Musculoskeletal disorders are the most common work-related health problem in Europe. They affect the health of individual employees and increase the financial and social spending of European companies and countries. From a biomechanical point of view, the spine is the most stressed part of the human body. Back pain is one of the most common diseases of civilization. Excessive loading of this part of the body in the work process can lead to the emergence of serious diseases. The article provides an overview of the course of diseases of the musculoskeletal system in Slovakia. It also describes the available methods for assessing the load on the spine, as the most stressed part of the body, of employees in industrial enterprises.
Constantly improving, which is one of the principles of quality management is the base for good understanding, behaviour of individual processes, investigating variability and impact on its the process. The aim of every business is to increase profits. Reducing the cost of tools can also contribute to this. Utilising the DOE method to reduce the durability of removable cutting plate, as describe the article, is one of way, how to apply this method in practice. The DOE method enables find factors that are the most relevant to the production process and determine their best values. Using this method, you can set the selected inputs so that, the process achieves the desired results with maximum stability and resilience. The article contains a brief overview of Minitab software by which the collected process data was analysed. The core of the article describes how to solve the problem using the singular phases of the DMAIC cycle. Each of these phases has its own specific aim, which logically defines what activities each step is aimed at. DMAIC is extended variant of the process improvement model based at the Deming circle PDCA. Six sigma methodology is used as a standard procedure for project planning and realisation. At the end of an article is described that by increase durability of removable cutting plate the problems found in the analysis of the current condition that have been validated by a case study in the company have been eliminated.
The issue of static load arises as a result of the optimization of activities and the natural development of industry towards digitization, implementation of technologies in the production process and elimination of manual work. Due to the inherent need to facilitate or completely replace manual work with machines, human activity focuses on the development, design, and management of these machines. This article presents the results of a survey of the representation of professions with the primary seated position in the selected industrial enterprise in comparison with the most frequently registered professions in specific sectors. Likewise, the authors also deal with the elimination of static loads arising from the performance of sedentary work through ergonomic chairs offered on the Slovak market. The paper presents the results of the market analysis focusing on the parameters of office chairs, which are marked as ergonomic or health. The findings of these surveys serve as one of the starting points for the design of a complex dynamic office workplace, which the authors deal with in research at the Department of Industrial Engineering at the University of Zilina.
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