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Content available remote Time-frequency analysis of the surge onset in the centrifugal blower
EN
Time frequency analysis of the surge onset was performed in centrifugal blower. Pressure signal was registered at the blower inlet, blower outlet and three locations at the impeller shroud. The time-frequency scalograms were obtained by means of the Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT). The blower was found to successively operate in four different conditions: stable working conditions, inlet recirculation, transient phase and the deep surge. Scalograms revealed different spectral structure of aforementioned phases and suggest possible ways of detecting the surge predecessors.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono ciągłą transformację falkową sygnałów (CWT) i falkową funkcję interkorelacji oraz zastosowanie tych narzędzi do: 1) opisu przejścia sprężarki z pracy statecznej do pompowania; 2) identyfikacji fal ciśnienia wirujących wokół osi sprężarki; 3) modelowania rozkładu ciśnienia statycznego w obszarze wirnika; 4) diagnostyki zbliżającego się pompowania.
EN
The continuous wavelet transform (CWT) and the wavelet cross-correlation function are presented in the paper as well as an application of these tools to: 1) describe the transition from compressor stable operation to surge; 2) identify pressure waves rotating around the compressor axis; 3) model the static pressure distribution in the impeller area; 4) diagnose impending surge.
EN
The direct aim of this study is to elaborate and demonstrate certain research methods that yield a detailed description of flow phenomena, which cause a de crease in performance, or even darnages of compressors. The indirect aim is to provide the knowledge that applied in practical solutions enables one to prevent such phenomena. Instability of the compression system and local flow phenomena in a cen- trifugal compressor that precede instability are the subject of the investigation presented in the monograph. The time-frequency signal analysis, accomplished by means of the continuous wavelet transform, is the main tool of research used in the study. The wavelet cross-correlation function is another important method of the signal processing applied here. The sources of the signals under analysis were the experiments conducted on the test rig of the centrifugal compressor at the Institute of Turbomachinery , Technical University of Lodz, Poland. Pressure signals were simultaneously recorded from different compressor areas, while the compressor was slowly driven into surge by closing a throttling valve. A transition from compressor stable operation to surge was divided into four operation phases, based on the spectral structure of the pressure signal acquired upstream of the impeller. The last phase of operation, that is surge, was divided into six stages. Each phase of the stable operation, as well as each stage of surge, was ana- lysed thoroughly. The continuous wavelet transform was applied to show a timedependent spectral structure of signals, whereas the wavelet cross-correlation was used to identify rotating pressure waves and to estimate their velocity. Rotating pressure waves, identified for one of the surge stages, were used to build a simplified model of the circumferential distribution of static pressure in the impeller area. The method of generation of the signal that warns against surge is presented. This signal was obtained by demodulation of a pressure signal from the impeller area. The demodu- lation was accomplished with the same algorithm as used ton compute the continuous wavelet transform. The presented results of research lead to the final conclusion that the applied methods of signal analysis are useful and important tools in investigations of compressor instability.
EN
The paper employs the results of the experiment that brought slowly the compressor to surge by closing the throttling valve. The continuous wavelet transform applied to the pressure signals obtained during this experiment shows different phases of compressor operation that manifest themselves in the time-frequency domain. A change of the signal spectrum in the vicinity of the instability area, detected with the adaptive signal filtering, was used to indicate the compressor approach to the surge zone.
PL
W pracy pokazano silną zależność reprezentacji czasowo-częstotliwościowej sygnału od rodzaju falki użytej do analizy. Przedstawiono kilka falek o wartościach zespolonych oraz falki rzeczywiste, będące pochodnymi funkcji Gaussa. Porównano analizę sygnału wykonaną za pomocą ciągłej transformacji falkowej, w której użyto tych falek.
EN
A strong dependence of the time-frequency signal representation on the type of the wavelet used in the analysis is shown. A few analytical wavelets and real-value derivatives of Gaussian wavelets are presented. Some effects of the signal analysis carried out by means of the continuous wavelet transform in which these wavelets were applied are compared.
PL
W pracy opisano badania niestatecznej pracy sprężarki promieniowej przeprowadzone w laboratorium Instytutu Maszyn Przepływowych PŁ. Przedstawiono analizę czasowo-częstotiwościową niestacjonarnych sygnałów ciśnienia, dokonaną za pomocą ciągłej transformaty falkowej, w której jako funkcji analizującej użyto falki Morleta. Analiza ta ujawniła oscylacje ciśnienia w obszarze koła wirnikowego, które zidentyfikowano jako oderwanie wirujące.
EN
MEANS OF WAVELET ANALYSIS The investigations of the unstable operation of the centrifugal compressor conducted in the laboratory of the Institute of Turbomachinery, TU Lodz, are described. Unsteady pressure signals are analysed by means of the continuous wavelet transform with the Morlet wavelet. This analysis shows pressure oscillations in the impeller area, identified as a rotating stall.
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