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Vitra. Dobra architektura czy chwyt marketingowy?

Wykrota A., Zimnoch M.

PUA Przestrzeń Urbanistyka Architektura

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2018

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Vol. 1

119--131

PL

Vitra jest absolutnym pionierem w dziedzinie designu i od ponad 60 lat uznawana jest za czołową markę przemysłu meblarskiego. Jednak mimo że zajmuje się przede wszystkim kreowaniem trendów z zakresu wzornictwa przemysłowego, znana jest również z niezwykłej architektury tworzącej siedzibę całej fabryki. Jak doszło do tego, że to właśnie architektura stała się wizytówka firmy meblarskiej? Dlaczego Vitra zdecydowała się na zainwestowanie gigantycznej sumy pieniędzy w rozwój fabryki, która równie dobrze mogłaby przybrać formę typowego zakładu produkcyjnego usytuowanego na uboczu nie przykuwającego niczyjej uwagi? Odpowiedzią jest stwierdzenie prostego faktu: Vitra postawiła na AUTENTYCZNOŚĆ.

EN

Vitra is undeniably a pioneer in the field of product and interior design and for over 60 years has been known as a top brand in the furniture industry. Even though it creates objects mainly from the field of industrial design, it is also known for the amazing architecture of the company’s headquarters. How did the architecture become the firm’s showcase? Why did Vitra decide to pump a gigantic amount of money into the development of the factory buildings that could also have been a group of bunkhouses and nobody would have been shocked? The answer to these questions is one simple truth – Vitra bet on AUTHENTICITY.

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Anthropogenic changes of CO2, CH4, N2O, CFCI3, CF2Cl2, CCl2FCClF2, CHCl3, CH3CCI3, CCI4, SF6 and SF5CF3 mixing ratios in the atmosphere over southern Poland

Różański K., Nęcki J., Chmura Ł., Śliwka I., Zimnoch M., Bielewski J., Gałkowski M., Bartyzel J., Rosiek J.

Geological Quarterly

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2014

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Vol. 58, No. 4

673–-684

EN

An overview of long-term, sysiematic observations of trace gas composition of the atmosphere over southern Poland is given. Three major greenhouse gases (CO2, CH4, N2O) and selected halocarbons (freons F-11, F-12 and F-113; chloroform; 1,1,1-trichloroetane; carbon tetrachloride; sulphur hexafluoride and trifluoromethyl sulphur pentafuoride) were monitored. Measurements were performed at two locations of contrasting characteristics: (1) the high-mountain site Kasprowy Wierch, High Tatras, representing atmospheric conditions relatively free of local influences, and (2) two sites located in the Kraków agglomeration, representing a typical urban atmosphere. The data available for Kraków and Kasprowy Wierch were compared with the Mace Head data, representing a marine regional background. The impact of continental sources for some of the measured gases is clearly seen in the Kraków and Kasprowy Wierch records. The mean offset between CH4 concentrations recorded at Kasprowy Wierch and at Mace Head for the period 1998-2012 is 20.7 ppb and stems from continental emissions of this gas originating mainly from anthropogenic activities (leaks of natural gas distribution networks, landfills, livestock). For N2O, a similar offset of ca. 1 ppb for the period 2009-2012 was observed. Although the long-term concentration trends of selected halogenated compounds measured in Kraków coincide in general with the respective trends in Mace Head data, the Kraków records contain numerous spikes and periods of enhanced concentrations, reflecting the impact of local sources of these compounds. The impact of a legislative framework enforced in Poland in July 2002, regulating the trade, storage and disposal of ozone-depleting substances, is visible in the Kraków record of halogenated compounds.

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Estimation of defect depth in steel plate using lock-in IR thermography

Zimnoch M., Oliferuk W., Maj M.

Acta Mechanica et Automatica

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2010

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Vol. 4, no. 4

106-109

EN

The paper deals with the application of lock-in active infrared thermography as one of the non-contact and nondestructive techniques used for defect depth estimation. Preliminary research was done by testing a specimen made of austenitic steel plate with artificially created defects, i.e. flat-bottom holes. The obtained dependence between defect depth and phase shift was presented for different frequencies of “thermal waves” generated inside the sample. The experiment was carried out to determine the application of the lock-in thermography approach in testing materials with a high thermal diffusivity.

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Stable isotope composition of carbon dioxide emitted from anthropogenic sources in the Kraków region, Southern Poland

Zimnoch M.

Nukleonika

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2009

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Vol. 54, No. 4

291-295

EN

The summary of the measurements of CO2 stable isotopic composition emitted from different anthropogenic sources in the Krakow region is presented. The sources are divided into three main groups . high emission (electric and heat power plants), low emission (coal and methane burning in the households) and car traffic (gasoline, diesel and LPG supplied engines equipped and not equipped with catalyst). Presented results include two measurement campaigns made in the years 1995 and 2000. The measurements revealed three well-defined groups with respect to carbon isotope composition (delta13CVPDB): .30.60 plus-minus sign 0.37 per mille (thousand) sign (car traffic) .23.82 plus-minus sign 0.10 per mille (thousand) sign (coal burning) and .51.8 plus-minus sign 1.1per mille (thousand) sign (methane burning). The oxygen isotope composition (delta18OVPDB-CO2) of CO2 varied in a broad range, from ca. .11per mille (thousand) sign to ca. .22 per mille (thousand) sign, the most negative values being observed for coal and methane burning and the most positive for cars equipped with a catalyst. No significant isotopic shift has been observed between two measurement campaigns.

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Główne gazy cieplarniane w atmosferze Polski południowej CH4, CO2. Stężenie i skład izotopowy

Kuc T., Zimnoch M, Nęcki J., Różański K.

Postępy Techniki Jądrowej

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2002

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Vol. 45, z. 3

12-18

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Construction of local atmospheric CH4 and CO2 balance in heavily polluted urban areas on the example of Kraków city

Nęcki J. M., Zimnoch M., Mirosław J., Lasa J.

Chemia Analityczna

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1999

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Vol. 44, No. 5

841-847

EN

The application of analytical methods of atmospheric chemistry for balancing of green-house gases on the area under strong anthropogenic impact is presented. Gas chroma-tography and mass spectrometry analysis performed in two places (Kraków citylaboratory, Kasprowy Wierch-mountain station) gives opportunity to resolve con-structed model and observe contributions of different sources influence on the total CO2 concentration. It was possible also to point large leakage of city gas network as dominant source of methane in Kraków region.

PL

Przedstawiono możliwość wykorzystania technik analitycznych stosowanych w chemii atmosfery do ilościowego zbilansowania emisji gazów cieplarnianych na obszarach silnej antropopresji. Pomiary z użyciem chromatografu gazowe go oraz spektrometru mas wykonywane w dwóch punktach (Kraków i Kasprowy Wierch) dają możliwość rozwiązania założonego przez model układu równań i obserwacji wkładu poszczególnych źródeł emisji do całkowitej zawartości dwutlenku węgla w powietrzu Krakowa. Autorzy wskazują na przecieki w miejskiej sieci gazowniczej Krakowa jako główne źródło metanu na terenie Krakowa.