Test method of determination of tear force using ballistic pendulum (Elmendorf) according to PN-EN ISO 13937-1:2002 is presented in this article. This method was used in interlaboratory comparison tests. Test resuits of participating laboratories obtained during three years were compared.
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Electro-conductive fibers can be obtained in numerous ways. The surface modification of fiber material is one of such methods. The subject of the research were electro-conductive polyacrylonitryl fibers, which were modified with semi-conductive copper and silver sulfides in the finishing process. The method, consisting in coordinative binding of the above-mentioned chemical compounds with the fiber forming polymer was developed at the Textile Research Institute in Łódź. This paper shows the results of the tests that allow to determine that the probable dominating conductivity mechanism of the specified fibers is the electron mechanism. The conclusions concerning the conductivity mechanism of polyacrylonitryl modified with copper and silver sulfides were based on the measurements of resistance and the thermoelectric power. The values of the determined Seebeck's coefficient for the above-mentioned group of materials were at the level of α = 8 - 12 žV/deg for average temperature in the 310 - 330 °K range. The researchers stated that the coefficient depends on the temperature. Both the values and temperature dependencies of the α coefficient show that it is mainly the charge carriers with energies close to the Fermi's level (metallic conductivity) that are responsible for the electric conductivity.
W artykule przedstawiono zbudowany w Instytucie Włókiennictwa przyrząd do pomiaru czasu zaniku ładunku zgodnie z normą europejską EN 1149-3:2004 "Odzież ochronna - właściwości elektrostatyczne - Część 3: Metody wyznaczania zaniku ładunku". Przyrząd może być stosowany do badań czasu zaniku ładunku na klasycznych materiałach włókienniczych jak również na materiałach niejednorodnych, w szczególności z przeznaczeniem na odzież ochronną.
EN
The paper presents - built at Textile Research Institute instrument to measure the decay time of electric charge according to European Standard EN 1149-3:2004 "Protective Clothing - Electrostatic properties - Part 3: Test methods for measurement of charge decay." The instrument can be used to test charge decay on classic textile fabrics as well as on non-homogenous materials especially applied for protective clothing.
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