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Microfacies, foraminifers and carbon and oxygen isotopes in a basinal section of the Zechstein Limestone (Wuchiapingian): Bonikowo 2 borehole, western Poland

Peryt D., Peryt T. M., Hałas S., Raczyński P.

Geological Quarterly

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2016

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Vol. 60, No. 4

827--839

EN

The Zechstein Limestone of the Bonikowo 2 borehole is composed of limestone with varied dolomite content and is slightly thicker (3.4 m) than other supposed condensed sections in SW Poland. The microfacies (mostly bioclastic wackestones-packstones) are characteristic of open marine limestone deposited in deep shelf environments. The common occurrence of echinoids in all parts of the section, except close to its top, indicates no essential change in sea water salinity. However, the palaeotemperature interpretation of the highest δ18O value of calcite recorded in the Bonikowo 2 borehole (+0.32‰) indicates a temperature of 22.9°C when a δ18O of water = 2‰ is assumed. The δ13C and δ18O curves for calcite and dolomite are similar in shape, and their mean values are similar: +1.8 ±1.5‰ for calcite, respectively, and +1.9 ±2.3‰ and –4.3 ±2.4‰, –3.8 ±4.3‰ for dolomite. There is a recrystallized interval in the lower part of the section with both δ13C and δ18O values reduced. This may be regarded as an aerobic equivalent of the Kupferschiefer. The diversity and abundance of foraminifers is significant throughout the section studied; lagenids prevail, and this is considered to be due to the dysaerobic conditions throughout the duration of deposition of the Zechstein Limestone.

2

Foraminiferal and palynological organic matter records of the Upper Badenian (Middle Miocene) deposits at Anadoly (marginal part of the Ukrainian Carpathian Foredeep Basin)

Gedl P., Peryt D., Peryt T. M.

Geological Quarterly

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2016

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Vol. 60, No. 2

517--536

EN

The Badenian section of Anadoly near Kamyanets Podilskyy (Ukrainian Carpathian Foredeep Basin) consists of the Tyras Fm. (gypsum and Ratyn Limestone) and the Ternopil Mb. of the Kosiv Fm. The latter are 5.3 m thick and are composed of dark grey mudstones with limestone intercalations. This study indicates the occurrence of over 54 species of benthic foraminifers and 10 species of planktonics. Benthic foraminifera are represented mainly by calcareous forms; agglutinated tests are very rare. Planktonic foraminifera appear in the upper part of the succession studied. Five benthic foraminiferal assemblages are recognized: A (Elphidium/Lobatula/Astrononion) B (Hauerinidae), C (Cibicidoides/Lobatula), D (Porosononion) and E (Uvigerina/Bulimina). The foraminiferal record indicates deposition in a shallow subtidal environment (20 m depth) of normal marine salinity and temperate waters followed by gradual deepening of the basin to >50 m. Analysis of foraminiferal assemblages indicates that bottom waters were highly oxygenated during deposition of the lower and middle parts of the Anadoly sequence. During deposition of the upper part of the sequence the oxygenation of bottom water gradually decreased, as expressed by a large decrease in the proportion of oxic species and an increase in dysoxic ones. The same set of samples yielded low amounts of palynological organic matter represented by dominant black opaque phytoclasts; bisaccate pollen grains and dinoflagellate cysts are rare. Taxonomically impoverished assemblages of the latter consist of dominant Polysphaeridium and Cleistosphaeridium placacanthum associated with Lingulodinium machaerophorum and a few other taxa. The taxonomically richest assemblage was found in the topmost sample. These changes were interpreted as indicative for increased salinity in the surface water layer, with its maximum in the middle part of the section; the assemblage from the topmost part is characteristic for normal marine salinity.

3

Sedimentary history and biota of the Zechstein Limestone (Permian, Wuchiapingian) of the Jabłonna Reef in Western Poland

Peryt T. M., Raczyński P., Peryt D., Chłódek K., Mikołajewski K.

Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae

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2016

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Vol. 86, No. 4

379--413

EN

The Jabłonna Reef, one of the reefs formed in Wuchiapingian time in the western part of the Wolsztyn palaeo-High (SW Poland), is characterized by quite irregular outlines and consists of three separate reef bodies (ca. 0.5–1.5 km2 each; the thickness of the reef complex is usually >60 m). It is penetrated by four boreholes, which show two distinct phases of bryozoan reef development during deposition of the the Zechstein Limestone. The first one occurred early in the depositional history and botryoidal aragonitic cementation played a very important role in reef formation. This phase of bryozoan reef development terminated suddenly; one possible reason was that a relative change of sea level – first a fall and then a rise – disturbed the upwelling circulation. Consequently, bioclastic deposition predominated for a relatively long time until the second phase of bryozoan reef development occurred, but the latter was not accompanied by dubious early cementation. During this second phase, reticular fenestellid bryozoans were predominant. Subsequently, microbial reefs developed and abound in the upper part of the Zechstein Limestone sections. The general shallowing-upward nature of deposition in the Jab³onna Reef area resulted in reef-flat conditions with ubiquitous, microbial deposits, in the central part of the Jab³onna Reef. Then, the reef-flat started to prograde and eventually the entire Jab³onna Reef area became the site of very shallow, subaqueous deposition. Five biofacies are distinguished in the Jab³onna Reef sections: the Acanthocladia biofacies at the base, then mollusc-crinoid, brachiopod-bryozoan, Rectifenestella and at the top, stromatolite biofacies. They represent a shallowing-upward cycle, possibly with some important fluctuation recorded as the distinctive lithofacies boundary, corresponding to the Acanthocladia/mollusc-crinoid biofacies boundary. The 13C curves of the Jab³onna 2 and Jab³onna 4 boreholes permit correlation of the trends in the middle parts of both sections and confirm the strong diachroneity of the biofacies boundaries, with the exception of the roughly isochronous Acanthocladia/ mollusc-crinoid biofacies boundary. The presence of echinoderms and strophomenid brachiopods indicates that until deposition of the lower part of the Rectifenestella biofacies, conditions were clearly stenohaline. The subsequent elimination of stenohaline organisms and progressively poorer taxonomic differentiation of the faunal assemblage are characteristic for a slight, gradual rise in salinity. The taxonomic composition of organisms forming the Jab³onna Reef shows a similarity to reefs described from England and Germany, as well as the marginal carbonate platform of SW Poland. Filled fissures were recorded in the lower part of the Jabłonna Reef. The aragonite cementation recorded in some fissure fillings implies that they originated in rocks exposed on the sea floor and are neptunian dykes.

4

Foraminiferal bioevents in the upper Campanian to lowest Maastrichtian of the Middle Vistula River section, Poland

Peryt D., Dubicka Z.

Geological Quarterly

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2015

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Vol. 59, No. 4

814--830

EN

The Upper Campanian–Lower Maastrichtian interval of the Middle Vistula River Valley section records the following benthic foraminiferal bioevents in ascending stratigraphical order: LO of Globorotalites michelinianus, FO and LO of Globorotalites emdyensis (=G. hiltermanni), FO of Bolivina incrassata, FO of Bolivinoides miliaris, FO of Angulogavelinella gracilis (=A. bettenstaedti), LO of Gavelinella monterelensis, FO of Osangularia navarroana, FO of Bolivina decurrens and FO of Neoflabellina reticulata. These events are recorded in very similar stratigraphic positions in the Lägerdorf-Kronsmoor succession (northern Germany) and in the succession of eastern England and, at least some of them, in eastern Europe. Accordingly they can serve as important markers for stratigraphic correlation across Europe. The FOs of the planktonic species, Rugoglobigerina milamensis, R. hexacamerata and R. pennyi, in the uppermost part of the “Inoceramus” redbirdensis Zone,are very close to the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary as defined by inoceramid bivalves (Walaszczyk, 2004) and we propose these planktonic foraminiferal bioevents as a good proxy for this boundary in temperate regions.

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Zmiany środowiskowe poprzedzające sedymentację gipsów badeńskich i na początku ich depozycji w rejonie Rzeki Wschodniej (północna część zbiornika przedkarpackiego)

Peryt D., Peryt T. M.

Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego

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2015

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nr 461

133--151

PL

Skład i zmiany zespołów otwornic pochodzących z najwyższej części utworów podewaporatowych w otworze wiertniczym Busko (Młyny) PIG-1 (głęb. 188–192 m), zlokalizowanym w północnej części zbiornika przedkarpackiego (Paratetyda Środkowa), wskazują, że zbiornik, w którym powstawały osady margliste, był słabo wentylowany, z dużym deficytem tlenowym w wodach przydennych oraz ze środowiskiem eutroficznym w wodach powierzchniowych. Zbiornik ten, o głębokości 50–70 m, wypełniały wody chłodne o zasoleniu typowym dla zbiornika morskiego. Obserwowane w najwyższej części profilu prawie całkowite wyeliminowanie otwornic Uvigerina i zajęcie na krótko zwolnionej niszy przez Fursenkoina acuta (zespół D4c) oraz zdominowanie składu najmłodszego zespołu (D4d) przez tolerującą podwyższone zasolenie Bulimina elongata może jednak wskazywać na znaczne podwyższenie zasolenia w trakcie depozycji najwyższej części utworów poprzedzających depozycję gipsów. Profil gipsów badeńskich w badanym otworze wiertniczym w porównaniu z bardziej brzeżną strefą platformy gipsowej cechuje się redukcją dolnej, autochtonicznej części gipsów oraz specyficznym wykształceniem najniższej jednostki gipsów. W matriksie ilastym występują tam gruzły gipsu bardzo przypominające małe, chaotycznie ułożone blokowe zrosty krystaliczne, określane jako facja szkieletowa gipsów szklicowych, związana w niecce Nidy oraz na Morawach z obniżeniami dna. Wykształcenie profilu gipsów wskazuje na głębsze środowisko sedymentacji niż to stwierdzono w rejonie niecki Nidy.

EN

Composition and changes in foraminiferal assemblages recorded in the uppermost part of the sub-evaporite deposits of the Busko (Młyny) PIG-1 borehole (depth 188–192 m) in the northernmost part of the Fore-Carpathian Basin (Central Paratethys) indicate that the basin, in which marly deposits have originated, was poorly ventilated with a great oxygen deficit in the bottom waters, and was characterised by mainly eutrophic conditions in surface waters. The basin was 50–70 m deep. The waters were cool and of normal seawater salinity, although the recorded (in the uppermost part of the section) almost complete disappearance of Uvigerina foraminifers, occupation (for a short time) of the vacant niche by Fursenkoina acuta (assemblage D4c), and the dominance of Bulimina elongata (tolerant to increased salinity) in the youngest assemblage (D4d) may indicate a considerable increase of seawater salinity during the deposition of the uppermost part of the sub-evaporite strata. The gypsum section is characterised, when compared to the more marginal gypsum sections of the Nida Trough, by a reduction of the lower, autochthonous part of the gypsum section and a specific development of the lowermost gypsum unit. It contains gypsum nodules resembling small, chaotically arranged gypsum intergrowths in the clayey matrix. Such facies is regarded as the skeletal facies of the giant gypsum intergrowth facies of the Nida Trough and Moravia, and is related to depositional lows at the beginning of the gypsum deposition. The gypsum sequence in this borehole indicates a deeper sedimentary environment than inferred for the Nida Trough.

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Foraminiferal and palynological records of the Late Badenian (Middle Miocene) transgression in Podolia (Shchyrets near Lviv, western Ukraine)

Peryt D., Gedl P., Peryt T. M.

Geological Quarterly

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2014

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Vol. 58, No. 3

465--484

EN

The Upper Badenian marly shales overlying gypsum and the Ratyn Limestone at Shchyrets, Ukraine, contain moderately to well-preserved benthic (calcareous only) and planktonic foraminifers, and palynofacies dominated by bisaccate pollen grains, presumably transported by wind. Both foraminiferal and dinoflagellate cyst assemblages indicate an open marine environment with normal-marine salinity and cool waters. The palaeodepth was ca. 50 m except for the uppermost part of the section studied, where a distinctive deepening is indicated by the dominance of Uvigerina in benthic foraminiferal assemblages and a high P/B ratio. The water was thermally stratified and the differences between the bottom water and the water column show an upwards-increasing trend. Bulimina and Globocassidulina are the most common and dominant component of benthic foraminiferal assemblages, except for the uppermost part where Uvigerina dominates the assemblage. The composition of benthic foraminifer assemblages and δ13C values of foraminifers indicate nutrient-rich waters and mesotrophic to eutrotrophic environments in surface waters, and low oxygenation at the sea floor in the Ukrainian Carpathian Foredeep Basin during the Late Badenian.

