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2 Journal of Ecological Engineering

2 2024

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Biotechnology of Organic Animal Waste Processing Based on Eisenia fetida (Savigny, 1826)

Ergasheva Xafiza Isroilovna, Ismailov Zafar Fayzullayevich, Raxmatullayev Alimardan Yusupovich, Raxmatullayev Yorqin Shokirovich, Davronov Barno Orziyevich, Raxmatillayeva Yulduz Baxtiyor Qizi

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2024

Vol. 25, nr 5

70--78

Currently, the use of vermicompost in organic soil nutrition is highly efficient. The efficiency of vermicompost production at an industrial level is directly related to the correct implementation of this biotechnological process. In the conducted research, a local earthworm species, Eisenia fetida (Savigny, 1826), was used in the preparation of vermicompost from animal organic waste, which accumulates in large quantities in the livestock sector of agriculture. In the conducted experiments, local species of earthworms suitable for vermiculture were selected, and the optimal conditions of the substrate for their survival were studied. As a result of the research, it is possible to increase the efficiency of agricultural production by localizing low-cost biohumus production technology in Uzbekistan based on the use of local earthworms. In the conducted experiments, earthworms started feeding when the moisture level of the substrate was 30%. Their further development processes were manifested differently at different humidity levels. The earthworm hybrid breed had good development indicators at a relatively high humidity of 70–80%. In local species, this indicator was 60–70%. In the experiments, the optimal living conditions of local earthworms were studied and used in biotechnological processes.

Biotechnological Processing of Organic and Domestic Waste and the Effect of Obtained Vermicompost on Soil Fertility

Ergasheva Xafiza Isroilovna, Ismailov Zafar Fayzullayevich, Alikulov Begali Saydullayevich, Jo‘raqulovna Nasiba Xodjayeva, Tillaeva Zarrina Faxriddinovna, Abdullaev Ikram Iskandarovich, Raxmatullayev Alimardan Yusupovich, Ergasheva Olimaxon Khaliqjonovna

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2024

Vol. 25, nr 8

119--129

Vermicomposting in comparison to conventional composting has several advantages, such as faster treatment of organic waste and production of manure compost with lower levels of salinity. Therefore, the determination of optimal mixtures of organic waste and manure for vermicomposting and deployment of local earthworms for this procedure have important implications in plant agriculture. In this work, the vermicompost was prepared from mixtures of manure (cattle, horse and sheep) and household organic waste (wood shavings, paper, leaves, fruit and vegetable waste) in various ratios. To convert the organic waste to the vermicompost we used the local earthworm Eisenia fetida (Savigny, 1826), while a hybrid species Eisenia anderii (Iogonen, 1995), served as control. Chemical analysis of the resulting vermicompost revealed significant increase in nutrient content compared to the initial substrate: the total nitrogen (N) was increased by 79%, phosphorus (P) by 89% and potassium (K) by 62%. The efficacy of the vermicompost, which was evaluated to have high NPK content, was further studied by observing its impact on the growth of local cucumber variety Miracle F1. As a control, the plants were cultured in medium without vermicompost (black sand). In this work, we examined the effect of different proportions of vermicompost on the development and yield of cucumber seedlings. The experiments were conducted in the greenhouse of the Institute of Biochemistry, Samarkand State University. Cucumber seedlings were grown in a medium containing 10%, 20%, 30% vermicompost.