obtained confirms other reports indicating that the species composition of groundwater microorganisms is closely related to the chemical composition. In many intakes of brines, for example, either halophilic or halotolerant microorganisms have been found.