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Foraminiferal record of the Middle Miocene climate transition prior to the Badenian salinity crisis in the Polish Carpathian Foredeep Basin (Central Paratethys)

Peryt D.

Geological Quarterly

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2013

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Vol. 57, No. 1

141–-164

EN

Foraminifers occurring in marls underlying the Middle Miocene Badenian gypsum in the northern Polish Carpathian Foredeep in one borehole section [Młyny (Busko) PIG 1] and in two dewatering pits in operating quarries (Leszcze and Borków) contain well-preserved foraminifers. Sixty-seven species of benthic and twenty-one species of planktonic foraminifers are recorded in the 12-m-thick section of the Młyny borehole. Benthic assemblages are characterized by the dominance of Bulimina and Uvigerina while planktonic assemblages are composed mainly by warm-water orbulinids and Globigerinoides spp. in the lower part of the Młyny section and by temperate-cold water Globigerina spp. in the upper part of the Młyny section as well as the Leszcze and Borków sections. The taxonomic composition of foraminiferal assemblages makes it possible to distinguish two foraminiferal zones in the Młyny borehole: the Orbulina suturalis and Uvigerina costai zones, and only the latter zone is accessible at Leszcze and Borków. The benthic foraminiferal successions in the studied interval suggest oxygenation and productivity changes in the Carpathian Foredeep Basin prior to the Badenian salinity crisis. Four intervals of lowered oxygenation and/or elevated organic flux to the sea-floor are recognized; the intervals in which foraminiferal assemblages suggest marine environments with lowered oxygenation in bottom waters alternate between the intervals where stress markers form less than 50% of the benthic foraminiferal assemblages. Benthic assemblages are moderately to highly diversified, and species have more equal frequencies. The upsection decrease in the proportion of planktonic foraminifers reflects the shallowing of the basin accompanied by a decrease in the temperature gradient between the upper (warmer) and deeper (colder) water beds. The average palaeotemperature of water based on d18O of Uvigerina and Globigerina decreased by ca. 2 and ca. 6°C, respectively (from 9.9 and 17.4°C in the Orbulina suturalis Zone to 7.9 and 11.5°C in the Uvigerina costai Zone, respectively). Below the gypsum, the d18O values of both benthic and planktonic foraminifers show quite large variations possibly due to the salinity increase. Coeval domination of benthic foraminiferal assemblages by Bulimina suggests increased surface water productivity and an increased organic flux to the sea-floor prior to the onset of evaporite deposition and/or salinity increase.

8

Neptunian dykes in the Middle Miocene reefs of western Ukraine : preliminary results

Jasionowski M., Peryt D., Peryt T. M.

Geological Quarterly

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2012

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Vol. 56, No. 4

881–-894

EN

Neptunian dykes were recently recorded within the Middle Miocene (Upper Badenian and Lower Sarmatian) Medobory reef complex of the Carpathian Foreland in western Ukraine. The Upper Badenian reefs are cut by a regular, semi-perpendicular network of intersecting fissures that penetrate the Badenian reef limestone down for more than 10 m. The dykes are filled by several generations of Sarmatian microbialites coating the fracture walls and by bedded bioclastic sediment (including foraminifers) which is more important volumetrically. The fissure fillings containing both the Sarmatian material as well as rare clasts of Badenian rocks indicate that the fissures were open during the onset of Sarmatian deposition. They originated following the emergence and fracturing of the Badenian limestones, either due to fault tectonics at basin margins induced by basin subsidence, around the Badenian-Sarmatian boundary, or to gravitational instability of large lithified Badenian reef bodies. Only one phase of fracture opening occurred. The filling of fractures was episodic, with pulses of cementation and microbial growth and sediment injection. Four different foraminiferal assemblages recorded in the neptunian dykes indicate that the process of fracture filling was long-lasting.

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Geochemical and foraminiferal records of environmental changes during the Zechstein Limestone (Lopingian) deposition in Northern Poland

Peryt M., Peryt D.

