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2 Journal of Ecological Engineering

2 2019

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Yield Efficiency Evaluation of Double Slope Solar Stills Connected with External Spiral Copper for Potable Water Production

Al-Qadami Ebrahim Hamid Hussein, Ahsan Amimul, Abdurrasheed Abdurrasheed Sa'id, Mustaffa Zahiraniza, Yusof Khamaruzaman Wan, Takaijudin Husna, Malek Marlinda Abdul

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2019

Vol. 20, nr 7

176--186

Among the key challenges of the 21st century, one can enumerate finding efficient technologies to enhance water purification. Seawater desalination had been identified as one of the main alternative solutions to increase the water resources on our planet and fulfill human demands. In this study, the yield performance of double slope solar still connected with the external spiral copper pipe as the water heater was investigated. Active and passive solar stills of equal evaporation area with covers (4 mm thickness and 45° slope in both sides) were manufactured using Perspex. Different parameters were investigated and compared during the experiment including yield and water quality indicators from both stills. The results showed a strong relationship between the water production rates and solar radiation intensities, water temperature as well as ambient temperature. Additionally, the water productivity from the active still was 20% higher compared to the passive one. Overall, the water quality parameters were within the acceptable limits, the rate of distillate water production was found to increase along with solar radiation intensity and water temperature.

Land-use Assessment and its Influence on Spatial Distribution of Rainfall Erosivity: Case Study of Cameron Highlands Malaysia

Ul Mustafa Muhammad Raza, Sholagberu Abdulkadir Taofeeq, Syazwan Muhammad Asyraf, Yusof Khamaruzaman Wan, Hashim Ahmad Mustafa, Abdurrasheed Abdurrasheed S.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2019

Vol. 20, nr 2

183--190

Over the years, Cameron Highlands have witnessed extensive land-use and land-cover (LULC) changes due to the massive agricultural and urbanization activities. This significantly contributed to the erosion problems in the area. Rainfall erosivity that measures the aggressiveness of raindrop in triggering soil erosion is one of its major components that could be influenced by the LULC changes in watersheds. However, the research relating to the LULC changes with the erosivity especially in the complex landscape is scarce. Hence, this study applies geographic information system (GIS) and remote sensing techniques to assess the LULC changes and their influence on the rainfall erosivity distribution in mountainous watershed of Cameron Highlands. Four Landsat images and the rainfall data from the period of thirty years were analysed for the development of LULC and erosivity maps respectively in ArcGIS environment. The study showed that the study area experienced immense land-use changes especially in agriculture and urbanization which affected the erosivity distribution. The LULC change for agriculture increased linearly in the last 30 years from 7.9% in 1986 to almost 16.4% in 2016. The results showed that urban development increased from 5.1% in 1986 to 11.4% in 2016. The increasing urbanization trend was targeted to meet up with tourism requirement in Cameron Highlands. However, forest class declined tremendously due to the exploration of land for agriculture practice and other various types of development. Watershed managers and other stakeholders should find this study beneficial in tackling erosion and its associated ecological challenges.