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Study on fluoride fixation effect of Bayan Obo rare earth iron ore and three sodium agents under microwave irradiation

Guo Jing, Wen Ming, Li Jie, Hong Xunhai, Zhang Wenhao, Wang Yonglun

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

2022

Vol. 58, iss. 1

63--76

To investigate the fluorine fixation of Bayan Obo rare-earth iron ores in beneficiation and metallurgy processes, the effect of three sodium agents, namely, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, and sodium bicarbonate, on fluorine fixation under the action of microwaves was investigated using Xray diffraction, chemical detection, and orthogonal experiments. The effects of different types of sodium, roasting temperatures, sodium ratios, and roasting times on the fluorine fixation rate were evaluated. Results show that compared with conventional roasting, the fluorine fixation efficiency of Bayan Obo rare-earth iron ore under the action of microwave is superior after the formulation of the sodium agent, which is crucial for the study. Among the three sodium agents, the fluorine fixation effect of NaHCO3 can be used as the preferred sodium agent. Orthogonal experiments showed that the factors influencing the magnitude of the fluorine fixation rate are the roasting temperature, sodium agent ratio, and roasting constant temperature time in the order of priority. The optimal conditions for the fluorine fixation process are the microwave roasting temperature of 973.15 K, sodium bicarbonate ratio of 40%, and roasting time of 60 min. The highest fluorine fixation rate of 86.72% can be obtained. The findings of this study can provide a reference for the development of green and economic recovery processes for Bayan Obo rare-earth iron ores.

Citric acid inhibits the floatability of quartz in the Mg2+ system

Wang Yonglun, Li Jie, Zhang Wenhao, Li Pengwei, Guo Jing, Yao Kai

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

2021

Vol. 57, iss. 6

1--11

Citric acid is a small-molecule organic acid, which can be used as an inhibitor for the flotation of Mg2+ activated quartz. Methods such as flotation experiments, zeta potential, FTIR qualitative and quantitative calculations, and solution chemistry calculations were used in this study to conduct systematic research to study activation and inhibition mechanisms. The results show that adding only a quarter of citric acid under the optimal conditions of Mg2+ activated quartz produces the best inhibitory effect. Mg2+ and citric acid affect the zeta potential of the quartz surface in the zeta potential experiment. FTIR qualitatively found that under the action of Mg2+, sodium oleate was adsorbed on the quartz surface in the form of physical adsorption; quantitative analysis clearly explained that after the chemical reaction between citric acid and Mg2+, it desorbed from the quartz surface into the water system. According to the chemical calculation of the solution during the flotation process, it is found that the reaction product of citric acid and Mg2+ has no inhibitory effect; only the amount of Mg2+ is consumed, thereby reducing the number of activating factors and cutting off the medium of sodium oleate adsorbed on the surface of the quartz.