Geological Quarterly

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2012

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Vol. 56, No 1

187-198

EN

The entire Zechstein Limestone section of the Zdrada IG 8 borehole (Northern Poland) is composed of oncoid packstone that is accompanied by stromatolites in the upper part of the unit. Deposition of the Zechstein Limestone occurred in persistently subtidal environments, above the storm wave base, in mostly dysoxic conditions, and thus these conditions did not differ essentially from those characteristic for the Kupferschiefer strata. The previous supposition of vadose diagenesis is not confirmed by the isotopic study of calcite that showed its clearly marine values (average d1318

10

Foraminifers and stable isotope record of the Dubivtsi chalk (upper Turonian, Western Ukraine): palaeoenvironmental implications

Dubicka Z., Peryt D.

Geological Quarterly

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2012

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Vol. 56, No 1

199-214

EN

A combined micropalaeontological and stable isotope study of the Dubivtsi chalk in the Western Ukraine indicates its middle late Turonian age. One long-term and clearly distinguishable positive excursion of the isotope curve (d1318

11

Foraminiferal colonization related to the Zechstein (Lopingian) transgression in the western part of the Wolsztyn Palaeo-Ridge area, Western Poland

Peryt D., Peryt T. M., Raczyński P., Chłódek K.

Geological Quarterly

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2012

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Vol. 56, No 3

529--546

EN

The basal Zechstein succession in SW Poland is dominated by breccias and/or conglomerates or extraclast-bearing bioclastic limestones, which were deposited during rapid flooding of the pre-existing intracontinental basin in the early Lopingian (Late Permian). Of these, the boulder-cobble breccias and conglomerates are interpreted as deposited in a rocky shore-zone where density flows and upwelling prevailed. The breccias gradually pass up into bryozoan (or other bioclastics) grainstones. The matrix-supported breccias were deposited as large extraclasts and blocks of Carboniferous rock were rolled down or detached from a cliff and were then either embedded into a carbonate sand or formed a framework supplying voids that could be colonized by tubular encrusting foraminifers. These foraminifers abound in all basal Zechstein facies (except in the debris-flow deposits) and are attributed to Palaeonubecularia. The associated faunas include other foraminifers (uniserial and hemigordiopsids), bryozoans, brachiopods, bivalves, gastropods, and microbial deposits. The prolific growth of tubular encrusting foraminifers has resulted from nutrient supply from the basin by upwelling. Botryoidal aragonite cements (also interpreted as due to upwelling) also characterize the basal Zechstein strata, although they were previously reported only from the upper Zechstein Limestone. The ẟI3C values of the basal Zechstein deposits show small variation and oscillated around 4.0%o, suggesting that these deposits are younger than the Kupferschiefer.

12

Carbon isotope stratigraphy of the basal Zechstein (Lopingian) strata in Northern Poland and its global correlation

Peryt T. M., Durakiewicz T., Kotarba M. J., Oszczepalski S., Peryt D.

Geological Quarterly

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2012

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Vol. 56, No 2

285-298

EN

The Kupferschiefer (T1) records a period of basin-wide euxinic conditions, and is thus considered an excellent time-marker in the Zechstein (Lopingian) basin. Previous studies indicated that both the Kupferschiefer and Marl Slate and the overlying Zechstein Limestone (Magnesian Limestone) show remarkable changes in carbon isotopic composition towards higher 131313131313

13

Sarmatian foraminiferal assemblages of cavern fillings in the Badenian reefs of Medobory (Polupanivka, Western Ukraine)

Peryt D., Jasionowski M.

Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego

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2012

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nr 449

175--184

EN

The Middle Miocene (Upper Badenian) coralline algal reefs of Western Ukraine contain caverns (up to 1 m across) and fissures that are filled by Sarmatian deposits: marly clays, clayey carbonate sand and bioclastic, bryozoan-rich sand. These deposits often contain abundant and very well preserved calcareous benthic foraminifera; agglutinated forms have not been recorded. Foraminiferal tests quite commonly show morphological abnormalities, e.g. twin forms or tests with irregularities in size or shape in last chambers. Each of the three analysed samples is characterized by a different foraminiferal assemblage: Elphidium aculeatum assemblage, Hauerinidae assemblage and Lobatula lobatula assemblage. These assemblages are characteristic for a shallow marine environment. Low taxonomic diversity and high dominance or monospecific foraminiferal assemblages indicate generally a restricted marine environment. It seems that the increasing salinity and very high-energy environment were the most probable factors controlling the composition of the foraminiferal assemblages.

