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Effect of phosphorus on the growth and photosynthetic pigments content of Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench in in vitro cultures

Figas A., Tomaszewska-Sowa M., Sawilska A., Bocian K., Figas A.

Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich

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2016

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nr III/1

697--704

EN

The plant material were plants of sandy everlasting (Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench) collected from natural locations in October 2012. Initial explants were apical buds enfolded into two leaves. Isolated explants were chemically sterilized. Reproducted shoots were divided and put into three types of mediums: medium MS (control) containing 37 mg P·dm-3, medium MS without additive of P (0,0 mg P·dm-3), medium MS with additional amound of P (74 mg P·dm-3). The aim of research was to specify the influence of phosphorus content in medium for choosen growth parameters and accumulation of assimilatory pigments: chlorophyll a, b, chlorophyll a+b, carotenoids. Analysis of these compounds were done spectrophotometrically. The made research, proved, that the richest in mentioned substances were microseedlings growing on the medium with increased amount of phosphorus. Phosphorus deficiency in medium MS had a statistically essential effect on changes in growth modifications of microseedlings of sandy everlasting (Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench). Additional amount of phosphorus in the medium had a statistically essential effect on increasing of chlorophyll a+b in comparison with plants growing on the medium MS with optimal phosphorus amount or without this element by accordinglly 36% and 23%. Moreover, it caused a growth of content of chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids by accordinglly 18%, 32%, 20% in comparison with variant, where the medium MS without phosphorus was applied.

2

Influence of mycorrhiza on the growth and flowering in cultivated plants of Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench (Asteraceae)

Sawilska A., Jendrzejczak E., Kieliszewska-Rokicka B.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2010

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Vol. 58, nr 4

627-634

EN

Sandy everlasting, Helichrysum arenarium, a perennial belonging to Asteraceae family, is a source of valuable herbal material and therefore is under partial protection in Poland. It grows in sunny places on sandy soils, in abandoned fields, along roadsides and in dry forests and thickets, where it enters into symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. The studies on the biology, ecology and cultivation of sandy everlasting have been vigorously pursued since 2003. The aim of this work was assessing the influence of root colonisation by mycorrhizal fungi on the growth and development of H. arenarium cultivated on clayey soil. Two independent experiments (in the pots and in field) were performed. In the first one, under laboratory conditions, the effect of inoculation of soil with arbuscular fungus Glomus intraradices on the biometric features of sandy everlasting seedlings was analyzed. The second experiment was designed to show the association of the root colonisation level with the biometric features of generative shoots grown in an open field. It was demonstrated that sandy clay is an appropriate medium for growing sandy everlasting, enabling a proper development of seedlings and ensuring high inflorescence yield. The amendment of soil with inoculum resulted in a significant decrease in the mass of vegetative and generative shoot parts and made the cultivation more expensive. The inflorescence yield (Inflorescentia Helichrysi) obtained from inoculated plots was lower by 36%.

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Influence of Cement Dust on Selected Properties of Soils and the Morphology of Pine (Pinus sylvestris L) Needles from the Forest Stands in the Surroundings of “Lafarge” – Cement Plant in Bielawy

Sawilska A., Jaworska H., Dąbkowska-Naskręt H.

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. A

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2010

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Vol. 17, nr 10

1249-1255

EN

In the present research the impact of cement dust emitted by cement plant Lafarge S.A. – in Bielawy on soil and forest stands were investigated. Selected physicochemical properties of soils and the morphology of Scots pine needles were studied. The soils in the vicinity of the cement plant have elevated pH and contained CaCO3 in the surface horizons due to alkaline dust accumulation. Shoots and needles of Scots pine were covered with thin layer of cemented dust. Pine needles from trees near the dust emitter were shorter and more narrow than needles from the trees beond the dust impact. Thus, pine trees in the vicinity of cement dust emitter have lower assimilation surfaces that might cause the lowering of photosynthesis process.

PL

Celem podjętych badań była ocena wpływu pyłów cementowo-wapienniczych na wybrane właściwości gleb oraz na stan ulistnienia drzewostanów sosnowych w otoczeniu Zakładów Cementowo--Wapienniczych "Lafarge" w Bielawach. Badania przeprowadzono na próbkach pochodzących z dwóch profili gleb uprawnych: gleba bielicowa właściwa (P1) zlokalizowana na skraju lasu sosnowego oraz gleba płowa typowa (P2) - oddalona o 200 m od lasu mieszanego, leżąca w pobliżu emitora. Materiał roślinny stanowiły igły sosny Pinus sylvestris L., zebrane z drzew rosnących w sąsiedztwie pól uprawnych, z których pochodziły próbki glebowe. W próbkach glebowych oznaczono uziarnienie, odczyn, C-organiczny, kationową pojemność sorpcyjną oraz zawartość CaCO3. Ocenę materiału roślinnego (po segregacji wg wieku igieł) przeprowadzono na podstawie danych biometrycznych uzyskanych za pomocą programu komputerowy Digishape (Cortex Nova 2005). Analizowane gleby charakteryzują się uziarnieniem odpowiadającym piaskom słabogliniastym (P1) i piaskom gliniastym (P2). Badane gleby mają odczyn lekko kwaśny (pHKCl 5,6-6,5). Poziomy powierzchniowe charakteryzują się wyraźnie większymi wartościami pH, co wynika ze wzbogacenia tych poziomów w CaCO3. Zawartość próchnicy w poziomach Ap była typowa dla gleb badanego regionu i wynosiła 1,14 g kg-1 (P1) i 0,78 g kg-1 (P2). Z analizy biometrycznej igieł sosnowych wynika, że ich powierzchnia oraz długość maleją z biegiem lat, natomiast szerokość rośnie. Materiał roślinny pochodzący z drzew rosnących bliżej emitora charakteryzuje się znacznie mniejszą powierzchnią asymilacyjną. Igły sosnowe były w tym przypadku krótsze i węższe.