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The Influence of Growth Regulators on the Productivity of Flax Plants

Khodanitska Olena, Shevchuk Oksana, Tkachuk Olesia, Kuryata Volodymyr, Polyvanyi Stepan, Matviichuk Oleksandr, Kryklyvyi Rostyslav

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2023

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Vol. 24, iss. 5

163--169

EN

Contemporary agrobiology is aimed at solving the problem of sufficiently stable agricultural crop yield, given the principles of eco-friendly nature use and mandatory monitoring of anthropogenic load on agrocenoses. Hormonal regulation of physiological functions, including the use of preparations based on phytohormones and modifiers of their activity, is one of the topical directions for tackling the problem of plant productivity. The article presents the research results of the effect of the inhibitor of antigibberellin action – chlormequat chloride – and the stimulator based on treptoleum phytohormones on the processes of morphogenesis, the formation of the photosynthetic apparatus, and the yield of flax plants. The plant height is established to decrease under the action of chlormequat chloride, and increase under the influence of treptolem. Both preparations caused an increase in the flax stem diameter. When applying growth regulators, the number of leaves and their total surface area, duration of functioning increased, which generally contributed to the improvement of the crop structure and flax plants productivity. Determination of the content of residual amounts of drugs was carried out on samples of leaves and stems of flax, while the complete absence or traces of chlormequat chloride was noted.

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Influence of Chlormequatchloride on Morphogenesis and Productivity of Cruciferous Plants

Polyvanyi Stepan, Polyvana Alina, Sakalova Halyna, Shevchuk Oksana, Khodanitska Olena, Tkachuk Olesia, Matviichuk Oleksandr, Knyazuk Oleg, Stepanenko Inna, Zavalnyuk Oksana

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 23, nr 9

53--60

EN

At present, there are burning issues concerning waste utilization of the agro-industrial complex, rational usage of nature and transition to the use of environmentally friendly and low-waste technologies. One of the most forward-looking areas is the application of the principles of the so-called "green chemistry", in particular, the development of technological processes using renewable raw materials and chemicals, the chemicals with a short half-life and low cost while ensuring maximum efficiency. The article presents the results of antigiberrelic preparation effect, which is characterized by low dosage and half-life in soil from 3 to 43 days on productivity, growth processes, anatomical, morphological features and functioning of the leaf apparatus of white mustard plants and rapeseed. The research shows that CCC-750 reduced the height of mustard and rapeseed plants. Inhibition of growth processes of white mustard plants at the beginning of the flowering phase with an anti-gibberellic preparation led to increased stem branching, which, in its turn, resulted in an increase in the number and area of leaves throughout the growing season. Moreover, the use of quaternary ammonium salt on winter rape plants has led to a reduction in the number of leaves and leaf area in comparison to the control samples. The application of the retardant caused an increase in the productivity of the studied cultures due to the increase in the number of pods, the increase in the mass of thousands of seeds and the number of seeds in the pod.

3

Usage of Worked Clay Absorbent as a Manifestation of an Ecologically Oriented Lifestyle

Palamarchuk Olga, Sakalova Halyna, Vasylinych Tamara, Lyubchak Lyudmila, Shevchuk Oksana, Matviichuk Oleksandr, Khodanaitska Olena

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2022

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Vol. 23, iss. 2

90--96

EN

The article deals with the development of new eco-innovative technologies, evaluation of their effectiveness and raising the widest possible awareness of those categories to the people who could effectively use the proposed technologies. It was found that the personal position of economic entities is the core of the structural organization of psychological readiness for ecologically oriented innovation and is manifested in the forms of free ecologically oriented will. The paper discusses the main methods of removal of nutrients from wastewater, as well as presents promising technologies and techniques. It contains the recommendations for optimal conditions for the precipitation of ammonia nitrogen from an ion exchange regenerator for further use as an ammonium fertilizer. The maximum efficiency of ammonium nitrogen removal was established. According to the results of the best options, the deposition of real ion exchange concentrates was carried out. The humidity level was set during the drying of mineral fertilizers. The moisture content determined the content of sediment, which is close to the number of water molecules to the formula of the fertilizer MgNH4PO4 · 5H2O. Complex phosphate fertilizer struvite was characterized. A comparative agronomic evaluation of synthetic struvite was performed. The influence of struvite on the processes of germination of cultivated plants was carried out. The results show that the method of obtaining struvite does not significantly affect the processes of wheat germination, and the determining factor in the effectiveness of fertilizers is the method of its application and dosage.

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The Efficiency of Small Reserves for the Conservation of Biological Diversity of Typical Landscapes of the Middle Pobuzhya

Matviichuk Oleksandr, Shevchuk Oksana, Holunova Liudmyla, Khodanitska Olena, Tkachuk Olesia, Polyvanyi Stepan, Vasylinych Tamara

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2022

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Vol. 23, iss. 3

79--86

EN

One of the approaches to reduce the level of anthropogenic pressure on natural ecosystems is to form a network of protected habitats in areas that are intensively used by humans. An attempt was made to determine the abundance of flora and fauna and environmental efficiency in the context of intensive agricultural development in the small Podillya reserve «Ivankivskyi». The flora and fauna of the territory on the outskirts of the village Ivanky of Vinnytsia district (Lypovets territorial community) were studied with the help of generally accepted and modified methods. It was conducted to determine the environmental value of the territory, the possibility of functioning within its protected area and at the same time preserving the forms of traditional use by the locals. The birds of the territory as the largest structural component of its fauna are studied in the most detail. The factual material was collected during field research for all the seasons of 2019-2021. Materials of scientific publications, professional literature, oral reports of specialists, etc. were processed. For all species of birds, the nature of the stay on the territory, belonging to different ecological and faunal groups were established: by nesting place and dominant food spectrum. The flora and fauna of this territory have not been studied yet, as well as its environmental value has not been determined. Animal species that are protected by the Red Book of Ukraine, international protection conventions are identified. The results of the study testify to the fact that a specific floral and faunal complex was formed within the studied area, which includes 105 species of higher vascular plants belonging to 75 genera, 26 families and 3 divisions: division Equisetophyta (1 species), Pinophyta (2 species), Magnoliophyta (102 species); 82 species of animals of the Chordata type: class Amphibia (2 species), Reptilia (1 species), Aves (68 species), Mammalia (11 species). The results presented in this publication can be the basis for the organization of further monitoring of flora and fauna of the object, the development of a set of special actions for their preservation.

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Wastewater a Source of Nutrients for Crops Growth and Development

Tymchuk Ivan, Shkvirko Oksana, Sakalova Halyna, Malovanyy Myroslav, Dabizhuk Tetiana, Shevchuk Oksana, Matviichuk Oleksandr, Vasylinych Tamara

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2020

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Vol. 21, nr 5

88--96

EN

The article deals with the main methods of nutrient removal from wastewater, as well as presents promising technologies and techniques. Struvite was characterized by a complex phosphorus fertilizer. The influence of struvite on the processes of germination of cultivated plants was investigated. The possibility of creating a growth substrate as an inexpensive and effective alternative to the disposal of the man-made wastes that contain an organic component was identified. The composition of the growth substrate was selected to ensure its functional properties. The growth substrate was tested by bioindication. Subsequently, the modification of the substrate by adding natural sorbents.