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Using BCI and EEG to process and analyze driver’s brain activity signals during VR simulation

Nader Mirosław, Jacyna-Gołda Ilona, Nader Stanisław, Nehring Karol

Archives of Transport

2021

Vol. 60, iss. 4

137--153

The use of popular brain–computer interfaces (BCI) to analyze signals and the behavior of brain activity is a very current problem that is often undertaken in various aspects by many researchers. This comparison turns out to be particularly useful when studying the flows of information and signals in the human-machine-environment system, especially in the field of transportation sciences. This article presents the results of a pilot study of driver behavior with the use of a pro-prietary simulator based on Virtual Reality technology. The study uses the technology of studying signals emitted by the human mind and its specific zones in response to given environmental factors. A solution based on virtual reality with the limitation of external stimuli emitted by the real world was proposed, and computational analysis of the obtained data was performed. The research focused on traffic situations and how they affect the subject. The test was attended by representatives of various age groups, both with and without a driving license. This study presents an original functional model of a research stand in VR technology that we designed and built. Testing in VR conditions allows to limit the influence of undesirable external stimuli that may distort the results of readings. At the same time, it increases the range of road events that can be simulated without generating any risk for the participant. In the presented studies, the BCI was used to assess the driver's behavior, which allows for the activity of selected brain waves of the examined person to be registered. Electro-encephalogram (EEG) was used to study the activity of brain and its response to stimuli coming from the Virtual Reality created environment. Electrical activity detection is possible thanks to the use of electrodes placed on the skin in selected areas of the skull. The structure of the proprietary test-stand for signal and information flow simulation tests, which allows for the selection of measured signals and the method of parameter recording, is presented. An important part of this study is the presentation of the results of pilot studies obtained in the course of real research on the behavior of a car driver.

Wybrane aspekty zachowań osób testowanych z wykorzystaniem symulatora jazdy klasy VR

Nader Stanisław

Prace Naukowe Politechniki Warszawskiej. Transport

2019

z. 125

113--125

W pracy przedstawiono wybrane wyniki badań przeprowadzonych na wyselekcjonowanej grupie osób z wykorzystaniem symulatora jazdy samochodem opartego na wykorzystaniu techniki VR. Dla ustalonego scenariusza prowadzenia badań przeprowadzono testy dla zróżnicowanej pod względem płci i wieku grupy liczącej 31 osób. W celu analizy reakcji rejestrowano zachowanie uczestników badania z wykorzystaniem kamery oraz oceniano aktywność wybranych obszarów mózgu z wykorzystaniem interfejsu BC1. Poddano analizie przebadaną populację osób pod kątem występowania analogii behawioralnych w trakcie prowadzonych badań oraz dokonano zestawień reakcji elektrycznej aktywności w postaci rejestrowanych fal mózgowych. Dodatkowo przeprowadzono badania ankietowe wśród badanych, pozwalające na stwierdzenie przydatności wykorzystanej technologii VR w aspekcie realizmu obserwowanych odczuć badanych osób.

The paper presents selected results of tests, carried out on a selected group of people using a car driving simulator based on the VR technology. For the prepared test scenario, tests were conducted for a group of 31 people, different in terms of sex and age. In order to analyze the reaction, the behavior of the participants under study using the camera was recorded, and the activity of selected areas of the brain was evaluated using the BCI interface. The analyzed population of people was analyzed for the presence of behavioral analytics during the conducted research, and the reactions of electrical activity in the form of registered brain waves were done. Additionally, questionnaire research was carried out among the respondents, allowing to determine the suitability of the VR technology used in the aspect of realism of the observed sensations and reactions of the subjects.