The circular ring is linearly elastic and its cross-section is rectangular. Two deformation dependent distributed loads, that is follower loads, are applied simultaneously on the outer surface of the ring. The first load is a uniform pressure on the whole outer surface. The second load is uniform normal traction exerted on two surface parts situated in axially symmetric positions. Both loads are selfequilibrated independently from each other. A nonlinear FE program with 3D elements is used for the numerical analysis of a geometrically perfect and two imperfect rings. Displacement control is used in the equilibrium iterations. Equilibrium surfaces are determined in the space of three parameters such as one characteristic displacement coordinate, and two load factors. The stability analysis is performed in the knowledge of the equilibrium surfaces.
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This paper deals with the family of CMAC neural networks. The most important properties of this family are the extremely fast learning capability and a special architecture that makes effective digital hardware implementation possible. The paper gives an overview of the classical binary CMAC, shows the limitations of its modelling capability, gives a critical survey of its different extensions and suggests two further modifications. The aim of these modifications is to improve the modelling capability while maintaining the possibility of an effective realization. The basic element of the first suggested hardware structure is a new matrix-vector multiplier which is based on a canonical signed digit (CSD) number representation and a distributed arithmetic. In the other version, a hierarchical network structure and a special sequential training method are proposed which can constitute a trade-off between the approximation error and generalization. The proposed versions (among them a dynamic extension of the originally static CMAC) are suitable for embedded applications where the low cost and relatively high speed operation are the most important requirements.
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