PL

Górnobadeńskie rafy koralowe zachodniej Ukrainy posiadają kawerny o przekroju do 1 m oraz szczeliny, które obecnie są wypełnione osadami sarmackimi – iłami marglistymi i zasilonym piaskiem węglanowym i bioklastycznym, często mszywiołowym. Osady te często zawierają liczne i bardzo dobrze zachowane węglanowe otwornice bentosowe; nie stwierdzono natomiast otwornic zlepieńcowatych. Dość częste są skorupki z morfologicznymi nieprawidłowościami, np. formy bliźniacze albo skorupki z nieregularnością rozmiaru lub kształtu ostatnich komór. Każda z trzech próbek zawiera inny zespół otwornicowy: w pierwszej występuje zespół z Elphidium aculeatum, druga zawiera zespół z Hauerinidae, a trzecia – zespół z Lobatula lobatula. Wszystkie te zespoły są charakterystyczne dla środowiska płytkomorskiego. Niskie zróżnicowanie taksonomiczne i wysoka dominacja lub jednogatunkowe zespoły otwornicowe wskazują na ogólnie ograniczone środowisko morskie; wydaje się, że w takich warunkach najbardziej prawdopodobnym czynnikiem warunkującym skład zespołów otwornicowych było podwyższone zasolenie i środowisko bardzo wysokoenergetyczne.

14

Testing the congruence of the macrofossil versus microfossil record in the Turonian-Coniacian boundary succession of the Wagon Mound-Springer composite section (NE New Mexico, USA)

Walaszczyk I., Lees J., Peryt D., Cobban W., Wood C.

Acta Geologica Polonica

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2012

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Vol. 62, no. 4

581-594

EN

The Turonian-Coniacian boundary succession from the Wagon Mound-Springer composite section in the US Western Interior shows a virtually identical macrofaunal record to that revealed in the proposed candidate Coniacian GSSP in the Salzgitter-Salder-Slupia Nadbrzezna composite section in central Europe, with easy identification in both regions of the base of the Coniacian Stage, as defined by the first appearance of the inoceramid bivalve species, Cremnoceramus deformis erectus (Meek). The macrofaunal boundary definition is additionally confirmed by the foraminiferal and nannofossil data, demonstrating the high potential of the inoceramid marker for the base of the Coniacian. The former claims about distinct diachroneity between macrofossil and microfossil dates in the trans-Atlantic correlations, resulted from methodological deficiencies, and have no factual basis.

15

Integrated biostratigraphy of Upper Maastrichtian chalk at Chełm (SE Poland)

Dubicka Z., Peryt D.

Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae

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2011

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Vol. 81, No 2

185-197

EN

A 40-m-thick section of chalk exposed in the Chełm quarry (SE Poland) contains a rather poor assemblage of macrofauna and a well diversified assemblage of foraminifers. The planktonic foraminifer assem- blages characterized by a considerable number of representatives of Globigerinelloides and Heterohelix and the presence of Guembelitria cretacea indicate the lowest part of the Guembelitria cretacea Zone sensu Peryt (1980). Benthic foraminifers point out that the strata of the Chełm quarry section can be attributed to the lower part of the Upper Maastrichtian: i.e., the Gavelinella danica/Brotzenella preacuta Zone of the European Boreal Province or the Anomalinoides pinguis Zone distinguished in Poland (except the Carpathians). The occurrence of ammonites, such as Hoploscaphites constrictus lviviensis Machalski, Hoploscaphites schmidi (Birkelund), and Acanthoscaphites varians blaszkiewiczi Jagt & al. indicates that the Chełm succession belongs to the lower part of the Belemnitella junior Zone, i.e., to the Belemnitella junior–Spyridoceramus tegulatus Zone sensu Schulz & Schmid (1983). The correlation of the Chełm quarry section and the Middle Vistula River Valley section indicates that the equivalent interval of the former section is not exposed in the Middle Vistula River Valley and that it would occur between the Chotcza and Lucimia villages within the lower part of the Belemnitella junior Zone, i.e., within the Belemnitella junior-Spyridoceramus tegulatus Zone distinguished in NW Germany (Schulz & Schmid,1983).

