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2 2024

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Design Criteria for a Cycleway Network Using GIS, Topographic Levelling and Spatial Analysis

Lycourghiotis Sotiris, Crawford Elizabeth Paraskevi

Inżynieria Mineralna

2024

Vol. 1, no. 1

247--253

The current need for the creation of cycleways in traditional cities often presents problems. Converting existing roads into cycleways frequently creates serious traffic issues without leading to the expected increase in bicycle use. In order to overcome some of these problems, this paper presents a composite methodology using GIS, topographic levelling and spatial analysis. Upon application of this methodology in a case study in the city of Patras, Greece, problems with the city’s existing, recentlyconstructed cycleway are identified. After applying topographical, qualitative and population criteria, an alternative network of cycleways is proposed. This proposed new network does not create traffic congestion, as the basic criterion for selecting roads is their low traffic load. At the same time, topographic leveling is employed to select routes with a very low gradient (<2%), which is a determining factor in making the network attractive to users. Using spatial analysis, the network is spread in order to serve all areas of the city, making it available to the vast majority of residents. Finally, the findings of a social research poll (through the use of a questionnaire) indicate that the creation of such a network could increase bicycle use by a factor of up to18, which would make bicycles the main mode of transport for 22% of residents.

A Study of The Geoid and Marine Topography in Lagoons

Lycourghiotis Sotiris, Paraskevi Crawford Elizabeth, Kariotou Foteini

Inżynieria Mineralna

2024

Vol. 1, no. 1

181--185

The study of geoid fluctuations in coastal areas is extremely important in understanding the changes in the extent of the Earth’s crust and also in the form of the mean sea surface topography (MSST). In recent years, the GNSS-on-boat method has made important steps towards the detailed description of marine topography, achieving precision to the order of a few centimeters, which is much more significant than has been achieved with the alternative satellite and altimetric methods. In this study, the method is applied for the first time in a lagoon, a challenging but exceptionally interesting environment both from a geophysical and hydrodynamic viewpoint. The ‘Papas’ lagoon in Western Achaia (Greece) was chosen for field measurements. The result for the geoid form shows a peak (13-15cm) in the marine topography approximately in the center of the lagoon. If this is confirmed in other lagoons or lakes, it will constitute a significant contribution to hydrocyanic dynamic models, which currently take as a basic assumption that the surface of the water is level. At the same time, the form of the SST indicates a significant reduction in gravity in the center of the lagoon, which may be linked either with a local reduction in the thickness-density of the Earth’s crust or with the existence of underground voids, faults or deposits.