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Management and Characterization of Textile Solid Waste in a Local Productive Arrangement

Pinheiro E., Francisco A. C.

Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe

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2016

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Vol. 24, no. 4 (118)

8--13

EN

The present research has the objective of identifying the characterization and management of textile solid waste generated in clothing manufacturing within a local productive arrangement (LPA) in Brazil. The importance of this research consists in the data presentation and survey which indicate the scenario of textile solid waste, enabling the promotion of appropriate and sustainable management actions for these materials. Thus it is exploratory research with a qualitative and quantitative approach. After analysing the data, the main characteristics, dimensions and management practices of textile solid waste in these industries are presented. The research results point out a considerable amount of textile solid waste that is generated and appropriate practices for the management of such waste. Nevertheless there is a need for improvement of this process aiming at enhancement opportunities of the materials mentioned as raw material in the development of the same products or other segments, in order to promote sustainable action.

PL

Artykuł ma na celu charakteryzację odpadów generowanych podczas produkcji odzieżowej w obszarze lokalnego zgromadzenia produkcyjnego w Brazylii. Analiza umożliwia identyfikację istniejącego systemu i poprawę zgodnie z zasadami zrównoważonego rozwoju.

2

Study on ballistocardiogram acquisition in a moving wheelchair with embedded sensors

Pinheiro E., Postolache O., Girao P.

Metrology and Measurement Systems

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2012

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Vol. 19, nr 4

739-750

EN

Embedding cardiac system sensing devices in wheelchairs is both necessary and attractive. Elders, diabetics, or stroke victims are a substantial group needing permanent cardiac monitoring, without restriction of their already limited mobility. A set of sensing devices was embedded in a wheelchair to monitor the user without his awareness and intervention. A dual-wavelength reflection photoplethysmogram (PPG), and a ballistocardiogram (BCG) based on MEMS accelerometers and on electromechanical film sensors are output by the hardware. Tests were conduced on twenty one subjects, for an immobility scenario. Additional recordings were made for helped propulsion over a tiled floor course, with good results in keeping track of acceleration BCG and PPG. A treadmill was also used for tests, providing a smooth floor and constant speed and inclination. The PPG and acceleration BCG could be continuously monitored in all the tests. The developed system proves to be a good solution to monitor cardiac activity of wheelchair users even during motion.

3

Fixed-point implementation of infinite impulse response notch filters

Pinheiro E., Postolache O., Girao P.

Metrology and Measurement Systems

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2010

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Vol. 17, nr 2

217-232

EN

Many studies have been developed aiming to improve digital filters realizations, recurring to intricate structures and analyzing probabilistically the error's behaviour. The work presented in this paper analyzes the feasibility of fixed-point implementation of classical infinite impulse response notch filters: Butterworth, Chebyshev I and II, and elliptic. To scrutinize the deformations suffered for distinct design specifications, it is assessed : the effect of the quality factor and normalized cut-off frequency, in the number of significant bits necessary to represent the filter's coefficients. The implications brought to FPGA implementation are also verified. The work focuses especially on the implementation of power line notch filters used to improve the signal-to-noise ratio in biomedical signals. The results obtained, when quantizing the digital notch filters, show that by applying second-order sections decomposition, low-order digital filters may be designed using only part of double precision capabilities. High-order notch filters with harsh design constraints are implementable using double precision, but only in second-order sections. Thus, it is revealed that to optimize computation time in real-time applications, an optimal digital notch filter implementation platform should have variable arithmetic precision. Considering these implementation constraints, utmost operation performance is finally estimated when implementing digital notch filters in Xilinx Virtex-5 field-programmable gate arrays. The influence of several design specifications, e.g. type, and order, in the filter's behavior was evaluated. Specifically regarding order, type, input and coefficient number of bits, quality factor and cut-off frequency. Finally the implications and potential applications of such results are discussed.