16

Dinoflagellate cyst, palynofacies and foraminiferal records of environmental changes related to the Late Badenian (Middle Miocene) transgression at Kudryntsi (western Ukraine)

Gedl P., Peryt D.

Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae

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2011

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Vol. 81, No 3

331-349

EN

Qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the palynological content of the Upper Badenian strata at Kudryntsi (western Ukraine) indicate that this succession was deposited in variable environments. The basal siliciclastic series shows a very low content of palynological organic matter and palynofacies, which indicate a restricted environment and/or unfavourable conditions for the palynomorph preservation. The presence of dinoflagellate cysts (and composition of their assemblages) in the upper part of organodetrital limestones and the overlying rhodoid limestones indicates a typical shelf environment. Taxonomically variable dinoflagellate cyst assemblages from particular samples reflect gradual environmental changes – from environments of slightly increased salinity of seawater (strata overlying the siliciclastic series) to open marine, more remote environments during deposition of the upper part of the section examined. The gradual deepening of the sea and decrease of salinity is supported also by the succession of foraminiferal assemblages, which undergo gradual changes from Elphidium spp. assemblages, through Miliolidae assemblage, Lobatula lobatula assemblage, Neoconorbina spp. assemblage to Cibicidoides assemblage. The Late Badenian foraminiferal assemblage from Kudryntsi contains two species common for the Sarmatian, i.e. Elphidium reginum and Elphidium koberi, the latter species known so far from the Sarmatian.

17

Palaeoenvironmental changes preceding the Middle Miocene Badenian salinity crisis in the northern Polish Carpathian Foredeep Basin (Borków quarry) inferred from foraminifers and dinoflagellate cysts

Peryt D., Gedl P.

Geological Quarterly

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2010

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Vol. 54, No 4

487-508

EN

Study of foraminiferal and dinoflagellate cyst assemblages and palynofacies occurring in 2 m-thick marls cropping out beneath a giant gypsum intergrowth unit in the Borków gypsum quarry in Southern Poland, one of the key Badenian evaporite sections in the Polish Carpathian Foredeep Basin, has shown the presence of 49 species of benthic foraminifers and 11 species of planktonic ones, and 51 dinoflagellate (including 8 redeposited ones). The composition of the foraminiferal fauna and its isotopic signal indicate temperature-stratified, nutrient-rich and thus less-oxygenated marine water. Changes in the relative abundance of epifaunal and infaunal species indicate a clear environmental change during the deposition of the marls. A middle to outer shelf marine, well-ventilated environment with moderate primary productivity existed during the deposition of the bottom part of the marls. Subsequently, infaunal bottom-dwellers became dominant due to a massive increase in food supply to the sea bottom and shallowing of the sea to inner - middle shelf depths, and than a decreasing trend of a relative abundance of the infaunal morphogroups is observed until the top of the marls that were deposited in an inner shelf environment with moderate primary productivity. The calculated palaeotemperatures for particular foraminifer taxa (Globigerina spp., Cibicidoides and Bulimina elongata) show a slight upsection decrease and a decrease in the temperature differences between the bottom and intermediate water beds. Palynofacies are composed of elements of mixed origin, including terrestrial, marine (mainly dinoflagellate cysts) and elements of uncertain derivation (structureless organic matter). The palynological content of most samples indicates their deposition in an open-marine marine environment, in the stable marine conditions of an open shelf basin with no salinity fluctuations. The sample just below the gypsum contains no dinoflagellate cysts, perhaps due to a drastic change in the photic zone leading to a complete collapse of the dinoflagellate flora. Very rare occurrence of planktonic foraminifers in that sample suggest the shallowing of the basin accompanied by a decrease in the temperature gradient between the upper (warmer) and lower (colder) water beds. A shallow, cold water marine environment is indicated for the topmost foraminiferal assemblage.

18

Badenian tuffite levels within the Carpathian orogenic front (Gdów-Bochnia area, Southern Poland): radio-isotopic dating and stratigraphic position

Bukowski K., de Leeuw A., Gonera M., Kuiper K. F., Krzywiec P., Peryt D.

