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Fractional Composition of Organic Matter and Properties of Humic Acids in the Soils of Drained Bogs of the Siedlce Heights in Eastern Poland

Becher Marcin, Tołoczko Wojciech, Godlewska Agnieszka, Pakuła Krzysztof, Żukowski Emil

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 23, nr 4

208--222

EN

The studied bogs of the Siedlce Heights in eastern Poland are currently undergoing decession. In the course of pedological studies, a significant modification of the structure of soil profiles caused by the murshing process was found. The total contents of carbon and nitrogen values (TC/TN = 11.1–17.3) obtained in the study, as well as slight acidification (pHKCl 5.42–6.15) indicate the eutrophy of the studied soil environment, high biological activity and a significant degree of organic matter processing as a result of the processes of mineralization and humification. In addition, the upper levels covered by the process of murshing, compared to peat, are characterized by lower carbon content and, most often, similar nitrogen content. In the studied soils, humic substances are mostly represented by the fraction of humic acids. As a consequence, high values of the quotient expressing quantitative relations between soil humus fractions (HAs/FAs) were noted. For all profiles, the highest share of fulvic acids was recorded in turf murshic levels (M1). The occurrence of the most mature humic acids was found in the peat levels not covered by secondary transformation processes after dehydration.

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Environmental Awareness and Knowledge of Municipal Waste Management Among Inhabitants of Eastern Mazovia

Kuziemska Beata, Grużewska Agata, Wysokiński Andrzej, Pakuła Krzysztof, Pieniak-Lendzion Krystyna

Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska

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2021

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Tom 23

356--368

EN

The problem of municipal waste management is one of the greatest challenges of the 21st century. Its solution requires the integrated involvement of central and local authorities as well as the public. For their actions to be fully effective, they must be accompanied by an increase in environmental awareness. The aim of the study was to assess the environmental awareness and knowledge of inhabitants of eastern Mazovia regarding municipal waste management. A survey study was carried out on a group of 262 individuals using a questionnaire. Analysis of the results showed that the surveyed inhabitants of eastern Mazovia were aware of problems associated with municipal waste management, but some of them were critical of the actions taken by central and municipal authorities to solve them. Their high level of environmental awareness and knowledge was evidenced by the fact that most of those surveyed were familiar with the principles of selective collection of municipal waste, including green and hazardous waste.

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Phosphorus Accumulation in the Dehydrated Peat Soils of the Liwiec River Valley

Becher Marcin, Pakuła Krzysztof, Jaremko Dawid

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2020

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Vol. 21, nr 5

213--220

EN

The aim of the research was to complement the knowledge on profile distribution and accumulation of phosphorus forms in the soils changed under the influence of secondary organic matter transformation process in dehydrated peatlands. The soil research was carried out in the upper Liwiec river valley in the middle-east of Poland. In the soil material taken from the moorsh (M1, M2, M3) and peat (O) horizons of the Murshic Histosols, the physical and chemical properties were determined and the soil phosphorus fractions with different activity in the environment by sequential extraction method were separated. The profile distribution of the total phosphorus content (TP) and values of carbon/phosphorus (TC/TP) ratio were characteristic for dehydrated peat soils included in the secondary transformation process (M1>M2>M3>O). This process also increased the contribution of the available phosphorus forms (NH4Cl-P), forms bound on the surface of iron (III) and manganese (IV) oxides and hydroxides (redox-P), as well as mineral (mHCl-P) and organic (oHCl-P) forms separated by 0.5 M HCl. Significant accumulation of the phosphorus compounds in the moorsh horizons of the investigated soils can be considered as a potential threat to the natural environment of the studied area due to the risk of decomposition of the phosphorus compounds when the area will be rehydrated.

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Zawartość makroelementów w wybranych gatunkach grzybów jadalnych

Kuziemska Beata, Wysokiński Andrzej, Pakuła Krzysztof, Jaremko Dawid, Czapliński Krzysztof

Inżynieria Ekologiczna

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2019

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Vol. 20, nr 4

1--4

PL

Celem przeprowadzonych badań było określenie zawartości wybranych makroelementów – N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Na i S w grzybach pochodzących z upraw celowych – pieczarce białej i brązowej (Agaricus bisporus) oraz boczniaku ostrygowatym (Pleurotus ostreatus). Grzyby zakupiono w sklepach lokalnych sieci handlowych w Siedlcach. Zawartość azotu ogółem oznaczono metodą analizy elementarnej na analizatorze CHN z detektorem przewodności cieplnej (JDC), natomiast pozostałych pierwiastków metodą spektrometrii emisyjnej z plazmą indukcyjnie wzbudzoną, po wcześniejszej mineralizacji na „sucho” w piecu muflowym w temperaturze 450°C i rozpuszczeniu popiołu w 10% roztworze HCl. Badania wykazały istotne zróżnicowanie zawartości składników mineralnych w analizowanych gatunkach grzybów. Najwięcej N, P, K, Ca, Na i S zawierały owocniki pieczarki brązowej a Mg boczniaka ostrygowatego. Najmniej N, P, K, Ca, Na i S oznaczono w owocnikach boczniaka ostrygowatego a Mg w pieczarce białej.

EN

The aim of the study was to determine the content of selected macroelements - N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Na and S in mushrooms from target crops - white and brown mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus) and oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus), which were purchased in stores of local retail chains. Total nitrogen content was determined by elemental analysis on a CHN analyzer with the thermal conductivity detector (TCD), while the other elements by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES), after dry digestion in a muffle furnace at 450°C and dissolution of ash in 10% HCl solution. The conducted research revealed a significant diversity of the chemical composition in the analyzed species of mushrooms. The highest content of N, P, K, Ca, Na, S were determined in the fruiting bodies of the brown mushrooms, and Mg - in oyster mushrooms. The smallest content of N, Ca, Na and S was found in the fruiting bodies of the oyster mushrooms and Mg - in white mushrooms.