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Application of sensitivity analysis for assessment of energy and environmental alternatives in the manufacture by using analytic hierarchy process

Ghorbannezhad P., Azizi M., Ray C., Yoo C., Ramazani O.

Environment Protection Engineering

2013

Vol. 39, nr 3

5--20

Multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) was used to make comparative analysis of projects or heterogeneous measures for prioritization criteria and subcriteria simultaneously in a complex situation. The aim of this paper is to determine the alternatives and the sensitivity of main factors affecting water and energy consumption as well as environmental impact in a recycled paper manufacturing by using analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The AHP enables one to consider all the elements of decision process in a model, and to compare criteria and subcriteria of the model to find the best alternative. The AHP technique is applied through specific software package with user-friendly interfaces called Expert Choice. The results indicated that reduction of water consumption is the most important alternative for sustainable development in a recycled paper mill in Iran. Also, good housekeeping is the most sensitive criterion affecting the alternatives. The paper illustrates how the AHP method can help industrial management to overcome the energy usage and environmental impact in the manufacture.

Applications and Benefits for the Development of Cartographic 3D Visualization Systems in support of Maritime Safety

Góralski R., Ray C., Gold C.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

2011

Vol. 5, no. 4

423--431

Maritime shipping is among the world’s most important industries and is vital to the global economy. With growing levels of traffic marine accidents pose a danger to health and lives of ship crews, en-vironment, and have a strong impact on profitability of shipping and port operations. This underlines the ur-gent need for the development of maritime navigation systems whose objective will be to contribute to a safer sea. Amongst many technical and methodological issues to address, there is a need for more efficient elec-tronic charting and radar display systems for use in navigation, traffic monitoring and pilotage, to improve the level of situational awareness of ship navigators, Vessel Traffic Services (VTS) operators and marine pilots. Cartographic 3-dimensional visualization (3D chart) facilitates fast and accurate understanding of navigation-al situations in ports and at open sea, decreases mental overload and minimises fatigue, this supporting better decisions for either sailors at sea or maritime authorities in charge of traffic monitoring. This leads to a reduc-tion of human error which is the main cause of marine accidents. This paper presents the latest developments and applications of cartographic 3D visualizations (3D charting) in marine navigation, VTS and pilotage.