Geological Quarterly

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2010

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Vol. 54, No 4

449-464

EN

We present new results of investigation of Middle Miocene Badenian tuffite levels exposed in Southern Poland within the Gdów "embayment" area (tuffites from Wiatowice, upper part of the Skawina Beds, foraminiferal biozone IIg) and compare them with the well known and extensively described Bochnia Tuffite level at Chodenice near Bochnia (upper part of the Chodenice Beds, foraminiferal biozone IIIA). The 4039

19

The Salzgitter-Salder Quarry (Lower Saxony, Germany) and Slupia Nadbrzezna river cliff section (central Poland) : a proposed candidate composite Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point for the Coniacian Stage (Upper Cretaceous)

Walaszczyk I., Wood C., Lees J., Peryt D., Voigt S., Wiese F.

Acta Geologica Polonica

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2010

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Vol. 60, no. 4

445-477

EN

An integrated account of a candidate composite Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point for the base of the Coniacian Stage, comprising the Salzgitter-Salder Quarry section (Lower Saxony, Germany) and the Słupia Nadbrzeżna river cliff section (central Poland), is provided. Documented are all the main biostratigraphically significant macrofossil and microfossil groups: ammonites, bivalves (inoceramids and the genus Didymotis), planktonic foraminifera and calcareous nannoplankton. also provided are correlations based on stable carbon isotope curves. The base of the Coniacian is defined by the first occurrence (FO) of the inoceramid bivalve Cremnoceramus deformis erectus (Meek, 1876), a cladogenetic successor of the C. waltersdorfensis (Andert, 1911) lineage. This event is well above the first appearance of the classic ammonite marker of this boundary, Forresteria petrocoriensis (Coquand, 1859), which is first noted high in the Upper Turonian Mytiloides scupini inoceramid bivalve zone at Słupia Nadbrzeżna. The boundary at Salzgitter-Salder cannot be precisely defined by means of ammonites; however, there is an apparent local change in one scaphitid lineage a short distance below the boundary. In calcareous nannofossil terms, the boundary falls within the interval between the first occurrence of Broinsonia parca parca and the last occurrence (LO) of Helicolithus turonicus. at present, no planktonic species found in both sections can be used as a close proxy for the base of the Coniacian, as defined by the inoceramid bivalve marker. In terms of carbon stable isotopes, the Turonian Coniacian Boundary lies in the inflection point from falling to rising [delta^13]C values. a comparison of the Salzgitter-Salder and Słupia Nadbrzeżna carbon isotope curves indicates a hiatus at the former locality. The base of the Coniacian in the Salzgitter-Salder section is marked by a flood occurrence of Cremnoceramus deformis erectus, constituting the deformis erectus I event. The boundary interval at Słupia Nadbrzeżna is expanded: here the first occurrence of C. deformis erectus is separated from both the terminal Turonian C. waltersdorfensis waltersdorfensis event and the C. deformis erectus I event, also indicating the existence of a hiatus at the boundary in the Salzgitter-Salder section. In view of this hiatus at the critical level, it is proposed that the two sections should constitute a candidate composite Coniacian GSSP.

20

Benthic foraminiferal response to the Cenomanian-Turonian and Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary events

Peryt D.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2004

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Vol. 52, nr 8/2

827-8

EN

The present paper summarizes previously published results of my studies on the Cenomanian-Turonian and Cretaceous-Paleogene changes in benthic foraminiferal assemblages. The recorded changes indicate that the rate and intensity of restructuring of benthic foraminiferal populations during the Cenomanian-Turonian Boundary Event (CTBE) and Cretaceous-Paleogene Boundary Event (KTBE) strongly depended on the duration and severity of environmental stress. A stepwise extinction within benthic foraminiferal assemblages, a bloom of infaunal and semi-infaunal morphotypes during the CTBE and a relatively long-lasting survival interval (the Whiteinella archaeocretacea chron) most likely reflect the decline in oxygenation level of the bottom waters at the end of the Rotalipora cushmani chron and persistence of these unfavourable conditions during the Whiteinella archaeocretacea chron. A catastrophic type of mass extinction within benthic foraminiferal assemblages, extinction or temporary emigration of most of infaunal morphogroups during the KPBE and a relatively short survival interval are interpreted to be the result of a sudden breakdown in food supply as the consequence of a sudden collapse in primary productivity, probably resulting from the impact of the K-P asteroid.